1 . The Silk Road is a name given to the many trade routes that connected Europe and the Mediterranean（地中海）with the Asian world. The route is over 6,500 km long and got its name because the early Chinese traded silk along it. Although silk was the main trading item, there were many other goods that travelled along the Silk Road between Eastern Asia and Europe. In the course of time, medicine, perfumes, spices and livestock（家畜）found their way between continents.
The Chinese learned to make silk thousands of years ago. For a long time they were the only ones who knew how to make this precious material. Only the emperor, his family and his highest advisers were allowed to wear clothes made of silk. For a long time the Chinese guarded this secret very carefully. The ancient Romans were the first Europeans who became aware of this wonderful material. Trading started, often with Indians as middlemen（中间人）who traded silk with the Chinese in exchange for gold and silver which they got from the Romans.
Travelling along the route was dangerous. The hot desert, high mountains and sandstorms made traveling a rough business. Most of the goods along the Silk Road were carried by caravans（商队）. Traders sometimes brought goods from one destination on the silk Road to another, from where the goods would be transported by someone else. Over the centuries people settled along the ancient route and many cities emerged. Later on there were fewer hardships to overcome, but by no means was it easy.
Religion, languages and diseases also spread along the Silk Road. Buddhism, which originated in India, spread to China along this route. European traders probably brought the plague from Asia to Europe along the ancient road.
In the early Middle Ages, traffic along the route decreased because of the decline of the Roman Empire. Trading along the Silk Road became stronger again between the 13th and 14th centuries, when the Mongols controlled central Asia. During the Age of Exploration the Silk Road lost its importance because new sea routes to Asia were discovered.
1. What do we know about the Silk Road?| A．It refers to many trade routes. |
| B．It was named because the ancient Arabians traded silk along it. |
| C．Silk was the only trading item on it. |
| D．Travelling along the Silk Road was easy and safe. |
| A．Summarize the previous paragraph. |
| B．Add some background information. |
| C．Introduce a new topic for discussion. |
| D．Summarize the following paragraphs. |
① new cities ② religions ③ languages ④ diseases ⑤ science and technology
| A．①②③⑤ | B．②③④⑤ |
| C．①③④⑤ | D．①②③④ |
| A．The Silk Road | B．Decline of the Silk Road |
| C．Dangerous Trade Travelling | D．Renaissance（复兴）of the Silk Road |
2 . 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
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