1 . Kids Flying Alone Guide

Helpful tips for children traveling alone
Airline	Age	Fee per child (each way).	Notes
Air Tran Airways	6 to 8 years old — non-stop or direct flights only	$ 48 for a non-stop flight	Unaccompanied children.
American	6 to 8 years old — non-stop or direct flights only	$ 110	Flights for unaccompanied children cannot be booked online.
British Airways	7 to 15 years old — can travel alone on connecting flights	$ 60 for flights within UK	Flights for unaccompanied children cannot be booked online.
Frontier Airlines	6 to 15 years old — non-stop or direct flights or connecting flights	$ 60 for non-stop or direct flights $120 for connecting flights	Flights for unaccompanied children cannot be booked online.

Before the flight:

Try to book a morning flight. If it is delayed or canceled, you have the rest of the day to make alternate planes. Make sure your child doesn’t wear any clothing that has his or her name on it, which would make it easier for a stranger to convince a child he can be trusted.

At the airport:

Make sure the flight attendants know that your child is traveling alone. Make sure that he or she will be seated in an area of the aircraft that’s convenient for attendants to keep an eye on — the very front of very back of the aircraft is ideal.

Register your child’s travel plans with the U. S. State Department, which can provide assistance in an emergency. This is a free service.

What to pack:

Cell phone: If your child doesn’t have a cell phone, buy him or her a pay-as-you-go phone at a cell phone retailer (零售店) so he or she has an easy form of communication for emergencies.

Gift cards: Invest in a few pre-paid gift cards worth $ 25 or $ 50, This will reduce the worry of traveling with a large amount of cash.

Family/ friends contact information: Give your child a complete list of names, numbers and addresses of the people who are picking your child up at the airport.

1. How much should you pay if your child aged eleven travels alone on a connecting flight by Frontier Airlines?

A．$ 50.	B．$ 75.
C．$ 120.	D．$ 160.

2. What can we learn from the passage?

A．Juice or water can’t be brought onto the aircraft.

B．Unaccompanied children can’t fly on the last flight of the day.

C．Pay-as-you-go phones are provided for free at the airport for children without cell phones.

D．Parents can register children’s travel plans with the U. S. State Department for free.

3. Which of the following is recommended for unaccompanied children?

A．Booking them morning flights.

B．Giving them a large amount of cash.

C．Making them sit in the middle of the aircraft.

D．Dressing them in clothing with their names on it.

2 . 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1 个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。

Beijing Daxing International Airport, also known    1     Beijing New Airport, is the biggest airport in the world. With its grand opening on September 25, 2019, it became a hot destination during National Day holiday. Visitors crowded into the    2     (new) opened airport to take photos for their We Chat moments. According to a report from the airport,     3     number of checked the airport on October 3 was 4,513, while visitors    4    (go) beyond 100,000. Outbound (出港的) passengers at the airport hit 5,667 the day before, with a total of around 85,000 people    5    (enter) the terminal.

Many visitors came just to look at the airport's striking architecture;     6    admire its beautiful artwork. The airport added staff members to ensure the    7    (safe) of passengers and also released its travel tips recommending passengers to plan ahead    8     (avoid) traffic around the holiday.

Beijing Daxing International Airport     9     (expect) to become one of the world's     10     (busy) and most advanced airports with its cutting edge technology and intelligent services. It also aims to provide visitors with wonderful travel experiences as well as shortened wait times.

3 . 阅读下面句子，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。

The bicycle is     1     most popular means of transport in China. People ride it for various     2    (purpose) such as going to and from school and work. Bicycles are very cheap and easy     3     (buy) in China.

There are many advantages of riding a bicycle. Firstly, compared with cars     4     are powered by gas, bicycles can do good to     5     (save) energy and reducing the air pollution. Taking up less space, a bicycle can also     6     (lighten) the traffic jams. Most importantly, people can keep     7     (health) by riding a bicycle regularly.

    8    my view, the future of the bicycle will be bright     9     some city governments have built special paths for bicycle riders and     10     (provide)“public bicycles” to travel round the city center free of charge. Bicycles will be popular again in China.

4 . Your next car might drive itself. After years of trials on city streets, driverless vehicles are now nearing the production phase. Last month, a driverless bus began carrying passengers through Lyon, France. Most in the automobile industry think self-driving vehicles will be on the road by 2020 or before.

Driverless cars will at first be huddled with human-driven cars. But the first places where they will become dominant（占支配地位的）are dense urban areas-precisely the spots most damaged by the automobile age. Many advanced cities are already reducing the role of human-driven cars. Driverless cars will quicken that process and will bring us great benefits.

Driverless cars will reduce accidents by around 90 percent. That's big-the annual death toll on the world's roads is about 1.2 million a year. Pollution and carbon emissions will drop, because urban driverless cars will be electric. The old, otherwise they would stay at home most of the time and the disabled and teenagers will suddenly gain mobility.

On the other hand, driverless cars will bring catastrophe（灾难）.The best thing about the automobile age is that it employs tens of millions of people to make, market, insure and drive vehicles. Over the next 20 years, most men who now drive trucks, taxis and buses will see their jobs reduced. Carmakers are especially scared. A few cars in the future might be made by tech companies such as Apple, Baidu and Google. Imaging the impact on Germany, where the automotive sector is the largest industry.

Dramatic change is coming, and driverless cars could arrive by 2020. But governments have hardly begun thinking about it. Only 6 percent of the biggest US cities have factored them into their long-term planning.

A decade ago anyone hardly saw the smartphone coming. It has brought an epidemic of mass addiction. Let's hope we do a better job of handling the driverless car.

1. The underlined words "be huddled with "in Paragraph 2 can be replaced by "________".

A．show up with	B．exist together with
C．get rid of	D．take the place of

2. Why can driverless cars reduce pollution and carbon emissions?

A．Driverless cars reduce the number of human-driven cars.

B．Driverless cars will be powered by electricity.

C．Driverless cars save fuel by driving themselves.

D．Driverless cars will reduce too many accidents.

3. What can we know about driverless cars？

A．They will not hit the road until 2020.

B．They will only be used in urban areas.

C．They will not cause any road accident.

D．They aren't still seriously taken by governments.

4. What's the author's attitude toward driverless cars？

A．Doubtful.	B．Negative.
C．Objective.	D．Worried.

5 . When a driver slams on the brakes to avoid hitting a pedestrian crossing the road illegally, she is making a moral decision that shifts risk from the pedestrian to the people in the car. Self-driving cars might soon have to make such ethical (道德的)judgments on their own — but settling on a universal moral code for the vehicles could be a tough task, suggests a survey.

The largest ever survey of machine ethics, called the Moral Machine, laid out 13 possible situations in which someone’s death was unavoidable. Respondents were asked to choose who to spare in situations that involved a mix of variables: young or old, rich or poor, more people or fewer. Within 18 months, the online quiz had recorded 40 million decisions made by people from 233 countries and territories.

When the researchers analysed these answers, they found that the nations could be divided into three groups. One contains North America and several European nations where Christianity has been the dominant (占支配地位的)religion; another includes countries such as Japan, Indonesia and Pakistan, with strong Confucian or Islamic traditions. A third group consists of countries in Central and South America, such as Colombia and Brazil. The first group showed a stronger preference for sacrificing older lives to save younger ones than did the second group, for example.

The researchers also identified relationships between social and economic factors in a country. They found that people from relatively wealthy countries with strong institutions, such as Finland and Japan, more often chose to hit people who stepped into traffic illegally than did respondents in nations with weaker institutions, such as Nigeria or Pakistan.

People rarely face such moral dilemmas, and some cities question whether the possible situations posed in the online quiz are relevant to the ethical and practical questions surrounding driverless cars. But the researchers argue that the findings reveal cultural differences that governments and makers of self-driving cars must take into account if they want the vehicles to gain public acceptance.

At least Barbara Wege, who heads a group working on autonomous-vehicle ethics at Audi in Ingolstadt, Germany, says such studies are valuable. Wege argues that self-driving cars would cause fewer accidents, proportionally, than human drivers do each year—but that people might focus more on events involving robots.

Surveys such as the Moral Machine can help to begin public discussions about these unavoidable accidents that might develop trust. “We need to come up with a social consensus,” she says, “about which risks we are willing to take.”

1. Why is it difficult to set universal moral rules for programming self-driving cars?

A．Social values always change with the times.

B．Moral choices vary between different cultures.

C．Drivers have a preference for sacrificing the weak.

D．Car makers are faced with decisions of life or death.

2. The researchers conducted the study by_____.

A．using a massive online quiz worldwide

B．comparing different cultures and customs

C．dividing the respondents into three groups

D．performing a series of controlled experiments

3. According to the study, in which country are drivers more likely to hit a pedestrian crossing the road illegally?

A．Nigeria	B．Colombia
C．Finland	D．Indonesia

4. Barbara Wege would probably agree that _____.

A．Self-driving cars will greatly improve the traffic environment

B．Accidents caused by self-driving cars might receive more attention

C．Problems involving self-driving cars might shake the public trust in society

D．Car makers needn’t take the risk of solving self-driving car ethical dilemmas

6 . I was coming back home late at night in a “Sharing” minivan. In Hyderabad, India, it is a cheap and quick means of transport. The van drivers ply (揽客) as many as 13 people at times in a vehicle which is designed for the transport of 8 people. Our van was ________ as well. People were getting off and on at many places.

On the journey, one girl signaled the driver to ________. While getting down, she tripped and

_____. None of us noticed it, as it was ________. The driver was waiting for her to pay. It was

_____ that we saw the girl was on her knees by the side of the road. Another passenger and I got

_____ and held her up.

Even in pain, the girl held up a note and asked us to ________ the driver. The other passenger took the note and paid the driver. My stop was a few hundred meters away. I decided to stay with her till she was ________. I paid the driver for myself and he took off with other passengers.

I neither knew ________ nor did I know what to do, ________ I was there, saying some comforting words to a stranger in ________. I asked her to stand still for a few minutes. We then looked for a place for her to sit. From out of nowhere, her friend joined us.

We made her sit in a nearby lawn and her friend rushed to get a(n) ________. In the meantime, she examined her leg and her ankle had swollen up (肿胀). It looked like a minor sprain (较小的扭伤). Once her friend came back, they took the taxi and rushed to a ________. Before they left, the girl thanked me and said they could ________ as it was only a minor sprain.

I do not know if I did enough. But I feel I gave some ________ to her in a small way.

1.

A．crowded

B．old

C．damaged

D．slow

2.

A．wait

B．leave

C．come

D．stop

3.

A．turned

B．fell

C．jumped

D．sat

4.

A．early

B．cold

C．dark

D．quiet

5.

A．then

B．now

C．here

D．there

6.

A．up

B．down

C．in

D．back

7.

A．thank

B．tell

C．pay

D．warn

8.

A．calm

B．happy

C．ready

D．fine

9.

A．him

B．her

C．them

D．it

10.

A．but

B．so

C．as

D．though

11.

A．danger

B．surprise

C．horror

D．pain

12.

A．policeman

B．doctor

C．taxi

D．ambulance

13.

A．shop

B．clinic

C．restaurant

D．school

14.

A．manage

B．struggle

C．recover

D．settle

15.

A．belief

B．advice

C．joy

D．comfort

7 . China is a land of bicycles. At least it was back in 1992 when I traveled the country. Back then everyone seemed to be riding a bicycle. Millions of them, all black. Cars were rare. Yet since my arrival in Beijing last year, I’ve found the opposite is true. There are millions of cars. However, people still use their bicycles to get around. For many, it’s the easiest and cheapest way to travel today. Bicycles also come in different colors --- silver, green, red, blue, yellow, whatever you want.

It’s fun watching people biking. They rush quickly through crossroads, move skillfully through traffic, and ride even on sidewalks. Bicycles allow people the freedom to move about that cars just can’t provide.

Eager to be part of this aspect of Chinese culture, I decided to buy a bicycle. Great weather accompanied my great buy. I immediately jumped up on my bicycle seat and started home.

My first ride home was orderly (守秩序的). To be safe, I stayed with a “pack” of bikers while cars on the streets came running swiftly out of nowhere at times. I didn’t want to get hit. So I took the ride carefully.

Crossing the streets was the biggest problem. It was a lot like crossing a major highway back in the United States. The streets here were wide, so crossing took time, skill and a little bit of luck.

I finally made it home. The feeling on the bicycle was amazing. The air hitting my face and going through my hair was wonderful. I was sitting on top of the world as I passed by places and people. Biking made me feel alive.

1. According to the author, why are bicycles still popular in China today?

A．Because they are traditional and safe.

B．Because they are convenient and inexpensive.

C．Because they are colorful and available.

D．Because they are fast and environment friendly.

2. The author decided to buy a bicycle because he intended __________.

A．to ride it for fun	B．to use it for transport
C．to experience local culture	D．to improve his riding skills

3. How did the author feel about his street crossing？

A．It was boring.	B．It was difficult.
C．It was lively.	D．It was wonderful.

4. Which of the following best describes the author’s biking experience

A．The author enjoyed showing off his biking skills.

B．The author was annoyed by the air while riding.

C．The author was praised by the other bikers.

D．The author took great pleasure in biking.