1 . The long-term natural forces, like wind, water and temperature, can gradually wear down heritage sites ____________ natural disasters can lead to the destruction of them. (用适当的词填空)

2 . With coral reefs ______ threat from climate change the scientists are now advocating fewer people on islands to protect some of the most diverse ecosystems in the ocean. （用适当的词填空）

3 . I _________(see) the film “The Old Man and the Sea” with my desk mate, but he suddenly fell sick. (所给词的适当形式填空)

4 . I find that the works of English literature are so challenging for me. What _________(填一个情态动词) I do next? (用适当的词填空)

5 . 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Goal setting is important to long-term success. Goals help students focus on their journey to a collection of achievements, meaning they make     1    most of their resources and time, and can have motivation (动力) during times when they may feel like giving up.

Writing clear goals into a calendar     2    (give) students something to work and plan toward. When written down, these goals area lasting reminder of     3    students want to achieve. Goal setting even improves    4    (confident) by encouraging determination (决心) through difficult periods and offering a sense of pride when success     5    (final) arrives.

Through goal setting, students learn that hard work and good     6    (habit) are the keys to success. Because     7    this, they discover a level of respect for the determination    8    (require) to achieve further important goals in life. Not only is goal setting important for     9     (help) students get more out of their academic (学业的) experiences, but it also means they will choose     10    (continue) using the same skills in the future to look for a good job or achieve new developments.

6 . 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

The Chinese character zhen(振), meaning “vitalize”, was named the nation’s most popular character related to domestic affairs in 2023, while the character wei(危), meaning “risk” or “crisis”, was chosen as     1     (hot) for international topics. The characters are     2     a list of popular words, as well as phrases, collected in an annual     3     (assess) organized by agencies including the Ministry of Education’s National Language Resources Monitoring and Research Center and the Commercial Press publishing house.

Organizers explained that “vitalize” represents a current situation in China     4     everyone is trying to make an effort, and that’s the spirit one should have, whether it’s a country or an individual, when     5     (face) challenges and obstacles.

Meanwhile, it pointed out that internationally, the world’s path has come to     6     crossroads amid wars and conflicts, sluggish economies, a widening gap of development and a worsening environment. Organizers called for looking for opportunities     7     (hide) in the crises, and using dialogue and cooperation to handle differences in order to build a fair, better world.

In addition to characters, “gaozhiliang fazhan”, or high-quality development,     8     (choose) as the key domestic phrase of the year,     9     ChatGPT was named the annual phrase in international topics.

This year marked the 18th time for such a list     10     (publish). Over the last month, the same organizers also revealed the top 10 popular phrases, online catchphrases and new words.

7 . 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Technology giant Tencent has announced plans     1     an almost entirely car-free “city of the future” in Shenzhen.

Known as “Net City,” the 2-million-square-meter urban development (都市开发区) will pay more attention to green spaces and self-driving vehicles, according to     2     (it) designers.

    3     (design) to accommodate (容纳) a population of some 80,000 people, the site of this city-within-a-city will primarily serve Tencent, the company behind WeChat and China’s popular QQ messaging service.

But as well as providing company offices, the neighborhood is expected     4     (host) shops, schools and other     5    (convenience) facilities.

It will     6     (connect) to the rest of Shenzhen via road bridges and     7     city’s subway system. The firm behind the master plan, NBBJ, hopes that the new district’s parks and waterside promenade (步行大道) will attract     8     (visitor) from elsewhere in the city.

The plan differs from the enclosed campuses pioneered by big tech companies in recent years, according to Jonathan Ward, a design partner at NBBJ. “It’s     9     (definite) a wonderful destination,” he said in a phone interview. “It’s not meant to be an enclosed island — it’s a city full of life and energy,     10     will be a vital hub (中心) for Shenzhen.”

8 . 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

In the mid-1800s, people began thinking about better approaches to     1     (enjoy) music anytime and anywhere. Music boxes were very popular,     2     they could not recreate the human voice, so inventors set about creating a new sound recording device.

In 1860, a Frenchman, Edouard-Leon Scott de Martinville, invented a device     3     (call) a “phonautograph”. It was able to record sound on paper, but was not able to play it back. Because of this problem, it was never commercially     4     (success). However, scientists used it to explore the nature of sound and speech.

Next, in 1877, an American inventor named Thomas Edison made a new     5     (invent) called the “phonograph”, which could record sound and play it back. However, only certain sounds could     6     (record) by the machine. Very low sound couldn’t be reproduced, and very loud sounds would make the recording jump.     7    , Edison thought it would be best used for capturing (捕捉) people’s speech.

Inventors still wanted to record singers and musicians performing together. They finally made great advancements and invented flat disks. These disks were much     8     (strong) and more useful than before. As     9     result, the sound of music and voice was able to be captured and played back in high quality.

In the 1890s, new digital musical formats (数字音乐格式) began to compete with the phonograph record for sales. Nowadays, the phonograph is only popular with a small number of enthusiastic audio fans     10     love the way that they look, feel and sound.

9 . 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Wandering sounds, irregular rhythms and a carrier of gentle emotions. This is the musical language of guqin,     1     seven-string instrument created in ancient China.

The earliest piece of guqin in China     2     (date) back to the Zhou Dynasty.     3     (compose) of lacquered (喷漆的) wood and the strings of twisted silk, the body of a guqin looks quite simple,     4     unlike its seemingly simple appearance,     5     (make) a guqin is rather demanding. An outstanding piece can take anywhere from two to several decades to craft. It is a     6     (fantasy) achievement of art and time.

The tone of a guqin is quiet, spiritual and distant, with abundant empty notes in between, living up to listeners’     7     (expect) of amazing music. As the listener fills in the their empty minds, a connection is formed between music and man.

The guqin was favored by learned people in ancient China. The most famous guqin musician was Yu Boya     8     the Spring and Autumn and Warring States periods. As he played his guqin in the mountains, a woodcutter named Zhong Ziqi heard the     9     (extraordinary) amazing music and understood what Yu wanted to express. This deep understanding made them become close friends. This is the famous guqin masterpiece, High Mountains and Flowing Water,     10     story has been passed down through generations.

This graceful dialogue, travelling for thousands of years, is continuing to this day.

10 . More than any other type of literature, poetry usually implies a deeper meaning_______the words on the page.(用适当的词填空)