1 . Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.

A. evidenced     B. outlined     C. span     D. confirmed       E. generalizable        F. walking       G. charges     H. clearly     I. well-protected     J. originally       K. caution

A man deliberately got 217 Covid shots. Here’s what happened

One German man has redefined “man on a mission.” A 62-year-old from Magdeburg deliberately got 217 Covid-19 vaccine shots in the     1     of 29 months, according to a new study, going against national vaccine recommendations. That’s an average of one jab every four days. In the process, he became a(n)     2     experiment for what happens to the immune system when it is vaccinated against the same pathogen (病原体) repeatedly. A correspondence published Monday in the journal Lancet Infectious Diseases     3     his case and concluded that while his “hypervaccination” did not result in any adverse health effects, it also did not significantly improve or worsen his immune response.

The man, who is not named in the correspondence in compliance with German privacy rules, reported receiving 217 Covid shots between June 2021 and November 2023. Of those, 134 were     4     by a prosecutor and through vaccination center documentation; the remaining 83 were self-reported, according to the study.

“This is a really unusual case of someone receiving that many Covid vaccines,     5     not following any type of guidelines,” said Dr. Emily Happy Miller, an assistant professor of medicine and of microbiology and immunology at Albert Einstein College of Medicine who did not participate in the research.

The man did not report any vaccine-related side effects and has not had a Covid infection to date, as     6     by repeated antigen (抗原) and PCR testing between May 2022 and November 2023. The researchers     7     that it’s not clear that his Covid status is directly because of his hypervaccination regimen.

“Perhaps he didn’t get Covid because he was     8     in the first three doses of the vaccine,” Miller said. “We also don’t know anything about his behaviors.” Dr. Kilian Schober, senior author of the new study and a researcher at the Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, said it is important to remember that this is an individual case study, and the results are not     9    .

The researchers also say they do not endorse hypervaccination as a strategy to enhance immunity. “The benefit is not much bigger if you get vaccinated three times or 200 times,” Schober said.

The public prosecutor in Magdeburg opened an investigation into the man for the unauthorized issuing of vaccination cards and forgery of documents but did not end up filing criminal     10    , according to the study.

2 . 选择并使用所给英语单词的正确形式完成句子，有两个单词为多余词。

addict       globe       unearth       office       destroy       generate       adore

1. In the Song Dynasty, tea was only offered as a refreshing drink to kings and ____________.
2. The profit ____________ from the Rural Students Cafe goes back to the participating schools.
3. Her son has been ___________ to computer games since last year.
4. She carried a(n) ___________ doll in her arms.
5. Researchers ___________ documents from the 1600s last year.

3 . Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.

A. cracked B. court C. assured D. stressed E. harboring F. making G. roared H. groundbreaking I. ultimate J. sensation K. check

“Queen Wen” Ready to Reign

Zheng Qinwen has become the second Chinese to ever reach a major singles final after Li Na’s pioneering triumph at the Australian Open a decade ago. So close to the championship and so disappointed! Yet, it is with so much pride that we can reflect on the journey of a Grand Slam champion in the     1    . Despite her tough final loss to defending champion Aryna Sabalenka, the tennis     2     Zheng’s amazing run at the Australian Open has served up another major boost for the sport in China.

An aggressive talent,     3     championship dreams since watching Li in 2014, Zheng was one step away from having her own name on the same trophy, as she started battle against the mighty Sabalenka on Saturday evening,     4     by an enthusiastic Chinese crowd at the Rod Laver Arena and the entire tennis community back home.

Two sets and 76 minutes later, Zheng’s first Grand Slam final ended in an alert reality     5     that, the 21-year-old still has plenty of catching up to do before reaching the very top of the game, technically and mentally, even though she     6     the world top 10. It is a must because, if one loses, there must be a reason behind it. Zheng has to try to figure out why, and then she will come back stronger and better next time.

Coming up just one step short of the     7     prize, Zheng held back tears at the award ceremony while gazing at the trophy when Sabalenka lifted it for a second time in a row. She     8     how much better she could have done during the postmatch interviews, even with media all greeting her with words of encouragement. Nothing seemed enough to satisfy the ambitious competitor, who’s already achieved many “firsts” for Chinese tennis over the past two weeks.

With Zheng leading the way, China will have seven female players ranked within the top 100. This progress owes a lot to Li’s     9     career, which helped encourage Zheng’s generation to dream bigger. Witnessing the collective rise of the next generation, Li said she can rest     10     that the game’s future is in good hands.

4 . 根据句意，选择并使用所给英语单词的正确形式完成句子。有两个单词为多余词。

deliver     instant     knowledge     lift     official     otherwise     survive

1. We each should spare no effort to save our planet, __________ people out of poverty and advance economic growth.
2. The little boy save fifteen trapped tourists with the __________ of mudslides (泥石流).
3. We are committed to the project. We wouldn’t be here __________.
4. Nowadays the Internet’s advantage is its __________ and easy access to almost whatever we need.
5. For the sake of safety, you can choose to pay for goods on __________.

6 . Directions: Fill in the blanks with the proper forms of the phrases given in the box. Note that each phrase can be used only once and there are two phrases more than you need.

hold to   fight off   count on   dedicate… to   be targeted for   keep up with   turn in come across   get in the way   make sure

1. Despite feeling exhausted, he managed to ________ the urge to take a nap and continued working.
2. Traditional publishers need to ________ modern technology if they are to cater for changing consumer preferences and survive in the market.
3. A solemn ceremony was held in the town square, where a grand memorial stone ________ the brave soldiers who lost their lives in the war.
4. The engineer wanted to finish the project on time, but unexpected obstacles kept ________.
5. The suspended officer was asked to ________ his medal to the department supervisor.
6. I ________   you to help me navigate through this challenging time.
7. The organization ________ its mission of promoting environmental sustainability and stayed committed in the face of adversity.
8. While cleaning out the attic yesterday, the woman ________ an old photo album filled with cherished memories.

7 . Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box.Each word can only be used once.Note that there is one word more than you need.

A. average B. adapt C. consisting D. persistent E. exactly F. stuck G. failing H. extremely I. referred J. initial K. range

From roughly the 16th to 19th centuries, much of the Earth was caught by a persistent freezing cold. During this time, the Northern Hemisphere (半球) experienced long stretches of temperatures so cold that people witnessed crops     1     and rivers freezing — like the Scheldt River. Thousands of people walking and playing across the frozen River Thames; Soldiers on horseback seeing ships     2     in the ice; Natives using snowshoes to outsmart the English army…These were some of the images that define the Little Ice Age — a period of several centuries last millennium in which parts of the Northern Hemisphere struggled with a(n)     3     cold. But what caused the Little Ice Age, how long did it last, how did people     4     to the freezing cold — and what lessons can we learn as we enter our own period of climatic change?

The Little Ice Age was not a true ice age —     5    cooling was probably only in the order of 0.5 degrees Celsius, or 1 degree Fahrenheit — or was it consistently cold. Dagomar Degroot, associate professor of environmental history at Georgetown University has     6    to the era as a series of “little ice ages.”

Although some researchers argue it may have begun earlier, NASA defines the Little Ice Age as beginning around 1550 and     7     of three cold peaks-around 1650,1770 and 1850.

Scientists are still working out     8     what caused the Little Ice Age too. Theories     9     from decreased solar activity to increased volcanic eruptions, to the decline of populations in North America, which allowed forests to replace agricultural land, in the process removing about seven billion tons of carbon from the atmosphere. A 2022 study argued that the     10     trigger was actually a rise of extremely warm water flowing north from the tropics in the late 1300s,which pushed Arctic ice into the North Atlantic.

Whatever the cause, the consequences of the Little Ice Age have a lasting effect on history, although to what extent is still controversial.

8 . Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.

A．apply       B．broadly       C．complicated       D．downside       E．hardly       F．neighbors G．overburdened       H．pills       I．re-labeling       J．turning       K．worse

Britain appears to be in a mental-health crisis. In the past decade no European country has seen a greater increase in the use of antidepressants(抗抑郁药); now only the Portuguese and Icelanders are popping more of the     1    . Around 4.5m Britons were in contact with mental-health services in 2021-22, a rise of almost l m in five years.

There are a few reasons why Britons might be unhappier than their     2    . One global poll found that teenagers in Britain were some of the loneliest in the world, with few supportive relationships and a low sense of purpose and meaning: all risk factors for poor mental health. Britain’s poorest households are also     3     off than their equivalents in France and Germany, for example, which makes them more vulnerable to conditions such as anxiety and depression. And Britain’s health system can seem more     4     than those in most other rich countries. In England alone, some 3.8 m are waiting for mental-health treatment.

Those factors might explain why more people are     5     to medication. Another reason is increased awareness. Campaigns around depression and anxiety have been particularly successful in Britain. That is     6     a good thing. A reduction in humiliation (蒙羞) has encouraged more people to seek help. Taking antidepressants – or using mental-health services — has become much more acceptable.

But there is a     7     to this, as The Economist recently reported. Surveys suggest that Britons are increasingly     8     common human emotions, such as stress and grief, as mental illnesses. “You’re going to lose any sense of what mental illness is if you start to     9     it to 30%, 50% of the population,” says Adrian Massey, author of a book called “Sick-Note Britain”.

For all the focus on anxiety and depression in campaigns, severe mental illnesses still receive too little attention. This is a problem: according to the GBD, Britain has the highest rates of severe mental illness in Europe. The causes of such conditions are unclear, but seem to involve a     10     interplay of genetic and environmental factors. Illegal drug misuse, for which Britain has among the highest rates in the region, also plays a role.

9 . Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.

A．moral	B．fortunes	C．drastically	D．extinct
E．emerged	AB．approach	AC．claims	AD．cautiously
AE．ingredients	BC．managed	BD．object

Stressed out? Get chewing: can a wellness rebrand make Americans buy gum again?

When was the last time you saw someone chewing gum? 1998, maybe? 2007? Chances are, it probably wasn’t recently. Like high heels and affordable housing, chewing gum appears to be going     1    

Gum’s popularity has been fading globally thanks to increased competition from products like breath mints and mobile phones distracting us from impulse purchases while shopping. The pandemic, moreover,     2    ·accelerated gum’s decline.

Even after people     3     from lockdown, sales didn’t recover. Gum sales worldwide in 2023 were 10% below 2018 figures. In the US, the drop has been particularly pronounced: last year 1.2 billion units of gum were sold in the US, 32% fewer than in 2018.

However, chewing gum, in various forms, is one of the oldest habits there is. Stone age teenagers were chewing birch bar k tar possibly for pleasure, medicinal purposes, or to use it as a glue. Gum has also been loaded with cultural meaning and the subject of various     4     panics. Some people believe it is a marker of the bad kids or a habit of the lower class.

Despite a certain amount of social stigma（污名） attached to gum, it has - until relatively recently -been a wildly successful product. That’s thanks to William Wrigley Jr, who was a marketing and advertising genius. Wrigley always     5     to find a way to make gum relevant and insert it into consumer culture. For example, Wrigley advertised the idea that chewing gum was a health aid that would help digestion and would relieve stress.

This year the Wrigley brand’s owner —Mars— came out with an ad campaign it hopes will revive gum’s     6     by positioning it as an almost instant stress reliever. Linking gum with wellness worked in the 1910s, but is it going to work now? Alex Hayes at the food consultancy is     7     optimistic. “The global well ness market is estimated to be worth more than $1.5 trillion, so it’s no surprise that Mars wants a piece of the pie,” Hayes says. “We’ve seen the success of categories such as tea promoting their products via functional     8       and messaging-teas for good sleep, mental clarity, stress relief, etc. So it comes as no surprise that Mars is risking the same     9     .” But he also notes, customers are increasingly worried about processed foods and are eager to move away from artificial     10    . There’s still ongoing discussion on just how effective repositioning chewable plastic as a health supplement is going to be.

10 . 阅读下面短文，选择方框中合适的单词填入空格处。每个词只能使用一次。

A. increase     B. comparing     C. outdoor     D. nature     E. chances F. health     G. environments     H. gentle     I. interaction     J. promoting     K. creative

It’s widely accepted that exposure to a little dirt can be beneficial for health. This idea is supported by many studies suggesting that those who grow up in     1     with various microbes, such as farms, often have lower rates of diseases. This is believed to originate from their regular contact with a variety of microbial life.

In the 1970s, researchers discovered a soil bacterium with features that potentially reduces stress and boosts immune (免疫) response. This finding has contributed to the     2     of interest in the human microbiome (微生物群), leading people to focus on its development and applications.

Christopher A. Lowry, a professor at the University of Colorado Boulder, suggests the major microbial diversity we encounter is simply through experiencing     3     in person. This interaction is crucial not just for children but adults as well, improving both mental and physical     4    . A Finnish study further demonstrated this by     5     children in kindergarten with either a forest floor or an artificial yard. Those in contact with the natural environment showed stronger immune systems, and the effects were consistent over time.

Researchers conclude that participating in     6     activities like mountain biking, hiking, and gardening not only exposes individuals to these helpful microbes but also helps reduce symtoms of depression, anxiety, and stress. Gardening, for instance, offers a healing experience,     7     real connection with the soil as you plant and care for vegetables or flowers.

Moreover, creating habitats that attract wildlife or participating in community agriculture can also motivate one’s exposure to beneficial soil microbes. Websites like U-Pick Farm Locator and PickYourOwn.org offer     8     to participate in farming, even for those without their own garden space.

Getting invovled with soil and nature in     9     ways, such as making mud pies or building fairy gardens, proves effective in mental improvement. It echoes the idea that direct     10     with the earth can be profoundly satisfying and pleasant.