1 . 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

“The 2023 Nobel Prize in literature has been awarded to Jon Fosse for his innovative plays and prose which give voice to the unsayable,” the Swedish Academy     1    (announce)in Stockholm on Thursday.

The committee praised the author’s style,    2     has come to be known as “Fosse minimalism(极简主义)”. “Fosse presents everyday situations that are instantly recognizable in our own lives,” the committee said. “His reduction of language and dramatic action expresses the most powerful human emotions of     3    (anxious)and powerlessness in the simplest terms.”

His masterpiece — seven works grouped together into a single volume titled “Septology” —tells the story of     4     aging painter and widower who lives alone as he deals with the realities of religion, identity, art and family life.

“Fosse combines strong local ties, both linguistic and geographic,     5     modernist artistic techniques,” the committee said, “    6    (list)the Irish playwright Samuel Beckett and the Austrian poet Georg Trakl among those who influenced his style.”

“While Fosse shares the negative outlook of his predecessors, his particular vision cannot be said     7    (cause)a nihilistic contempt(虚无主义不屑)of the world. Indeed, there is also great warmth     8     humor in his work.” the committee added.

The choice of Fosse as this year’s laureate will do little to counter criticism from those who say the committee rewards     9    (Europe)writers at the expense of authors in other continents.

Male writers have also     10    (historical)dominated the award: Of the 120 laureates in literature, only 17 have been women.

2 . Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.

Microsoft bakes ChatGPT-like tech into search engine Bing

Microsoft is baking ChatGPT-like technology into its search engine Bing,     1     (transform) an Internet service that lags far behind Google into a new way of communicating with AI.

Though the new version is now limited to desktops and has no interface for smartphones,     2     most people now access the Internet, Mehdi, a Microsoft executive, has said that the technology will scale to millions of users in coming weeks and come to the smartphone apps.

The improvement may give the software giant a cutting edge     3     other tech companies in capitalizing on the worldwide excitement surrounding ChatGPT, a tool that     4     (awaken) millions of people to the possibilities of the newest AI technology in the past few weeks.

Aside from it, Microsoft is also integrating the chatbot technology into its Edge browser. “Think of it as faster, more accurate, more powerful technology     5     (tune) for search queries”, said Mehdi.

The shift to making search engines more conversational — able to confidently answer questions     6     offer links to other websites — could change the advertising-fueled search business, but also poses risks if the AI systems don’t get their facts right. Their opaqueness (不透明性) also makes it hard to source back to the original human-made images and texts,     7     the new Bing includes notes that reference the source data.

“Bing is powered by AI, so surprises and mistakes are possible. Make sure to check the facts.” is a message that appears at the bottom of the preview version of Bing’s new homepage. As an example of how it works, Mehdi     8     (quiz) it on 1990s-era rap, showing its ability to distinguish between the song “Jump” and “Jump Around”. He also used it to show how it could plan a vacation or help with shopping.

Google has been cautious about such moves. But in response to pressure due to ChatGPT’s popularity, Google announced on Monday a new conversational service named Bard that will be available to a group of “trusted testers” before     9     (release) globally this year.

Chinese tech giant Baidu also announced a similar search chatbot coming later this year. Other tech rivals such as Meta and Amazon have been researching similar technology, but Microsoft’s latest moves aim to position     10     at the center of the ChatGPT zeitgeist (时代潮流).

3 . Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.

Imagine for a moment that your unborn child has a rare genetic disorder. Not     1     at least vaguely familiar, such as sickle-cell anaemia or cystic fibrosis, but rather a condition     2     (bury) deep within the medical dictionary. Adrenoleukodys trophy, maybe. Or Ehlers-Danlos syndrome.

Would you, when your child is born, want to know about it? If effective treatments were available, you probably would. But if not? If the outcome were fatal, would your interest in knowing about it depend on whether your newborn had five years of life    3     (look) forward to, or ten? Or 30?

Today these questions are mostly hypothetical. Precisely because they are rare, such disorders are seldom noticed at birth. They manifest (显现) themselves only gradually, and often with unpredictable severity. But that may soon change. Twenty years after the first human genome     4     (map), the price of whole-genome sequencing has fallen to a point     5     it could, in rich countries at least, be offered routinely to newborns. Parents will then have to decide exactly how much they want to know.

Early diagnosis brings with it the possibility of early treatment. Moreover, sequencing the genomes of newborns could offer a lifetime of returns. A patient’s genome may reveal     6     drugs will work best in his or her particular case for conditions such as ADHD, depression and cancer. Combined with information about someone’s way of life, it could highlight easily neglected health risks such as cancers and cardiovascular disease, leading to better preventive measures. A database of genomes,     7     (match) to living people, would be a benefit to medical research. The fruits of that research, in turn, would make those genomes more useful to their owners as time goes on.

Such a powerful new technology create new dangers. Widespread screening for thousands of potentially harmful genes may be counterproductive: some results may worry parents unnecessarily, because some genetic variations,     8     occasionally indicative of disease, are not strongly so. Parents may not want to unlock all the secrets that their newborn’s genome might reveal. Some may indeed prefer not to know about conditions that cannot be treated. Adult-onset illnesses pose a different dilemma — a reasonable position is that it     9     be up to the children themselves, once grown, to decide whether they want to look at their genomic information. A further concern is that data will not be kept secure, and may be leaked or otherwise misused     10     some point in the future.

4 . 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

In China, the use and cultivation (种植) of green tea goes back thousands of years. While there is no precise way to know     1    (exact) when green tea was first cultivated, the following is     2    we know from historical records.

Legend assigns the discovery of tea to mythological emperor Shennong, who is said     3    (discover) tea in the 28th century BC. Shennong was sitting under a tea tree boiling a pot of water to drink. Some     4    (leaf) fell from the tree into the boiling water, creating the first ever pot of tea. During the Han Dynasty, written records referred     5    the cultivation of green tea. However, this wasn`t green tea for drinking     6    for medical purposes. The Tang Dynasty     7    (consider) by most to be the golden age of Chinese arts and culture. It was during this time that green tea became a popular drink and an important part of     8    (tradition) Chinese culture.

    9    first written account of tea culture, Cha jing or The Classic of Tea, was published by Lu Yu. This short but comprehensive work,     10    (cover) ten chapters, discusses everything from the mythological of tea, history, cultivation, preparation to tea culture.

5 . 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

High contact sports, choir and other outside-class activities can start again in Ontario schools after a temporary pause     1     students returned to in-person learning during the Omicron wave.

The province announced the changes on Thursday.

Some low contact sports     2     tennis have been ongoing in schools but high contact sports such as basketball and volleyball were paused in January due to COVID-19 risk.

No     3     (permit) has also been given for singing and the playing of wind instruments but they will now be allowed.

The province said     4     (participant) in outside-class activities still have to wear masks while on school campus but they can remove them temporarily “where     5     (require),” while playing instruments or sports.

The changes in permitted school activities come weeks after students headed back to classes in-person,     6     (follow) a two-week pandemic shutdown in January as the Omicron variant caused cases to jump.

The exact number of COVID-19 cases is not known due to changes in     7     province’s testing policy, but other indicators like hospitalizations and intensive care admissions from the virus have been declining, pushing the province to reduce     8     (many) restrictions.

Also on Thursday, the province said it was officially removing a rule that     9     (pause) surgeries and other activities to preserve health system capacity at the peak of the Omicron wave.

The province said the “steady decline” in hospitalizations and intensive care admissions from COVID-19 means more activities considered non-urgent can     10     (gradual) start again.

6 . 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个恰当的单词或者括号内单词的正确形式。

The 9, 000-plus volunteers at the Beijing 2022 Paralympic Winter Games have played     1    vital role in ensuring that all aspects of life for the sportsmen, both on and off the field of play, have gone     2    (smooth).

To meet the diverse needs of the para     3    (athlete) and all participants, the volunteers     4    (go) through a strict training program, which included training for basic medical and first-aid, how to use wheelchairs, and the     5    (guide) on when to provide assistance and     6    to communicate best.

Liu An’ an is one of the volunteers to have also served at the Beijing 2008 Summer Games. Back then, Liu was a sophomore student at university. Now, 14 years later, she is still at university but this time she acts     7    a lecturer, leading a team of her own students as volunteers at Beijing 2022.

Liu has spent over 150 days training and     8    (participate) in these Games. She is     9    (responsibility) for the traffic permits of all sorts of transportation vehicles, and needs to coordinate with over 100 different departments, including venues media, transportation and security.

“Becoming a volunteer     10    has served both at the Beijing 2008 Summer Games and the Beijing 2022 Winter Games is a great honor for me, and I feel a strong sense of pride and responsibility,” said Liu.

7 . 阅读下面短文， 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

The wooded hills of New England hide a secret--they weren't always forested. Instead, many were once covered with roads and farms.

This “lost” New England of the colonial era has started to emerge, thanks to archaeologists piercing the forests with their     1     (late) device called Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR).

LiDAR reveals farm walls, roads and homesteads hidden within Connecticut’s Pachaug State Forest. From villages     2     (sink) underwater to cities lost in the rise and fall of mill life, these ghost towns offer     3     unique look into the rich history of the past.

These archaeological features could not     4     (see) without the cutting-edge technology that bounces lasers off the ground     5     then generates precise pictures of surface features. Scientists using the same kind of technology have made new     6     (discover) while looking at Mayan cities, the plain of Stonehenge, and European palaces.

How did these farms become lost in the first place?     7     was documented, according to archaeologists, that there had once been extensive farming across New England. But with industrialization, people started to head west and abandoned the farms they once depended     8     . The forests eventually took over, covering the walls, roads, and homes until the recent findings.

Now     9     (carry) a strong cultural legacy of past human activity, the woodland has become a quiet monument to     10     we’ve lost in the development of civilization.

8 . 阅读下面短文，在空白处填1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Terra-cotta Warriors in Xi’an,     1     is known as the eighth wonder of the world, now is a museum to display the terra-cotta warriors and horses     2     (make) in Qin Dynasty. Qin terra-cotta warriors have guarded the mausoleum of Qin Shi Huang for over 2000 years.

In 221 B.C., Emperor Qin Shi Huang of Qin Dynasty established the first centralized feudal dynasty in China. After his death, he     3     (bury) at the northern foot of Lishan Hill in the east of Lintong County. The tomb took 39 years and 700,000 workers     4     (reach) completion. It had pearls embedded in the ceiling to represent the stars, and rivers and lakes were modeled with liquid mercury.

Qin Shi Huang Mausoleum is the     5     (large) imperial mausoleum with most peculiar structure and abundant connotation. It is not only the art treasures of the Chinese people,     6     the common cultural heritage of the world’s people.

Terra-cotta Warriors is     7     real-life theme art. Its means of artistic expression is delicate, lucid and     8     (live). The gestures and facial expressions are different between two terra-cotta warriors, with distinct personality and strong     9     (characteristic) of that age,     10     (show) peak clay sculpture art at that time.