1 . 阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Jingdezhen porcelain(瓷器)is Chinese porcelain produced in or near Jingdezhen in southern China. Jingdezhen has produced porcelain     1     (century)ago. And the town     2    was named Jingdezhen by Emperor Zhenzong of the Northern Song Dynasty became a major kiln(窑)site around 1004.During the period, the     3    (produce)of porcelain in this area first became     4    (know).By the 14th century it had become the largest centre of producing Chinese porcelain, which remained in the following times. In the Ming Dynasty, official kilns in Jingdezhen     5    (control)by the emperor, making quality porcelain in large quantities for the emperor to give abroad as gifts. As a result, the town was     6    (close)linked to the world.

Although being a remote town in a hilly area, Jingdezhen is near the quality porcelain stone and forests which can provide plenty of wood for the kilns. It also has     7    river flowing from north to south,     8    (benefit)the transport of the fragile objects.

Jingdezhen has produced a great variety of     9     (value) porcelain. As a result, the town is famous     10     the “Porcelain Capital”. One type of its well-known high quality porcelain object is the blue and white porcelain from the 1330s.

2 . In 1826 or 1827, a Frenchman named Niépce needed pictures for his business. But he was not a good artist. So he invented a very simple camera. He put it in a window of his house and took a picture of his garden. That was the first photo.

The next important date in the history of photography（摄影术）was in 1839. That year, Daguerre, another Frenchman, took a picture of his reading room. He used a new kind of camera in a different way. In his picture you could see everything very clearly, even the smallest thing. This kind of photo was called a daguerreotype.

Soon, other people began to use Daguerre’s way. Travelers brought back wonderful photos from all around the world. People took pictures of famous buildings, cities and mountains.

In about 1840, photography was developed. Then photographers could take pictures of people and moving things. That was not simple. The photographers had to carry a lot of film and other machines. But this did not stop them. For example, some in the United States worked so hard.

Mathew Brady was a famous American photographer. He took many pictures of great people. The pictures were unusual because they were very lifelike（栩栩如生的）. Photography also became one kind of art by the end of the 19th century. Some photos were not just copies of the real world. They showed feelings, like other kinds of art.

1. The first photo take by Niépce was a picture of ________.

A．his business	B．his house
C．his garden	D．his window

2. If a photographer wanted to take pictures of moving things in 1845, what did he have to do?

A．Watch lots of films.

B．Buy an expensive camera.

C．Stop in most cities.

D．Take lots of film and machine with him.

3. What can we know about Mathew Brady?

A．He was good at painting.

B．He was famous for his unusual pictures.

C．He was an inventor.

D．He took many pictures of moving people.

4. What does the passage mainly talk about?

A．How photography was developed.

B．How to show your ideas and feelings in pictures.

C．How to take pictures in the world.

D．How to use different cameras.

3 . 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个恰当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

The Silk Road is in fact a relatively recent term. These ancient roads had no particular name until in the mid-nineteenth century, Baron Ferdinand von Richthofen    1    (name) the trade and communication network the Silk Road. Since then the term     2    (accept) globally.

In the nineteenth century, a new type of travelers stepped onto the Silk Road: archaeologists and geographers, enthusiastic explorers who were eager     3     (look) for adventure. Researchers who came from many countries traveled through the Taklamakan Desert,    4     is now in Xinjiang, to explore ancient sites along the Silk Road,     5     (lead) to many discoveries and studies, and most of all, a renewed interest     6    the history of these routes.

Today, many historic     7     (build) and monuments still stand, marking the passage of the Silk Road through hotels, ports and cities. What’s more, the long-standing legacy(遗产) of this remarkable network is reflected in    8       large number of cultures, languages, customs and religions that have developed for many years along these routes. The passage of merchants and travelers of many    9     (difference) nationalities resulted not only in commercial exchange, but in a widespread and continual process of cultural interaction.     10     (obvious), it has become a driving force in the formation(形式) of diverse societies.

4 . 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。

In much of Asia, especially the so-called “rice bowl” cultures of China, Japan, Korea,     1     Vietnam, food is usually eaten with chopsticks.

Chopsticks are usually two long, thin pieces of wood or bamboo. They can also be made of plastic, animal bone or metal. Sometimes chopsticks are quite artistic. Truly elegant chopsticks might     2     (make) of gold and silver with Chinese characters. Skilled workers also combine various hardwoods and metal     3     (create) special designs.

The Chinese have used chopsticks for five thousand years. People probably cooked their food in large pots,     4     (use) twigs (树枝) to remove it. Over time,     5     the population grew, people began cutting food into small pieces so it would cook more quickly.

Food in small pieces could be eaten easily with twigs which     6    (gradual) turned into chopsticks.

Some people think that the great Chinese scholar Confucius,     7     lived from roughly 551 to 479 B.C., influenced the     8     (develop) of chopsticks. Confucius believed knives would remind people of killings and     9     (be) too violent for use at the table.

Chopsticks are not used everywhere in Asia. In India, for example, most people traditionally eat     10     their hands.

5 . Thanksgiving Day is a special holiday in the United States and Canada. Families and friends gather to eat and give thanks for their blessing.

Thanksgiving Day is really a harvest festival.This is why it is celebrated in late fall, after the crops are in.But one of the first thanksgivings in America had nothing to do with a good harvest. On December 4,1619, the Pilgrims from England landed near what is now Charles City,   Virginia. They went down on their knees and thanked God for their safe journey across the Atlantic.

The first New England Thanksgiving did celebrate a rich harvest.The Pilgrims landed at what is now Plymouth, Massachusetts, in 1620.They had a difficult time and the first winter was cruel.Many of the Pilgrims died.But the next year, they had a good harvest. So Governor Bradford declared a three­day feast. The Pilgrims invited Indian friends to join them for their special feast.Everyone brought food.

In time, other places of the continent began to celebrate a day of thanksgiving.But it took years before there was a national Thanksgiving Day.During the Civil War, Sarah Josepha Hale persuaded Abraham Lincoln to do something about it.He announced the last Thursday of November 1863 as a day of thanksgiving.Today, Americans celebrate this happy harvest festival on the fourth Thursday in November.Canadians celebrate Thanksgiving Day in much the same way as their American neighbours. But the Canadian Thanksgiving Day falls on the second Monday in October.

1. Thanksgiving Day is celebrated ________.

A．in spring	B．in summer
C．in autumn	D．in winter

2. The first to celebrate thanksgiving were ________.

A．some people from England

B．the American Indians

C．Sarah Josepha Hale

D．Governor Bradford

3. We can infer from the passage that New England must be ________.

A．in the USA

B．in Great Britain

C．in Canada

D．on some island off the Atlantic

4. The passage mainly tells us ________.

A．how Thanksgiving Day is celebrated in the USA

B．how Thanksgiving Day came into being and the different ways it is celebrated

C．that Thanksgiving Day is in fact a harvest holiday

D．how the way to celebrate Thanksgiving Day changed with the time and places

6 . The Canadian people are made up of different national races.The first _______ settlers of the country were the Indians.

It was said that the Indians entered this continent _______the Bering Strait(白令海峡) and Sea from eastern Asia at most 10,000 years_______. When Europeans first_______the country, Indians were living in most of areas_______forests.There were only_______Indians in the provinces, near the Atlantic Ocean.

The second group of people to enter Canada _______ the Eskimos.They _______ the Bering Strait from Asia less than 3,000 years ago.There are few_______of their early movements.The first white settlers in Canada were the________.They came in greatest________to Quebec,but also to Nova Scotia,________they cleared farms on the southern side of the Bay of Fundy.The French built their castles at Quebec City, and cleared farms out of the forests in the area.   ________the time of the British conquest(征服) in 1763,there had been about 60,000 Frenchmen in Canada, ________chiefly between Quebec and Montreal.There were not many British in Canada________American Revolution drove large numbers northward.

Throughout the 19th century,________British people came to Canada.The descendants(后代) of these people ________ England, Scotland and Ireland now make________about half of the population.Around the ________of the century people came in increasing numbers from Europe and the largest numbers came ________Central and Eastern Europe—Germans, Czechs, Poles,Rumanians and Ukrainians.

1.

A．famous

B．well­known

C．known

D．news

2.

A．through

B．into

C．on

D．across

3.

A．early

B．more

C．ago

D．long

4.

A．reached

B．left

C．flew to

D．shipped

5.

A．protected

B．covered by

C．like

D．covering

6.

A．few

B．packs of

C．a number of

D．a few

7.

A．are

B．is

C．were

D．was

8.

A．crossed

B．walked

C．passed

D．swam

9.

A．notes

B．records

C．signs

D．speeches

10.

A．British

B．Indians

C． Frenchmen

D．American

11.

A．deal

B．members

C．areas

D．numbers

12.

A．who

B．which

C．whom

D．where

13.

A．By

B．In

C．At

D．On

14.

A．to live

B．living

C．lived

D．live

15.

A．when

B．after

C．until

D．since

16.

A．thousand of

B．thousands of

C．thousands

D．thousand

17.

A．in

B．to

C．near

D．from

18.

A．up

B．of

C．from

D．by

19.

A．year

B．change

C．turn

D．day

20.

A．from

B．in

C．over

D．up