4 . Though Lin Qiaozhi never married, she was known as the “mother of ten thousand babies”, having delivered over 50,000 babies in her lifetime. （英译汉）

6 . 短语填空

as for, be connected to, in one's lifetime, just like, on the scene, let out

1. Life is ___________a long journey, in which we all have a part to play.
2. The crowd   ___________a shout of joy when the exciting news was announced.
3. The artist developed the tradition of combining poetry with painting   ___________.
4. The new cellphones have lots of functions, but ___________me, they are not of great use.
5. These appliances should not   ___________power supplies.
6. The villager, who happened to be   ___________, told the police what he had seen with his own eyes.

7 . Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.

A. profits            B. flexibility            C. capitalism            D. guarantee            E. retirement F. lifetime            G. inefficient            H. category            I. seniority            J. contractual K. teamwork

In Japan many workers for large corporations have a guarantee of lifetime employment. They will not be laid off during recessions or when the tasks they perform are taken over by robots. To some observers, this is    1    at its best, because workers are treated as people not things. Others see it as necessarily    2    and believe it cannot continue if Japan is to remain competitive with foreign corporations more concerned about    3    and less concerned about people.

Defenders of the system argue that those who call it inefficient do not understand how it really works. In the first place not every Japanese worker has the    4    of a lifetime job. The lifetime employment system includes only "regular employees". Many employees do not fall into this    5    , including all women. All businesses have many part-time and temporary employees. These workers are hired and laid off during the course of the business cycle just as employees in the United States are. These "irregular workers" make up about 10 percent of the nonagricultural work force. Additionally, Japanese firms maintain some    6    through the extensive use of subcontractors (分包单位). This practice is much more common in Japan than in the United States.

The use of both subcontractors and temporary workers has increased markedly in Japan since the 1974-1975 recession. All this leads some to argue that the Japanese system is not all that different from the American system. During recessions Japanese corporations lay off temporary workers and give less business to subcontractors. In the United States, corporations lay off those workers with the least    7    . The difference then is probably less than the term "    8    employment" suggests, but there still is a difference. And this difference cannot be understood without looking at the values of Japanese society. The relationship between employer and employee cannot be explained in purely    9    terms. Firms hold on to the employees and employees stay with one firm. There are also practical reasons for not jumping from job to job. Most    10    benefits come from the employer. Changing jobs means losing these benefits. Also, teamwork is an essential part of Japanese production. Moving to a new firm means adapting to a different team and at least temporarily, lower productivity and lower pay.