1 . 选词填空（用所给短语的适当形式填空，有两项多余）

in urgent need of; on purpose; wear down; at risk; call for; at the top of the agenda be awed by; break out; lead to; at the thought of; cause damage to; give rise to

1. I need new heels on these shoes; the present ones are all ________________.
2. Like every visitor to China, I ________________ the speed and scale of the country’s development.
3. Can you effect shipment one month earlier? Our customers are ________________ the goods.
4. If a nuclear war ________________, every living thing will be wiped off the face of the Earth.
5. Cleaning should be handled with care to avoid ________________ any part of the machine.
6. Today, health and food safety are viewed as highly important and often placed ________________.
7. Scientists have identified thousands of genes that can ________________ diseases in humans when they mutate(产生突变).
8. To be seen crying sadly, the little boy raised his head and had the tears falling down ________________.
9. He had shown himself careless of personal safety where the life of others might be ________________.
10. Writing ________________a critical attitude of mind that I don’t possess.

4 . 化学物质导致了严重的水质问题，导致鱼类数量减少。(decrease; 现在分词作状语) (汉译英)

5 . 起初，懒惰导致了我所有学科的不及格。但是我的班主任设法使我努力学习。
At first, laziness ________ in all the subjects. But my headteacher managed to ________.

6 . 许多人吃高脂肪的食物，导致肥胖和不同的疾病。
①Many people eat high­fat foods，________________ obesity and different diseases.(简单句)
②Many people eat high­fat foods，________________ obesity and different diseases.(复合句)

8 . 但是该提议引发了抗议。(汉译英)

10 . The long cruel winter came to an end at last,              a warm spring.

A．yielding to

B．contributing to

C．leading to

D．appealing to