1 . Arbeia Roman Fort and Museum

Location and History

Arbeia Roman Fort is situated on Hadrian's Wall. It was the most important structure built by the Romans in Britain, and now it has been a World Heritage Site. Built around AD 160, Arbeia Roman Fort was the military supply base for the soldiers who were stationed along Hadrian's Wall. The fort has been gradually uncovered and some original parts have been revealed. There are reconstructions that show how Arbeia Roman Fort would have looked.

The Reconstructions

The reconstructions of the Commanding Officer's house and soldiers' quarters are strikingly different. The accommodation for soldiers is dark and uncomfortable, while the Commanding Officer's house is spacious and luxurious, with courtyards with fountains for him and his family to enjoy.

The Museum

Visit the museum and see many objects that were found at Arbeia. They are historically important and show what daily life was really like at that time. You will see weapons, tools, jewellery, and so on. You can also discover how the Romans buried their dead and see tombstones which survive to this day. There is a "hands-on" area allowing visitors to dig on a certain site and study their findings with the help of museum staff. You can piece together pottery (陶器), or try writing just as the Romans would have done. For children, they can build this Roman fort with building blocks by themselves.

Opening Times and Getting There April 1—October 31: Monday to Saturday 10:00am—5:00pm, Sunday 2:00pm—5:00pm. November 1—March 31: Monday to Saturday 11:00am—4:00pm, closed Sunday. (Closed December 25—26 and January 1) Entry is free. Arbeia is only a ten—minute walk from the bus station at South Shields. Free car park nearby. Website: www.twmuseums.org.uk/arbeia

1. According to the passage, Arbeia Roman Fort ________.

A．was related to the military	B．got reconstructions around AD 160
C．was built in a small area in Rome	D．provided a comfortable life for soldiers

2. What can visitors do in the museum?

A．See historical objects.	B．Build tombstones for the dead.
C．Write to Romans,	D．Try using old tools and weapons.

3. What time does Arbeia Roman Fort close?

A．On April 1.	B．On October 31.
C．On November 1.	D．On December 26.

2 . 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Du Fu was a Chinese poet and politician of the Tang Dynasty. Along with Li Bai, he is     1       （frequent） called the greatest of the Chinese poets.     2    （bear） into a scholarly family, Du Fu received a     3    （tradition） Confucian education but failed in the imperial examinations of 735. As a result, he     4    （spend） much of his youth traveling. During his travels he was recognized as a poet and met other poets of the period,     5     （include） the great Li Bai. He had a strong     6     （admire） for this older, freewheeling contemporary.

Du Fu's early poetry celebrated the beauty of the natural world and bemoaned （惋惜）the passage of time. He soon began to write about war—as in “Bingche   xing”・ And with hidden satire （讽刺）9 he wrote “Liren xing",     7     speaks of the luxury （奢侈） of the court. As he matured, and especially during     8     chaotic period of 755 to 759, his poems began to sound a note of sympathy for humanity caught in the senseless war.

Du Fu's irreplaceable position in the history of Chinese literature     9     （rest） on his superb classicism。. He was an expert     10     all poetic styles current in his day, and his mastery was at its height in the lvshi, or "regulated verse”.

3 . The World Heritage application of the ancient Tea Horse Road, jointly carried out by China, Mongolia and Russia, will serve as an example for international cooperation, according to Sergey Kalashnikov, chairman of Russia International Cooperation Association.

The cooperation among China, Mongolia and Russia on this application process will not only promote the cultural and economic development of the countries, provinces, cities and counties along the ancient Tea Horse Road but also provide new perspectives for international cooperation on culture, technology and trade, Sergey said.

Sergey made the remarks at a forum on the application process which was held in the city of Wuyishan in East China's Fujian province on Sunday. Attendees of the forum include scholars from China, Mongolia and Russia, as well as representatives from cities along the road.

The ancient Tea Horse Road, which dates back to the 17th century, was a network of ancient trade routes that came into being after the Silk Road. Starting from the Wuyi Mountain, it passed through Chinese provinces including Jiangxi, Hunan, Hubei, Henan, Hebei and Shanxi and Inner Mongolia autonomous region, and extended to Mongolia and Russia, stretching about 13,000 km and boosting the development of more than 200 cities along the way.

The heritage along the ancient Tea Horse Road includes ancient tea gardens, tea-making techniques, ports and intangible cultural heritage. The ancient Tea Horse Road was inscribed on the "World Heritage Tentative List in China" in March 2019.

1. The cooperation on the application will bring the following benefits EXCEPT:

A．Presenting the cultural development.

B．Promoting the economic development.

C．Developing new perspectives for international cooperation.

D．Providing new platform to strengthen friendship among the countries.

2. Which of the following statement is true?

A．The Silk Road can date back to the 17th century.

B．Wuyishan is where the Tea Horse Road started

C．The Tea Horse Road came into being before the Silk Road

D．There are about 200cities along the Tea Horse Road

3. What is the best title for the passage?

A．The Tea Horse Road.

B．The silk Road.

C．A successful cooperation.

D．The World Heritage application.

4 . 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。

A great    1    (achieve) was made in 1953. Edmund Hillary and Tenzing Norgay climbed to the top of Mount Everest    2    (successful) at 11: 30 am, on May 29. They became the first people    3    (reach)the peak of Mount Everest.

Edmund Hillary was a New Zealand mountaineer, explorer and philanthropist, and Tenzing Norgay was a Nepali-Indian Sherpa mountaineer. Both of them were part of the    4    (nine) British expedition(探险)to Everest    5    (lead) by John Hunt in 1953. For this expedition, Hunt selected a group of people who were    6    (experience) in climbing mountains. In the group, Edmund Hillary    7    (select) from New Zealand, and Tenzing Norgay was actually from India where he lived. Before climbing, the expedition had been organized and planned for months. They made 9 camps on their way up, some of    8    have been still used by climbers up to now The first team made    9    to the place which was just 300 feet below the peak, and they left on May 26. They actually had already reached the point that no man had reached before. They were forced to leave because of the bad weather and besides, there were problems    10    their oxygen tank, too.

5 . Daban town is famous for girls and windmills, while Loulan is a myth (神话) in the desert. Two thousand years ago, beside the beautiful Luobu Lake, there lay Loulan ancient city of the Silk Road. Businessmen from every country gathered here and there were lots of dancing parties. Everything shows that people in Loulan lived a rich life then.

However, two thousand years later, this rich land suddenly disappeared from the map of China. It became an area covered with sand and dead tree trunks.

Loulan was first “discovered” by a Swedish man named Sven Hedin in 1900, and people from America, Britain, Japan and Sweden all set foot here. Then in the 1930s, a Chinese named Huang Wenbi came to Loulan for the first time. He visited and studied this area and found many relics that were beautifully and carefully made. It is recorded that the ancient city of Loulan was the capital of the Loulan Kingdom during the Han and Jin Dynasties, and covered an area of some 10,000 square kilometres. Inside the city, there are the ruins of government offices, temples and other old buildings. Outside the city there are some dried­up rivers and much farmland. In the past century many things have been dug up there including Han Dynasty coins, mirrors and many others of Greek and Roman times. All these things show that a lot of business between the East and the West once took place there.

Lying on the northwest of the Lop Nur area, the Loulan Kingdom is now a lifeless area with endless “forests” of mounds (小丘) which aren't easily seen in other parts of the world. Its mystery has been attracting many people from many countries.

1. The first person setting foot in Loulan in the 20th century was ________.

A．a European	B．an American
C．a Chinese	D．a Japanese

2. Before Loulan disappeared, ________.

A．there was no government in that area

B．people from America and Japan had been there

C．a lifeless area with lots of mounds could be easily seen there

D．much business between the East and the West had taken place there

3. What can be inferred from the text?

A．Loulan was destroyed by the terrible weather there.

B．Wars between the countries made Loulan disappear.

C．Too many people gathered in Loulan and destroyed it.

D．How Loulan ancient city disappeared is still unknown to us.

4. What makes so many people visit the Loulan Kingdom now?

A．Its pretty girls.

B．Its developing business.

C．Its mystery.

D．Its beautiful scenery.

6 . 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。
1. How did the servants deal with their earnings in Victorian times?

A．They paid for the housing.

B．They bought food and clothes.

C．They sent them to their families.

2. What was a nurse’s main duty?

A．Cooking meals.

B．Looking after children.

C．Educating children.

3. How did the Victorian upper class parents treat their children actually?

A．Cruelly.

B．Kindly.

C．Strictly.

4. What will the speaker talk about next?

A．Lower class families.

B．Upper class children’s situation.

C．Comparisons between upper and lower classes.

7 . 阅读下面材料, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或用括号内单词的正确形式（不多于3个单词）填空。

Frederick William Ⅰ，the King of Prussia, could never have imagined that his     1    (great) gift to the Russian people would have such an     2    (amaze) history. Actually, the Amber Room was designed     3    the palace of Frederick Ⅰ. The room     4     (make) of several tons of amber. But the next King of Prussia decided to give it to the Russian people as a gift of friendship.    5    return, the Czar sent a troop of his best     6    (soldier) to the Prussia. So the Amber Room became part of the Czar's winter palace in St Petersburg. It served as a small     7    (receive) hall for important visitors. Later, Catherine Ⅱ had it     8     (move) to a palace where she spent her summers. Before the Nazis got to the summer palace, the Russians were able to remove some furniture and small art objects from the Amber Room. Some of the Nazis secretly     9     (steal) the room itself. After that,    10    happened to the Amber Room remains a mystery. Recently, the Russians and Germans have built a new Amber Room by studying old photos of the former one.

8 . The American Craftsman style is a type of design. It was popular from 1900 to the 1930s. It changed the style of building in the United States.

The craftsman style originally began in Europe. The British Arts and Crafts style arose in the 1860s. The unique designs of this movement tried to offer dignity to the common person. Handmade items were preferred because they were thought better than items that were mass-produced. But this British style was still Victorian. It still only served the wealthiest clients.

In 1897 a group of Boston architects brought these handcrafted styles to American. They planned a show of craft objects, which turned out to be a huge success. Here they realized the potential and established the Society of Arts and Crafts on June 28, 1897. Its slogan was “to develop and encourage higher standards in the handicrafts.”

The American style began as the Victorian Era was ending. It emphasized handmade work. Originality and simplicity were highly valued. Local materials and the quality of the handicraft were very important. these traits were meant to dignify the modest homes of the middle class.

These simple designs used glass and wood that were produced locally. They were also very elegant. The metalwork was a reaction to Victorian Opulence. The increase of mass-produced housing items was rejected. The American Craftsman used clean lines. It also relied on sturdy structure. Natural materials were always used in these houses if possible.

This style introduced many changes to the average American home. New designs were made for families without servants. This was a trait of the new middle class. The kitchen went form being a hidden room to a prominent one. Another development was the breakfast nook. This new area provided the family with a place to gather at any time of day.

Also, inspirational to the Craftsman style were the Shaker and Mission designs. The American Craftsman style led to the Art Deco Movement of the 1930s.

1. According to the passage, the American Craftsman style is a type of ________.

A．Shaker and Mission design

B．house made for families with servants

C．design which was popular from 1900 to the 1930s

D．breakfast nook

2. According to Para. 6, all the following are true about the American Craftsman style EXCEPT________.

A．The breakfast nook provided the family with a place to gather.

B．The kitchen became a more prominent room.

C．This style did not make any changes to the middle-class American home.

D．Houses were designed for a new middle class with no servants.

3. The word opulence in the passage is closest in meaning to ________.

A．richness	B．greed
C．ugliness	D．distaste