1 . They live far from the school, and it takes them about ________ hour and a half to go to work every day. （用适当的词填空）

2 . 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。

In Northwest China's Gansu Province     1     (lie) Zhangye National Geopark, which is blessed with a spectacular Danxia (red cloud) landform area     2     (cover) about 19 square miles. The Danxia landforms are     3     masterpiece of nature. The colorful mountain ridges are just like an overturned palette from heaven. Bands of fiery red, creamy orange, rich green and bright yellow streak across the mountain, forming     4     is known as the most beautiful rainbow mountain.

The incredible landscapes were created by sandstone and minerals piling on top of one another over the years due to tectonic plate movements. Wind, rain, and tine then carved the rock formations and rolling hills into     5     (vary) extraordinary shapes, including towers, pillars and valleys.

    6     (declare) a UNESCO World Heritage site in 2010 and a national geopark in 2011, the landform has become a top tourist     7     (attract). The park features a series of boardwalks that allow visitors to walk around the colorful sandstone landscapes. There are viewing platforms     8    (special) designed, enabling tourists to get close to the hills and feast their eyes     9     the magnificent sights without damaging the fragile ecosystem. Shuttle bus service is available, making     10     easy for tourists to get around the park.

3 . 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。

Wild animals are equipped with a variety of techniques to avoid becoming lunch for a much     1     (big), toothier animal. The most well-known     2     (method) include the classic “fight” and “flight”, as well as “freeze”.

A team of researchers wondered     3     closeness to people might influence those survival strategies.     4     (find) out, Blumstein and his workmates combined information from 173 studies of more than 100 species,     5     (include) mammals, birds, fish and so on.

It turns out that the animals react in a similar way to life among humans: they lose their anti-predator (躲避掠食者 ）characteristics. That pattern is     6     (especial)obvious for social species. This behavioral change is perhaps unsurprising when it's the result of domestication (驯化）,     7     means training or adapting an animal to live in a human environment and be     8     (use) to humans.

Urbanization (城市化） alone results     9     a similar change, though much more slowly. If the urbanization process     10     (help) animals better coexist with people, it can be to their benefit. But if it makes them weaker or easier to be hurt by their nonhuman predators, it can be a real problem.

4 . 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1介单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。

Perhaps no other scientist has had a     1    (great) impact on China’s aerospace than Qian Xuesen. He was a well-respected man,     2    served his homeland with effort, achievement, and devotion. Born in Hangzhou in 1911, Qian attended schools in Beijing and Shanghai. In 1935, he went to the US    3    further study and then worked there. After overcoming some difficulties, he returned to China in 1955, and was put in charge of developing China’s rocket science as well as the space and missile programme.     4    (face) with challenges, Qian didn’t feel discouraged. When     5    (ask) “Can we Chinese possibly make missiles?”, his reply was “Why not?”Under his leadership, China developed its own missiles, rockets, and man-made satellites successfully. Qian was     6    (knowledge). However,    7     made him an outstanding and creative scientist was    8    (probable) his interest in other things like music and drawing, which gave him     9    (inspire) in scientific research. The whole country was     10    (sad)by Qian’s death in 2009.

5 . 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。

Last week, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology instructed Tencent to submit its new app products as well as updated versions of its existing app products,     1    (tell) the internet giant that it cannot launch them until they     2    (approve). The company said in     3    statement it is working to upgrade its apps’ protection of users’ rights and interests.

The ministry’s technological examination of Tencent apps should be a wakeup call to the whole industry. No matter how big the companies are, they will take the responsibility     4    it, if they are found to be breaking the rules. The ministry’s action has been welcomed by the public, as their     5    (complain) about app-related misbehavior of big internet companies have finally been taken seriously. The regulation of the internet market and industry,     6     has a profound influence on almost every aspect of economic development, will become     7    (strict) so as to better protect the people’s rights and interests, and regulate the giant companies.

Strict regulations have taken effect since the ministry     8    (take) actions. So far, the ministry has examined a total of 2.44 million apps, and instructed 2,049 of     9     to fix their problems, which are related to     10    (cheat) users and misuse of users’ personal information. The app shops and other platforms through which users download apps are also being more strictly regulated by the ministry. A total of 400,000 apps were taken from their shelves before they were demanded to be examined.

6 . 阅读下面材料，在空白处填 入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。

Peru, a county     1     the Pacific coast of South America, is well-known for its diverse geography. time honored history and magnificent civilization. The county was the center of the powerful ancient Inca Empire in the 1400s and 1500s, when the Inca emperor     2     (live) in the now-famous site Machu Picchu.     3     nation was under the control of Spain from the 16^th century to 1821. It is because of this     4     Spanish is the main     5    (office) language of Peru.

If you are to visit Peru, you may consider spending a day or two     6     (wander) along the beautiful streets in Cusco,     7     was the capital of the Inca Empire from the 13^th until the 16^th century. It is also recommended that you     8     (pay) a visit to Machu Picchu, where you can admire the     9     (amaze) dry stone method of building. Being the world's catalogue, Peru is sure to leave an     10     (impress) on everyone.

7 . 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。

Yuan Longping is a plant scientist. People often call     1     ( he) the father of hybrid rice because of his important and world- changing work on the hybrid rice plant.

Yuan was born in Beijing in 1930 and graduated     2     the Southwest University of Agriculture in Chongqing in 1953. After graduation , he became a teacher at a school in Hunan province. In the 1960s, China experiences some bad     3     (nature) disasters and a lot of the country’s rice crops     4     (destroy). It caused a big problem. At the time. China’s population was growing very     5     ( quick), and the supplies of rice had not yet recovered.China’s     6     ( farm) found it hard to feed all of the people in the country with the available supply of rice. A solution was needed.

In 1964,Yuan found a kind of hybrid rice plant with advantaged over current types. He experimented a lot and developed a way     7     ( produce) this hybrid rice in large amounts. However, the first hybrid rice plant was not very successful. He experimented     8     worked with others, and by 1973, he     9     ( find) a way successfully to create a higher-producing species of rice . The new species was able to grow 20%    10     (much) than the original.

8 . 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Over the last 200 years, humans have become the dominant species on earth. As a result, the natural world     1    （suffer）greatly. Today, almost half of the planet’s land is used for agriculture and food     2     （produce）, forcing our wide spaces into dramatic retreat(消退). The global rate of extinction is     3     （high）than it’s ever been, while the climate crisis continues to speed up.

Therefore, many environmentalists are turning to “rewilding”,     4     is aimed at saving our disappearing biodiversity. So, what     5     （exact）is rewilding? In theory, the concept is simple: restore(修复)land,     6     let nature take back control. Currently, there are hundreds of rewilding projects taking place across Europe,     7     （spread）from the UK all the way down to the eastern Balkans.

For these projects to succeed, they need     8     special sort of person——highly skilled, and fiercely passionate individuals, or groups, willing to devote     9     （they）to the restoration of the wild. Because humans are responsible     10     the terrible state of the natural world, only significant human effort will make positive changes to the damage done.

9 . 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1 个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。

While     1     (travel) in Sweden, I came across an incident, which made me    2     (embarrass).

One day, I was walking in the street when I saw    3     adorable baby who was smiling at me, so I talked to the mother and kissed the baby on the cheek. To my surprise, the mother stared at me for a while and then left    4     (angry). When I returned to the hotel, I set about learning something about body language. Much evidence reveals that if you know little about body language, you are unlikely to enjoy the     5     (interact) with people from another country.     6     we all know, body language    7     (vary) from culture to culture. You must be well aware of whether     8     is appropriate for you to do something on some     9     (occasion). In addition, you’d better pay attention to how another person reacts to your words or body language, so that you can adjust yourself     10     the culture there.

10 . 阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

The history of Chinese garden architecture dates     1     the Shang and Zhou dynasties. During that period, Chinese kings and the nobility began developing forests and woods for hunting, which could    2    (see) as early gardens. The Han Dynasty advanced the concept of these "natural gardens" by adding living quarters and animals.

Traditional Chinese garden architecture was well developed in the Tang Dynasty. During this era, the    3    (construct) of beautiful gardens developed into what would include man-made hills, pools, and fountains.    4    time went on, this man-made beauty was able to successfully mix well with the beauty of the natural environment.

The Ming Dynasty    5     (follow) by the Qing Dynasty saw the heyday (最兴盛的时期) of Chinese garden architecture. Especially in the Qing Dynasty, emperors gathered skillful craftsmen (工匠) from all over the country    6     (create) even more complicated gardens. Gardens in this period were no longer    7     (mere) places for fun, but also served as areas     8    more formal ceremonies could take place.

Also, gardens in different regions of China have different styles. In northern China, they're large and often designed in scenic mountain areas. The Summer Palace is a typical example. The gardens in the south are    9    (small) than those in the north but no less delicate. Famous gardens    10     (belong) to this type are popular in Jiangsu Province, such as Li Garden and the Lion Forest Garden.