1 . The Australian National University (ANU) and an Australian start-up, Lunaria One, are teaming up to grow plants on the moon together, as early as 2025. Lunari a One’s ALEPH project is an early step toward growing plants for food, medicine and oxygen production. However, the problem is that the moon is like a desert (沙漠). There’s no life there, only dust, rocks and water.
“Space provides a unique opportunity to study how to grow plants in extreme environments,” said ANU Associate Professor Caitlin Byrt. “The extreme conditions that the Earth is facing because of climate change present challenges for how we manage food security in the future. Having controlled environments can create the ability to rapidly grow plants after natural disasters or events caused by climate change. So this project is important. If you can create a system for growing plants on the moon, then you can create a system for growing food in some of the most challenging environments on Earth.”
As to what plants to be grown on the moon researchers are still deciding, but one of the front runners under consideration is Tripogon loliiformis, a kind of Australian native (本土的) grass that can live in extreme conditions and survive for months without water. According to a plant biologist, even after losing more than 95 per cent of its relative water content, the dead-looking grass remains alive and continues to grow when provided with water. Whatever plants are selected, they will be transported to the moon in a dry and sleeping state and will come to life upon watering.
The ship will take off in 2025. Upon arrival, pictures and videos will be sent back to Earth over a 72-hour period and will be publicly accessible (可得到的). “The ALEPH project aims to make the science and engineering behind growing life on the moon open to people. And we hope to get everyone involved (参与的) and listen to their opinions. If you’re interested in the project, you can get all the necessary information from our website,” said Lauren Fell, the director of Lunaria One.
1. What does the second paragraph mainly tell us?| A．The methods of growing plants in space. | B．The challenges of growing plants after disasters. |
| C．The value of growing plants on the moon. | D．The need to grow food for a growing population. |
| A．It can produce young plants fast. | B．It can live with little water. |
| C．It is the most common grass in Australia. | D．It can naturally wake up from a sleeping state. |
| A．Supportive. | B．Shocked. | C．Negative. | D．Worried. |
| A．Plants are on the moon for the first time |
| B．How to care for plants in extreme environments? |
| C．Why can this Australian native grass grow in space? |
| D．A space project aims to grow plants on the moon |
增加: 在缺词处加一个漏字符号(^), 并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除: 把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。
修改: 在错的词下划一横线, 并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意: 1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;
2. 只允许修改10处, 多者(从第11处起)不计分。
With the development of economy, I have to face variey pressures. I don’t have enough time of attend to the old in my family. In order to reduce the pressure, I want the household robot to help me in the future.
I hope the household robot can take care of the old. It can cook meals at a fixing time, that can be adjusted according to individual needs. It can also accompany old people in having a chat, playing chess and doing the exercise. Beside, it can deal with emergencies. For example, if an old man fall ill suddenly, the robot will call doctors of help. It can help me to do some cleaning.
I think it would be great help for me if I own such a robot and I will live comfortable.
3 . If you ask something of ChatGPT, an artificial-intelligence(AI) tool, you may immediately get the responses, completely certain and often wrong. The questions raised by technologies like ChatGPT cause much more tentative answers. But they are ones that managers ought to start asking.
One issue is how to deal with employees’ concerns about job security. Worries are natural. An AI that makes it easier to process your expenses is one thing; an AI that people would prefer to sit next to at a dinner party quite another. Being clear about how workers would redirect time and energy that is freed up by an AI helps foster acceptance. So does creating a sense of agency: research conducted by MIT Sloan Management Review and the Boston Consulting Group found that an ability to override an AI makes employees more likely to use it.
Arthur Jago of the University of Washington and Glenn Carroll of the Stanford Graduate School of Business investigate how willing people are to give rather than earn credit—specifically for work that someone did not do on their own. They showed volunteers something attributed to a specific person — an artwork, say, or a business plan — and then revealed that it had been created either with the help of an algorithm or with the help of human assistants. Everyone gave less credit to producers when they were told they had been helped, but this effect was more pronounced for work that involved human assistants.
The picture that emerges from such research is messy. It is also dynamic: just as technologies evolve, so will attitudes. But it is crystal-clear on one thing. The impact of ChatGPT and other AIs will depend not just on what they can do, but also on how they make people feel.
1. What should managers take into consideration when using technologies like ChatGPT?| A．Skills used for them. | B．Issues caused by them. |
| C．Accuracy ensured in them. | D．Alternatives discovered for them. |
| A．They find it can make their work more complicated. |
| B．They think it is a threat for AI to replace them at work. |
| C．They consider it’s normal for AI to finish all their work. |
| D．They feel it’s vital for them to acknowledge its abilities. |
| A．They thought little of it. | B．They were unaware of it. |
| C．They spoke highly of it. | D．They felt envious about it. |
| A．The limitation of AI. | B．The importance of Chat GPT |
| C．The relationship between AI and humans. | D．The practical application of Chat GPT. |
4 . Li Zixuan is a junior middle school student. He is now studying in Grade 9. He has had many dreams since he was little. But as time goes by, some new dreams have appeared and some old ones have disappeared. However, only one dream is still in his mind.
Li Zixuan says that when he was a child, he heard about rockets and spaceships. At first, he didn’t know what they were. From his father, he knew that scientists made rockets to carry things into space, and spaceships were used to carry people through space. From then on, he has had a real interest in space. Every time he sees beautiful stars and the moon in the sky at night, he gets very excited. He is always dreaming that he can fly to space to look at the earth one day. His mother knows about his dream and often encourages him.
In school, Li Zixuan learned that the first man flew into space in 1961 and later, more astronauts succeeded in traveling into space. Some astronauts even landed on the moon. His teacher always encourages him to learn more. He knows not everyone has a chance to travel into space. More importantly, before he can fly to space, he must be trained specially.
Li Zixuan knows it’s not easy to achieve his dream, but he decides to try his best. He says I’ve had this dream for many years. It has brought me a lot of joy and always gives me power. Even if it doesn’t come true in the end, I won’t be sorry.”
1. What does the boy want to be when he grows up?| A．A scientist. | B．A pilot. | C．An engineer. | D．An astronaut. |
| A．His father. | B．His mother. | C．His teacher. | D．His friend. |
| A．Study very hard. | B．Get a driving license. |
| C．Do exercise every day. | D．Get some special training. |
| A．Dreams of a Boy | B．The Love of a Father |
| C．An Excellent Hobby | D．An Unusual Experience |
5 . Are you interested in robot-science? What do you think robots are capable of? Let’s have a review of world-leading technology gathered at the World Robot Conference (WRC) 2022.
Technology in agriculture
A fruit-picking robot attracted visitors’ attention. With the help of various sensors and an AI system, the robot can collect fruit according to its ripeness, quality and size. The robot first locates the fruit and then uses sensors to decide whether it is ripe, with a robotic arm picking the fruit gently. The fruit is then categorized, ending up in a basket according to its size. It is said that more robotic technology will be used in agriculture in the future, including robots for daily inspection and weeding.
Robots fighting Covid-19
Medical staff conducting nucleic acid tests often find their work toilsome, especially under the summer heat. A nucleic acid test robot developed by Tsinghua University and a Chinese biotech company was presented at the WRC. It looks like a vending machine, but the robot can collect throat swabs (拭子), process samples, as well as produce and upload the results within 45 minutes. The whole process will not require the involvement of humans or laboratories.
Inventions of the youth
Those visiting the exhibit also witnessed the intelligence of a new generation. Wang Zirun, a junior student at the school, designed a three-dimensional parking facility model. Since there are usually too few parking spaces in older residential areas, Wang’s work aims to fit more cars into current parking spots. The facility works like a sky wheel with six parking spots. When cars need to be picked up, the facility rotates steadily, placing the car on the ground.
1. Where is the text probably taken from?| A．A travel brochure. |
| B．A technology textbook. |
| C．A science magazine. |
| D．A product advertisement. |
| A．To save building materials. |
| B．To prevent cars from being stolen. |
| C．To increase ground parking spaces. |
| D．To make the most of limited space. |
| A．Both the fruit-picking robot and the nucleic acid test robot can save manpower. |
| B．The WRC is intended to inspire the intelligence of a young generation. |
| C．All the inventions mentioned have been put into practical use. |
| D．Human can be replaced by the robot in the future. |
1.封控时间和原因；
2.居家生活状况；
3.网课时光。
注意：1.词数100左右；
2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
3.参考词汇：新冠疫情the Covid-19 pandemic；封控on lockdown。
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7 . Have you ever dreamed of traveling to space? With many developments in space travel, you may soon be able to book a ticket.
The International Space Station (ISS) welcomed the first all-private team of astronauts on April 9. The four-man team made a flight hailed by NASA as a milestone (里程碑) in commercial spaceflight.
Fly me to the moon
Japanese billionaire Yusaku Maezawa, 46, has invited eight members of the public to join him for a trip around the moon with the help of Elon Musk’s SpaceX company.
Living in space hotel
Instead of squeezing (挤) into a space cabin (太空舱), how about enjoying your time in a hotel?
Short space trip
While some people may like to stay in space for a long time, others may prefer to simply have a taste. Tickets for a 90-minute journey have been on sale to the public since Feb 16.
| A．The short space trip has appealed to some people. |
| B．It will climb to reach the edge of the atmosphere. |
| C．There are also many other space travel choices available. |
| D．It will rotate (旋转) to create artificial gravity. |
| E．The mission will take three days to fly to the moon and then orbit. |
| F．The world’s first space hotel is due to start construction in 2025. |
| G．The mission will enjoy the views of Earth. |
8 . More schools around the USA are using online classes when communities run into troubles like wildfires, storms or water shortages.
In Jackson, Mississippi, a problem with the public water system left the city without safe water for several days. As a result, schools had to go online for one week in May. The time in online learning did not last long for the 20, 000 students in Jackson. Earlier this month, children went back to in-person learning when the city said water was safe for normal use.
However, online learning caused problems for children and teachers. At home, children attending online classes often had their whole family in the house. Early in 2020, school officials had high hopes for online learning. Since then, the problems with it have become clearer. The change to online learning has caused many students to fall behind where they should be in their studies. And it has added to new worries about students’ health.
In 2018, two powerful storms hit the same area, causing schools in some places to close. Some students were out of school for weeks. There were attempts(尝试) at online learning, but many children did not have laptop computers or other technology. For this reason, most schools tried to move students to other in-person buildings.
“Schools now will look first to online learning,” said Gary Henry. He is head of the University of Delaware and has been part of a research team studying online learning. For a period of a few weeks, he said it could be a step to keep students on schedule. But the pandemic(疫情) showed that it was not a good way over a long period of time. “It’s a difficult start,” said Henry. “It’s better to have the kids in the classroom so you can see how they are doing, and provide timely support to them.”
1. How long did the students in Jackson attend online courses in May?| A．For two days. | B．For one week. |
| C．For two weeks. | D．For one month. |
| A．The disadvantages of online classes. |
| B．Added worries about students’ health. |
| C．A challenge school officials must face. |
| D．High hopes parents have for their children. |
| A．They developed an online learning system. |
| B．They handed out computers to every student. |
| C．They tried their best to have in-person class. |
| D．They encouraged parents to work from home. |
| A．The storms cause all the schools to close every year. |
| B．Many schools in Mississippi were burned in a fire. |
| C．Online tests are more popular among students. |
| D．In-person learning is better for students’ study. |
9 . Outer space is getting spicier, thanks to a new NASA initiative to add a little more flavor to astronauts’ diets.
Astronauts aboard the International Space Station (ISS) are growing red and green chile peppers for the very first time. A team of researchers at the Kennedy Space Center planted 48 seeds in a device called a science carrier, which has clay for roots to grow in and a specially formulated controlled-release fertilizer. The device fixes into the Advanced Plant Habitat, one of three plant growth rooms onboard.
“The APH is the largest plant growth facility on the space station and has180 sensors and controls for monitoring plant growth and the environment,” said project manager Nicole Dufour. “It is a diverse growth room, and it allows us to help control the experiment from Kennedy, reducing the time astronauts spend tending to the crops.”
The peppers will spend about four months growing before they can be harvested and eaten, marking the first time astronauts have cultivated peppers on the station from seeds to maturity.
“It is one of the most complex plant experiments on the station to date because of the long germination and growing times,” said Matt Romeyn. “We have previously tested flowering to increase the chance for a successful harvest because astronauts will have to pollinate the peppers to grow fruit.” Researchers will monitor the growth of the peppers and compare them with a control group on Earth.
“The challenge is the ability to feed crews in low-Earth orbit, and then to sustain explorers during future missions beyond low-Earth orbit to destinations including the Moon and eventually to Mars,” Romeyn said. “We are limited to crops that don’t need storage, or extensive processing.”
“This is important because the food astronauts eat needs to be as good as the rest of the equipment. To successfully send people to Mars and bring them back to Earth, we will not only require the most nutritious foods, but the best tasting ones as well.”
1. What does the first sentence sound?| A．Magical. | B．Humorous. | C．Romantic. | D．Scientific. |
| A．are mainly growing in a water tank | B．grow under the monitor of phones |
| C．don’t need fertilizer to grow well | D．are being looked after by people on Earth |
| A．By getting the peppers pollinated. | B．By recording the peppers’ growth. |
| C．By watering the peppers on time. | D．By keeping the growing room warm. |
| A．To solve the food problem on Earth. | B．To prepare plants’ growth in other planets. |
| C．To cultivate crops of no extensive processing. | D．To enrich astronauts’ diets on further destinations. |
Zhai and his crewmates have spent 183 days in an orbit about 400 kilometers above the Earth since their Shenzhou ⅫⅠ spacecraft
