“Cold the iron chains spanning over the Dadu River,” Chairman Mao Zedong wrote in a poem, describing the do-or-die battle which took place on the Luding Bridge. The Bridge,
Over 80 years ago, the bridge was crucial to the survival of the CPC-led Red Army during the Long March because if the soldiers had failed to dash through the Luding Bridge then, the Red Army might have been wiped out. Upon their
Probably never before had people seen fighters like these-men for whom soldiering was not just a rice bowl,
The Grand Canal (大运河) is the oldest and longest man-made waterway in the world with a history of more than 2,500 years,
The canal functioned
In 2014, it was listed as a UNESCO world heritage site. In 2019 China issued a plan
3 . In 1937, the aggression of the Japanese army brought disaster to China’s three great universities: Peking University and Tsinghua University were occupied by Japanese troops, while Nankai University was completely destroyed by bombing. To save their educational and intellectual heritage, the three universities joined together in Kunming as National Southwest Associated University, otherwise known as Lianda.
Professors and students alike in the three universities made an epic journey over a distance of more than 2,000 kilometres, most of them on foot. Their bed was the dusty road and their roof was the open sky, often lit up by exploding Japanese bombs. Conditions were little better once they reached the remote and mountainous south-west part of China.
However, despite the immense hardships and the daunting challenges, it was right in this place, over period of eight long years, that the nation’s intellectual heritage was not only guarded but fortified by the passion and belief of the worthy academic s of Lianda.
With the country at war, students at Lianda were not going to shirk their duty. Driven by a sense of commitment, a great many joined the army to resist the Japanese invaders and defend the honour of the nation. In fact, Lianda provided the largest number of student-soldiers from any campus in China. Of the thousands of college students from all over China who served as interpreters, one tenth were from Lianda, including the well-known translators Zha Liangzheng and Xu Yuanchong.
A product of the war, Lianda is now physically gone. But it has become the crowning glory of China’s modern universities, not only because of its prominent professors and talented students, but also because of the school’s strong spirit of perseverance and dedication.
More than eighty years on, the priceless contribution of Lianda still needs to be reaffirmed. It has become part of the collective memory of the Chinese nation, with its spirit as the blueprint for all universities in China in the modern era.
1. What caused Lianda to be formed in Kunming?| A．Thinkers’ academic struggles. | B．Immense challenges. |
| C．Japanese aggression. | D．Educational heritage. |
| A．On foot. | B．By air. | C．By bus. | D．By bike. |
| A．A sense of personal loss. | B．A sense of trust. |
| C．A sense of achievement. | D．A sense of commitment. |
| A．Its campus remains a historical site. |
| B．This wartime system should now be re-established. |
| C．It becomes less and less important as time goes on. |
| D．Its spirit and contributions are key to China’s educational history. |
With time
Located in Guanghan city of Southwest China’s Sichuan province and covering an area of 12 square kilometers Sanxingdui Site is the remains of the ancient Shu culture. which dates back
After sleeping for 3,000 years, their awakening has shocked the world. When our eyes are
Most of the Chinatown in San Francisco
The stores in the Chinatown offer
But perhaps
Chinatowns are an important part of the
7 . A group of scientists are hurrying to document and protect the ancient ruins along Puerto Rico’s coasts. They are working as fast as they can before rising sea levels destroy a large part of the island’s history.
The work started in August 2017. With the help of 3D imaging and other advanced technologies, the scientists have explored a large piece of land along Puerto Rico’s north coast and identified an ancient ceremonial center used by the Taino Indians. About 2,000 years ago, the Tainos lived on many islands in the Caribbean Sea. But after the arrival of Christopher Columbus and other Europeans, they were all killed.
Scientists also found a large living place just east of the site, which is seriously endangered by rising sea levels and other natural disasters. Puerto Rico’s Department of Natural Resources has said the sea level around the island is rising by more than 3 mm every year,
However, climate change has more immediate effects. These include the destruction of the Puerto Rico coastline and natural habitats by storms.
Warmer temperatures in the Caribbean increase the number and strength of storms and Puerto Rico faces the possibility of storms every year for six months during the Atlantic hurricane season. Hurricane Maria had already washed away part of its history.
Scientists are now trying to find out how badly the hurricanes and loss of land have affected the heritage site they are studying. Eric Lo is an engineer who flew to Puerto Rico in August 2017 to start the project one month before Maria struck the island. Lo was surprised at what he saw when he returned months later.
“Pieces of land where I stood do not exist anymore. They are underwater,” he said.
1. What is the purpose of paragraph 1?| A．To tell us what the scientists are doing. |
| B．To explain why the scientist went to Puerto Rico’s coasts |
| C．To introduce the island’s history to readers. |
| D．To lead to the topic of the passage. |
| A．Under the Caribbean Sea. | B．In a European country. |
| C．On Puerto Rico’s north coast. | D．Along Puerto Rico’s east coast. |
| A．They were killed by the Europeans. | B．They were destroyed by Hurricane Maria. |
| C．They were driven away by the rising sea levels. | D．They were moved away by their government. |
| A．The serious damage caused by storms. | B．The plan to protect the heritage sites. |
| C．The loss of natural habitats in Puerto Rico. | D．The worsening climate conditions in the world. |
| A．The Obvious Effects of Global Climate Change |
| B．Efforts to Preserve Puerto Rico’s Coastal Heritage |
| C．New Discoveries of Ancient Taino Indians’ Ruins |
| D．Technologies Used to Identify the Ancient Ruins |
8 . Have you ever tried reading music? If so, you probably noticed a lot of new symbols and words. Maybe you saw the word presto at the beginning. Perhaps you read piano and crescendo throughout the song.
Italian is sometimes called the language that sings.
However, it wasn’t always so. Thousands of years ago, people didn’t write music. Instead, they passed songs down orally and taught each other to play them on instruments.
Around 1000 CE, an Italian man named Guido d’ Arezzo came up with the four-lined staff (四线谱), which eventually led to the development of the five-lined staff still used in modern music today. Over the next few centuries, many of the people writing music were Italian. Of course, people in other parts of the world were writing music, too. In an effort to standardize written music, many of them used Italian terms.
| A．Many think it sounds musical. |
| B．Others wrote music in their own languages. |
| C．Still, Italian is the primary language used in music. |
| D．You probably needed to ask your teacher what these words meant. |
| E．Learning to read music is an important part of practicing those skills. |
| F．People who write music even have ways to communicate techniques. |
| G．Ancient people in Babylonia, Greece, and Rome were some of the earliest to write music. |
It is well-known that the Great Wall is a symbol of China and enjoys great popularity. In c. 220 B. C., under Qin Shi Huang, sections of earlier fortifications (防御工事) were joined together
The Great Wall was
The Great Wall reflects conflicts and exchanges between
The main reason
