4 . Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.

A. understand	B. information	C. freely	D. permit	E. results
F. develop	G. ordinary	H. local	I. normal	J. interview
K. allows

As societies develop, their members start to see things not so much according to what they need, but according to what they want. When people have enough money, these wants become demands.

Now, it’s important for the managers in a company to     1     what their customers want if they are going to     2     effective marketing strategies. There are various ways of doing this. One way at supermarkets, for example, is to     3     customers while they're doing shopping. They can be asked what they prefer to buy and then the     4     of the research can be studied. This provides information on which to base future marketing strategies. It's also quite     5     for top managers from department stores to spend a day or two each month visiting stores and mixing     6     with the public, as if they were     7     customers, to get an idea of how customers act.

Another way to get     8     from customers is to give them something. For example, some fast food restaurants give away tickets in magazines or on the street that     9     customers to get part of their meal for nothing. As well as being a good way of attracting customers into the restaurants to spend their money, it also     10     the managers to get a feel for where to attract customers, and which age-groups to attract.

5 . Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.

The Floating School

Life on the islands can feel a bit isolated due to a lack of electricity and internet connectivity.

Although some of the islands have primary schools, most young people must travel to the larger islands or to the mainland to attend high school. Schools on the islands follow the     1     curriculum (课程). They don't teach subjects such as maritime skills, swimming or local fishing traditions, and so the curriculum isn't always     2     with students' everyday life.

So, we     3     the Floating School after winning funding through a US State Department grant competition called Seeds for the Future. Before we started the school, we spoke with young people, community leaders and teachers on the islands to find out the topics young people are most interested in. We also learned about the various     4     of students and young people who don't go to school. Thus, we     5     our own non-formal educational programme that fits with the context of life on the islands. For example, those working in fishing have responsibility     6     the marine life, so we teach environmental protection and discourage destructive fishing practices.

The Floating School is a wooden boat that can     7     up to twenty people and it goes to the students, not the other way around -- we use it to transport educational materials, tools, and teachers to young people living on the islands. Our teachers are local young     8    — so far we have had journalists, photographers, computer engineers and musicians — and students who want to     9     their skills.

At first, many of the young people thought the Floating School would be the same as their schools on the islands. They had thought of the teachers to be     10    . But our students learn through art, media and literature. They don't have to wear uniforms or shoes, and the teachers treat the students as equals, without judging them. This means our students can be themselves.

6 . Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.

Time: is there ever enough of it? In today's modern world, most of us are     1    with so-called time-saving devices and technological advancements and work less both at the office and at home. But why do we still feel busier?

A study by Derek Thompson on the “myth" of being busy suggests that while     2    brought us convenience, it also brought us new headaches. Consider the idea of FOMO (fear of missing out). Knowing exactly what we're missing out makes us feel guilty or anxious about the     3     of our time and our ability to use it effectively.

While being informed is important, it can lead to anxiety about keeping up with the times. If you find yourself unable to stop scrolling through Twitter, turn off the phone and take a mental break. Practice JOMO (joy of missing out), a(n)     4    on life that's a direct contradiction to FOMO. Get rid of feelings of guilt and “shoulds" and replace them with mindfulness and living in the moment.

Another thing technology has     5     us is the blurring (难以区分)between work and downtime. While constant connection has made the workday much more flexible, it's also harder to turn off at the end of the day. Always being "on" is a(n)     6    state of mind. Consider putting a hard stop on media and electronic devices an hour or two before bed.

Of course, if you want to move up the corporate ladder and get a bigger paycheck, working long hours has long been a     7     strategy. But if you don't have passion for your job or care about what you do, you might just be working yourself into more     8    .

People working the same hours feel completely different levels of time pressure depending on their passion. If most of the hours are spent doing something you don't feel     9    about, it's no wonder you start to feel out of control and anxious about your time. Taking back control of your time can ease this mental stress. Therefore, your time management goal shouldn't be to figure out how to do more, but     10    to figure out how to want less.

7 . 短文填空
Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.

A. access B. alternatives C. assigned D. confirmed E. conflicting F. elements G. function H. innovative I. prospective J. separate K. supporting

Considering how much time people spend in effects, it is important that with A be well designed. Well-designed office spaces help create a corporation’s image. They motivate workers and they make an impression on people who visit and might be potential, or , customers. They make business work better, and they are a part of the corporate culture to live in.
As we move away from an industrial-based economy to a knowledge-based one, office designers come up with to the traditional work environments of the past. The design industry has moved away from a fixed office setup and created more flexible “strategic management environments.” These solutions are meant to support better organizational performance.
As employee hierarchies (等级制度) have flattened or decreased, office designers’ response to this change has been to move open-plan areas to more desirable locations within the office and create fewer formal private offices. The need for increased flexibility has also been by changes in workstation design. Office and work spaces often are not to a given person on a permanent basis. Because of changes to methods of working, new design allow for expansion or movement of desks, storage, and equipment within the workplace. Another important design goal is communication, which designers have improved by breaking the walls that workstations. Designers have also created informal gathering places and upgraded employees’ to heavily trafficked areas such as copy and coffee rooms.
Corporate and institutional office designers often struggle to resolve a number of competing and often demands, including budgetary limits, employees hierarchies and technological innovation (especially in relation to computerization). These demands must also be balanced with the need to create interiors (内饰) that in some way enhance, establish or possess a company’s image and will enable employees to and their best.
All these of office design are related. The most successful office designs are like good marriage — the well-designed office and the employees that occupy it are seemingly made for each other.