2 . 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Shenzhen, a city that pioneered reform and opening-up in China, will allow fully autonomous vehicles     1     (run) on certain roads.

The new rule,     2     (schedule) to come into force on August 1, 2022, also clarified rules for liability (责任) in car accidents that involve autonomous driving,     3     (help) to fill the legal gap in China’s smart car industry.

“Shenzhen is giving self-driving cars     4     legal “identity card”, a key move in accelerating the commercialization of autonomous vehicles,” experts said, adding that more legal     5     (measure) and more testing experience are needed before widening such trials.

The new rule said automakers don’t     6     (necessary) have to equip fully autonomous vehicles with human driving modes and equipment,     7     must they have human drivers.

But such fully automated vehicles can only run on certain roads and sections designated (指定) by Shenzhen’s traffic management department, according to the rule,     8     was published on the official website of Shenzhen Municipal People’s Congress on Tuesday.

“In a traffic accident, if the damage     9     (cause) by the defects of a vehicle, the driver, the owner or the user of the vehicle, after paying for the bill, can request compensation (补偿) from the manufacturer or seller of the car in accordance with laws,” the new rule said.

Yu Qian, CEO and founder of QCraft, a Chinese self-driving startup, said, “China’s autonomous driving industry is entering a golden development period, with many     10     (effect) policies becoming increasingly clear and open, and technologies and algorithms (算法) becoming more powerful.”

4 . 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式,答案写在答题卡上。

During the past three decades,China    1     (witness)the railway industry’s transformation from making slow trains     2     making domestically manufactured high-speed trains

In 1997,China started     3     (it)first significant railway speed increase. Since then, the country’s high-speed rail technology has continued to achieve breakthroughs250 km/h to 350 km/h and then to 400 km/h.Made-in-China high-speed trains not only operate     4     (smooth) in freezing weather and desert    5     (region),but they also come with driverless technology Millions of railway workers take pride in their roles as the company provides    6     clear route for their professional advancement.Through    7     (train), practical operation and assessment, they can move up as a wiring worker to a technician, an operator an expert and even a scientist

As trains become faster and more intelligent, their software and hardware systems will become more complex thus requiring    8     (high)technical competence for daily maintenance by railway workers. For these diligent railway workers    9     have skilled craftsmanship, improving their skills tirelessly to ensure safe operation of the trains seems like an     10     (end)learning curve throughout life.

6 . 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Nowadays, millions of people get the news of air crash whenever it happens. Therefore, the fear of flying     1     (rise) in the past few years. This causes many Americans     2     (drive) rather than fly, but is driving really a     3     (safe)way to travel than flying?

As a matter of fact,     4     the media doesn’t show the world are other automobile accidents; research over the past several years has shown that flying is the safest method of transportation. In a Newsweek magazine study     5     (test) deaths per 100 million miles of transportation, cars have 0.94 deaths while trains 0.04 deaths and planes and buses came out     6     same with 0.01 deaths.

When you look at the data, perhaps you will be worried about the     7     (frequent) of air crashes,       8     actually only a small percent of these crashes involve deaths. On the other hand, when there is a crash, there is usually a fairly large loss of life     9     (involve). And nearly every air crash     10     (probable) makes the front page headline in nearly every newspaper across the world.

7 . 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Denmark wants to make all domestic flights fossil fuel-free by 2030. Prime Minister Mette Frederiksen announced the goal in a New Year speech. Denmark    1         (be) known for its green qualification. It is famous as a heaven for cyclists and a huge destination for eco-minded food experts, and now it even has    2       waste-to-energy plant complete with its own ski spot.

Most impressively of all, though, the country aims to reduce its carbon emissions    3       70 percent by 2030. In the speech,Prime Minister Mette Frederiksen said such changes were necessary     4     “to travel is to live and therefore we fly”. Researchers are already working on    5         (find) alternative fuels for those flights, and hydrogen(氢) is the     6    (likely) competitor.

    7    (fortunate), the Scandinavian country isn’t the only nation trying to make flying a greener travel option. By 2030, Sweden wants all airlines to have switched to bio-fuels. To make this happen, they    8    (tax) on the emissions of their fossil fuel-powered flights soon. In   France, meanwhile, flights which could be replaced by a train trip that takes under two and a half hours are likely    9    (ban). That’s all great news,and hopefully a sign of even greater things to come. Could a big    10    (play) like the USA or China be next?

8 . 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Tech giant Baidu     1     (announce) on Monday that it had obtained permits to operate fully autonomous taxis without any human     2     (assist) on board in two of China’s megacities (特大城市), marking     3     first for the country.

Baidu said it received the regulatory approvals for its autonomous ride-hailing service Apollo Go to operate on open roads during the daytime in Chongqing and Wuhan. The cities have populations of some 30 million and 11 million people,     4     (respective).

The move represents a notable step forward for Baidu and a potential shift in China’s comfort with the new technology. In other cities     5     the company’s robotaxis operate, Beijing, Shanghai and Shenzhen     6     (include), Baidu is required to have a human safety operator present in the vehicle.

The permits will allow Baidu     7     (provide) fully driverless robotaxi services in certain areas in Wuhan and in Chongqing. Service will be limited at first, though, with just five robotaxis     8     (operate) then in each city.

In the United States, robotaxi offerings remain limited     9     numbers and ride-hailing giants like Uber and Lyft have abandoned in-house self-driving taxi efforts.

In June, General Motors-backed Cruise gained permits in California to charge a fare for driverless rides in San Francisco. In July,     10    , Reuters reported that the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration opened an investigation into a crash of a Cruise self-driving vehicle that resulted in minor injuries.

9 . Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.

Will the coronavirus bike boom lead to greener cities?

The coronavirus pandemic (新冠疫情) has led to an explosion of interest in bikes and biking. With the pandemic     1     (continue) to spread, people began looking for ways of getting around that didn’t involve crowded forms of public transportation. Because biking happens in the open air, and the chance of catching the coronavirus while riding     2     (be) very low, biking is seen as a safe way to travel.

In many places, governments are encouraging bike use. In Italy, for example, the government itself is offering up to $575 for people to buy new bikes, while France will chip in $55 to help riders with their bike repair costs.

Families appreciate biking, too. With schools     3     (close), and kids unable to hang out with their friends, biking is a welcome activity. For many people,     4     encourages them to ride bikes is that biking is fun.

But bikes are also practical. Experts say that for people in some cities, roughly 60% of their trips can be made by bike. Many cities are seeing this as an opportunity     5     (make) their streets safer and greener. Cities around the world are adding miles and miles of bike lanes     6     their streets to encourage biking.

New York says it will close off up to 100 miles of roads so they     7     be used by bikers and walkers. Oakland, California plans to close 74 miles to traffic,     8     accounts for almost 10% of the streets in the city. Paris has set up over 400 miles of new bike lanes. Cars and trucks     9     (ban) from 75 miles of streets in Bogota, Colombia.

    10     many of these bikes lanes are only being added for the time being, if changes in biking habits become permanent, they could seriously cut down car traffic and help make cities a lot greener.