1 . Foreign drivers will have to pay on- the- spot fines of up to £600 for breaking the traffic law to be enforced (强制实施) next month.
If they do not have enough cash or a working credit card, their vehicles will be clamped (扣留) until they pay — and they will face an additional fee of £60 for getting back their vehicles.
The new law will also apply to British citizens. The fines will be described officially as “deposits” when the traffic law takes effect, because the money would be returned if the driver went to court and was found not guilty. In practice, very few foreign drivers are likely to return to Britain to deal with their cases.
Foreign drivers are rarely charged because police cannot take legal action against them if they fail to appear in court. Instead, officers often merely give warnings.
Three million foreign-registered vehicles enter Britain each year. Polish vehicles make up 36 percent, French vehicles 10 percent and German vehicles 9 percent.
Foreign vehicles are 30 percent more likely to be in a crash than British-registered vehicles. The number of crashes caused by foreign vehicles rose by 47 percent between 2018 and 2023. There were almost 400 deaths and serious injuries and 3,000 slight injuries from accidents caused by foreign vehicles in 2023.
The new law is partly intended to settle the problem of foreign lorry drivers ignoring limits to weight and hours at the wheel. Foreign lorries are three times more likely to be in a crash than British lorries. Recent spot checks found that three quarters of lorries that failed safety tests were registered overseas.
The standard deposit for a careless driving offence — such as driving too close to the vehicle in front or reading a map at the wheel — will be £300. Deposits for speeding offences and using mobile phones will be £60. Foreign drivers will not get points as punishment added to their licenses, while British drivers will.
1. What do we know about the new traffic law?| A．It has been well carried out. |
| B．Drivers must pay their fines in cash. |
| C．Vehicles will be clamped for breaking the law. |
| D．It is intended for both foreign and British drivers. |
| A．Many foreign vehicles have been fined in Britain. |
| B．Half a million French vehicles enter Britain every year. |
| C．30% of foreign vehicles cause road accidents in Britain. |
| D．Officers prefer to warn foreign drivers rather than take them to court. |
| A．To increase the income of British police. |
| B．To lower the rate of traffic accidents and injuries. |
| C．To cut down the number of foreign lorries entering Britain. |
| D．To get foreign drivers who cause accidents to appear in court. |
| A．Foreign Drivers Face Heavy Punishment in Britain |
| B．Strict New Measures for Traffic Safety in the UK |
| C．Challenges of Enforcing Traffic Law on Foreign Vehicles |
| D．British and Foreign Drivers Equally Subject to New Traffic Law |
1. Why does the man phone the woman?
| A．To invite her to a bar. | B．To ask for directions. | C．To make an appointment. |
| A．On North Street. | B．On St. James Street. | C．On Queen’s Street. |
| A．Pick up the man. | B．Prepare some drinks. | C．Go out for dinner. |
| A．By bus. | B．By taxi. | C．By bike. |
| A．By taxi. | B．By bus. | C．By train. |
| A．By foot. | B．By underground. | C．By bike. |
| A．She drove too fast. | B．She ran a red light. | C．She parked illegally. |
注意:
1. 词数 100 左右;
2. 题目和首句已为你写好。
Development of Transport in China
From the vehicle of horses to today's convenient transport, Chinese transport has an enormous development.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________1. 分析图表数据；
2. 简述变化的原因；
3. 预测未来趋势。
Report on travel mode preferences
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________| A．By plane. | B．By bus. | C．By subway. |
10 . Clear winners are hard to pick in the race to develop self-driving vehicles, but autonomous trucks have built a convincing lead. Robotrucks have completed thousands of automated journeys and a new era of driverless delivery appears to lie in store for the world.
Big-name vehicle manufacturers like Daimler, alongside AV (autonomous vehicle) innovators like Aurorae have sunk billions of dollars into making self-driving trucks work, which is a solid investment in road freight (货运).
Fitted with complex LIDAR road scanning systems, computer vision, and AI predictive software, the vehicles serve the so-called “middle mile” between distribution centers, where loads are picked up and dropped off for human drivers to complete deliveries to homes and businesses.
Texas, with its spacious highways, prosperous road freight market, and relaxed regulations, provides ideal conditions to road test the trucks. Other states have their own regulations in place to allow AV testing on public roads.
There are six levels of vehicle automation (from 0 to 5) and level five — full autonomy, drive anywhere — is the end goal. Autonomous journeys often run at level four, which turns out safe, with a backup driver in the cab ready to take control in case an accident happens. In December 2021 a level 4 semi-truck drove 80 miles on public roads, between a railyard in Tucson, Arizona, and a distribution center in Phoenix.
Analysts say that up to 90 percent of long-distance trucking jobs could be lost to self-driving technology once it becomes widespread. Safety is another concern. Questions of whether authorities are ready to deal with the new technology followed a crash between a Waymo Via class 8 truck and another human-driven semi-truck near Ennis, Texas. The human driver was at fault, but the safety operator in the Waymo truck did not take control during the incident and a report exposed the weaknesses of the way the crash was dealt with.
AV industry representatives say their vehicles with self-driving technology are safer and more efficient than cars driven by people and will improve road safety. But doubts from road safety campaigners, transport workers, and city authorities exist about rapid change without stricter controls. All agree that new laws will be necessary.
1. What is paragraph 3 of the text mainly about?| A．The complex system of the vehicles. |
| B．The process of picking up and dropping off loads. |
| C．Ways of completing deliveries to homes and businesses. |
| D．The function of autonomous vehicles in road freight. |
| A．More often than not, trucks running at level 4 are secure. |
| B．Levels of vehicle automation serve different purposes. |
| C．“Full autonomy, drive anywhere” is the ultimate target. |
| D．A backup driver in the cab is crucial in avoiding an accident. |
| A．Unclear. | B．Approving. | C．Objective. | D．Dismissive. |
| A．The Evolution and Implications of Self-Driving Vehicles |
| B．Robotrucks to Deliver a New Era of Driverless Technology |
| C．A Solid Investment from Big-Name Vehicle Manufacturers |
| D．The Testing of Autonomous Trucks on Public Roads with Level 4 |
