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文章大意:本文是一篇说明文。文章简要介绍了美国邮政的发展历程。

1 . Over the course of more than 250 years, the US Postal Service has gone through many changes, including switching its focus from newspapers to package delivery service.

In the early 1830s, the Postal Service focused on delivering newspapers to keep Americans informed and connected. To keep newspaper subscriptions cheap and accessible, the Postal Service charged high prices for letter postage as much as a full-day’s wages. In order to help the expansion of the passenger transportation network in the new nation, the agency often shared the letter delivery with stagecoach lines. Later, it did the same for private steamboats and railroads, even airlines

But the competition for the letter delivery became so fierce that a wave of laws between 1845 and 1851 made the Postal Service the only letter-carrier and set aside an annual budget to support the agency. Helped by lowered rates, letters soon became the agency’s main business.

In 1863, the Postal Service began to experiment with home delivery, instead of just carrying letters from post office to post office. By the dawn of the 20th century, even remote farmers’ letters were dropped into their mailboxes. Since then, home delivery has become a “universal public service (UPS)” that every American deserves to receive at a low price.

By the early 20th century, the Postal Service had set a four-pound limit on mail: Anything heavier was supposed to be left to private companies. But the four largest private carriers secretly cooperated to charge confusing and often terribly high rates. In 1913, the Postal Service eventually took the parcel (包裹) service away from the private carriers.

Now the Postal Service’s only growing business is package delivery fed by the online shopping addictions. Since it is required by law to visit every household six days a week, the Postal Service now offers cheap rates to private companies like Amazon and FedEx to deliver their goods to our doorsteps. However, most Americans think that it is unfair to use taxpayer’s money to help such big private companies to deliver their goods.

1. What can we learn from the second paragraph?
A.Letter delivery was once a very profitable business.
B.The US was well connected by airlines in the 1820s.
C.The Postal Service charged high prices for newspapers.
D.In the 1830s. Americans had free access to newspapers.
2. What was the Postal Service’s main business in the 1850s?
A.Goods transportation.B.Letter delivery.
C.Newspaper subscriptions.D.Parcel services.
3. Why is it unfair for private companies to use the Postal Service to deliver their goods?
A.The private companies often charge terribly high rates.
B.The online-shoppers cannot receive their parcels on time.
C.The Postal Service usually leaves parcels in the local post offices.
D.The “UPS” is originally designed for non-commercial home delivery.
4. What is the best title for the text?
A.The Problems of the US Postal Service
B.The Postal Service’s Roles in the US History
C.A Brief History of the US Postal Service
D.The Main Functions of the US Postal Service

2 . It's   been a decade since the launch of Airbnb and Uber, now considered a part of life for many people booking trips and journeys. In that time, several boat sharing apps have been working hard to regulate how people rent boats or book activities on the water.

Many of them have a similar business model to Airbnb, where customers rent boats directly from owners. GetMyBoat is the market leader with over 130,000 boats. The founders had the idea when they were sailing in the Atlantic and noticed that large numbers of boats were unused.

The company has grown from having a presence primarily in the lop boating cities in the US to having boats available in 9 ,300 destinations across 184 countries. Since it first started, GetMyBoat has sent over 120,000 people out boating. This year, it is projecting to send 65 ,000 people out on the water, a dramatic increase from the 53 people who booked a boat in its first year back in 2013.

US competitors include Boatsetter, which has 25 ,000 boats available across the world. Parisian- based Click&Boal has 30,000 boats globally and in the Mediterranean, Samboat is a major player with 25 ,000 boats.

It's an obvious win for boat owners who are looking for ways to minimize (使最小化)the cost of owning a boat by renting it out. And modern technology means that the boat can find nearby customers without being registered to a specific boating agency as in the past.

Safety issues are very important. Boatbound failed after a customer lost a leg in an accident because the company didn't require that people hire captains with the boats, something that its competitors do.

The market is changing in that fewer people are seeking to buy their own boats, while the number of people who want to experience boating is growing. This new market is allowing people to search for and book water experiences that offer something new.

1. What impressed the founders of GetMyBoat during their sailing in the Atlantic?
A.The wide use of Airbnb.
B.The popularity of water activities.
C.The large quantity of unused boats.
D.The large number of boats in the world.
2. How does the author explain GetMyBoat's business development?
A.By listing numbers.
B.By making comparison.
C.By following the time order.
D.By referring to its founders' words.
3. Why did Boatbound go downhill?
A.Because the company couldn't find ways to minimize the cost of owning a boat.
B.Because the competitors lay too much pressure on Boatbound.
C.Because the company was in lack of modern technology.
D.Because of a safely accident resulting from the company's carelessness.
4. What contributes to the boat sharing trend?
A.Few people can afford their own boats.
B.More people want to experience boating.
C.Few boat owners refuse cost-cutting offers.
D.More people have free time to try new things.
2020-11-18更新 | 87次组卷 | 1卷引用:安徽省“江淮十校”2021届高三第二次质量检测英语试题
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3 . The University of Sheffield


Back to its origin

The University of Sheffield is a research university in the city of Sheffield in South Yorkshire, England. It is one of the original “red brick” universities, which are a group of top and famous old universities. The University of Sheffield was originally formed by the combination of three colleges. The Sheffield School of Medicine was founded in 1828, followed in 1879 by the opening of Firth College by Mark Firth, a steel manufacturer (制造商), to teach arts and science subjects. Firth College then helped to provide money for the opening of the Sheffield Technical School in 1884 to teach applied science. In 1897 the three institutions were joined together to form the University College of Sheffield, which in turn became the University of Sheffield by Royal Charter (特许) in 1905. This university is famous for its good education and boasts a number of Nobel Prize winners among its former students.


More information

System:   The University has five departments: Arts and Humanities; Engineering; Pure Science; Social Sciences;   Medicine,   Dentistry   and   Health.   Sheffield   also   has   many   research   programs   in   fields   including aerospace, environmental science, psychology, and biology.

City show: Sheffield is a lively city in the north of England. Sheffield is known as the greenest city in Europe because of its 2 million trees. As a result, there are many parks and woods throughout the city and beyond. Sheffield is the greenest city in England with 150 woodlands and 50 public parks within the city. Once, in Sheffield, the folk hero—Robin Hood lived in Sherwood Forest with 150 of his loyal friends. And Charlotte Bronte, the English writer noted for her novel Jane Eyre was born in Sheffield.

1. Sheffield is in the of England.
A.eastB.west
C.southD.north
2. Which statement about the University of Sheffield is not TRUE?
A.It has a good fame for many great graduates.
B.It has a long history of more than 180 years.
C.It is one member of “red brick” universities.
D.It owns different departments and research programs.
3. What can we infer from the text?
A.Sheffield has very beautiful scenery.
B.Charlotte Bronte is an English writer.
C.Sheffield is the biggest city of England.
D.Robin Hood is a character in Jane Eyre.
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