The Art of War was written     1       (original) in 500 BC. At that time, one of the greatest minds for military strategy, Sun Tzu, wrote down a few notes     2     (help) his clients.

The book lists important information that people should consider     3     planning a military action. Sun Tzu first advised     4     (avoid) war. It isn’t cost-effective, and     5     (harm) to a country. But, if it is inevitable (必然的), then keep control over the stages of war. Be prepared if the enemy attacks and try to attack first. As part of the     6     (prepare), take into account the “five constant factors”: the moral law, heaven, earth, the commander and method and discipline.

With the moral law, the soldiers are in complete hold-in with their commander. Follow orders unquestionably. Heaven is for     7     weather and time of day, and Earth is the terrain (地形). The commander must be beyond reproach (责备), always putting the good being of his men first, and taking pity     8     the enemy. Method and discipline are the meat of the operation.

When it     9     (become) necessary to wage war, be quick and decisive. Try not to do any more damage to the enemy’s lands than is absolutely necessary. It is best if the people are not too     10     (discourage). Don’t make them desperate. Desperate men become remarkably dangerous.