1 . 路灯、外卖招牌和住所的光线正在影响鸟类的生物钟，导致它们在睡觉的时候非常清醒。
Light from street lamps, takeaway signs and homes is affecting the birds’ biological clocks, ________ ________them being wide awake when they should be asleep.

2 . 用方框中所给短语的适当形式填空

with the aim of, give an account of, cooperate with, lead to, in short, interact with, in addition to, make a breakthrough

1. ________ these arrangements, extra ambulances will be on duty until midnight.
2. The old houses, built in the 1980s, have limited the development of that area and ________ wasted land use.
3. While ________ people in India, I was exposed to a way of life completely different from my own.
4. It is impossible to ________ a person whose methods are completely opposed to your own.
5. He ________ detailed ________ what happened on the fateful night.
6. A grand art and cultural show would be held in our school ________ celebrating the 70th anniversary of our motherland.
7. ________, I like online reading more than paper reading.
8. To ________ in his scientific research, the scientist has been making a tremendous amount of effort.

3 . 根据句意，选择单词或短语并以其适当形式填空。

be faced with,in need of,wear down,lead to,break out,on purpose,give rise to,wear and tear,be typical of,at the thought of

1. Bicycle parts are exposed to ________ over time and you have to examine the bicycle to see if there are any signs of wearing such as scratches, dents, etc.
2. The steps ________ over the years by all those passing feet.
3. I was full of joy ________ seeing my best friends again.
4. She stayed awake ________ until half past eleven to have a good look at the moon by herself.
5. They ________ the problem whether they should carry on.
6. Heated arguments and cold silence can ________ a breakdown in your relationship.
7. The climate of a place is the general weather conditions that ________ it.
8. Thinking of all the people still ________ help, Doctor Lin opened a private clinic.
9. As the quality of the city’s air continues to ________ concerns, the residents are encouraged to set off fewer fireworks.
10. A major fire ________ at Notre Dame, which dates back to the year of 1163.

4 . 根据句意，选择单词或短语并以其适当形式填空。

come to an end, differ from, set up, in view of, cast new light on, at a time, lead to, work on, in the circumstances, take place

1. We all think it’s the best result that could be expected ________.
2. Recent research has ________ the causes of the disease.
3. It is common sense that people ________ one another in their ability to handle stress.
4. Introduce foods one ________ and notice if you feel uncomfortable with any of them.
5. ________ his excellent performance, his teammates all elected him as their group leader.
6. No sooner had the lecture ________ than the crowds of students poured out of the stadium.
7. Lack of exercise can ________ feelings of depression and exhaustion.
8. To develop the resources necessary for modern medical development, a lot of scientists ________ various experiments now.

5 . 短语填空

cast new light on, in view of, in the circumstances, differ from, come to an end, lead to, take place, at a speed of

1. Despite a weight of up to 300 kg, the bears can run __________64 km/h.
2. __________, his words were of little comfort.
3. What kind of changes would __________if cats, rats and rabbits were introduced to an environment like this?
4. Human facial expressions __________those of animals in the degree to which they can be controlled.
5. Recent research has __________the causes of the disease.
6. The English corner did not __________until about ten o’clock last night.
7. We’ll have to revise our original plan __________the present situation.
8. When stress gets out of control, it can __________poor performance and ill health.

6 . 短语填空

participate in, compete in, (be) identical to, call on sb to do sth, give birth to, in addition to, die out, devote oneself to, lead to, side by side

1. ________making a great profit, an amusement park in this area will bring joy to the residents.
2. Everyone in the class is expected to ________these discussions.
3. If these animals and plants ________, we will never see them again.
4. It was the study of history that ________the social sciences.
5. I feel honored to be invited to ________the competitive competition.
6. He dreamt that the Olympics would make it possible for people of all countries to live ________in peace.
7. Everyone was silent, waiting to see who would ________read his or her paragraph aloud.
8. As you can imagine, getting burnt can ________very serious injuries.
9. The young lady ________teaching the deaf children, so she has little time to care for her own daughter.
10. This house is almost ________the one where I lived as a child.

7 . 选词填空

with the help of; lead to; as a result; be seen as; rather than

1. _________ my English teacher,I won the first place in the English Writing Competition.
2. The computer was used in teaching.___________ not only was teachers’ energy saved,but students became more interested in the lessons.
3. Eating too much sugar can _____health problems.
4. As his first novel was published,he ___________one of the most outstanding writers of his generation.
5. Many developed nations are now concerned about saving nature ______ developing or destroying it.

8 . 选词填空

rather than; be seen as; with the help of; lead to; as a result

1. As his first novel was published, he ________one of the most outstanding writers of his generation.
2. Many developed nations are now concerned about saving nature ________developing or destroying it.
3. The computer was used in teaching. ________not only was teachers’ energy saved, but students became more interested in the lessons.
4. Eating too much sugar can ________health problems.
5. ________ my English teacher, I won the first place in the English Writing Competition.

9 . 选词填空

light up,   interact with,   be labelled as, a variety of, be accessible to, move around,   be unfamiliar with,   as a result,   lead to,   take in

1. Because he ____________ the city, I hope you can give him necessary help.
2. Failure often lies in laziness while hard work ________ success.
3. The city with amazingly beautiful scenery ____________ the garden of the world.
4. Put the medicine in the top drawer to make sure it would not ____________ the kids.
5. The students in our school enjoy ____________ after-class activities, which not only build up their body but also develop their abilities.
6. I like to ____________ others, so I have many friends.
7. I ____________ by the salesman—the car turned out to be uneconomical and unreliable.
8. Alice overslept this morning. ____________, she was late for work.
9. He stood up and began to ____________ the room.
10. New Year’s firework ____________ the sky over the city.

10 . 这条路通向你曾经住过的村庄吗？(where) (汉译英)