3 . Entering a university is an important part of a person’s life. Today, many people go to a university to study and train for a future job in subjects like law, medicine or education.     1    . An important one started in Egypt over one thousand years ago.

The world’s oldest surviving university, AL-Azhar, is in Cario, Egypt. It was first built as a mosque for religion (宗教寺院) in A.D. 972. A few years later, learners and teachers began meeting in the mosque. They read and talked about the subject of religion and law.     2    . Leaders in the city of Cario decided to create a school for higher learning and soon after that, AL-Azhar University was founded.

    3    . For these teachers at AL-Azhar, they needed to think about what courses to teach and how to teach them. The earliest courses were in law and religion. In a course, students read and studied with the teachers, but there was also free discussion. Often, students and teachers had interesting discussions, and there was no “right” answer. In the years that followed, the new university interested scholars from around the world.       4    . At AL-Azhar, people studied the past, but it was also a place for sharing new ideas.

Over a thousand years later, AL-Azhar is still an important university in the world.       5    .Today, many of the world’s most important universities such as Oxford and Harvard still follow the same traditions as they do at AL-Azhar.

Dujiangyan is the oldest man-made water system in the world, and a wonder in the development of Chinese science.     1    (build) over 2, 200 years ago in what is now Sichuan Province in Southwest China, this amazing engineering     2    (achieve) is still used today.

In ancient times, the region in which Dujiangyan now stands     3    (suffer) from regular floods caused by overflow from the Minjiang River.     4    (help) the victims of the flooding, Li Bing, the region governor, together with his son, decided to find a solution. Li designed a series of channels built at different levels along Mount Yulei that would take away the floodwater while leaving the river flowing naturally.     5    (good) still, the extra water could be directed to the dry Chengdu Plain, making     6     suitable for farming.

Once the system was finished, no more floods occurred and the people were able to live     7    (peaceful). Today, Dujiangyan is admired by scientists from around the world because of one feature. Unlike modern dams     8     the water is blocked with a huge wall, Dujiangyan still lets water flow through the Minjiang River naturally,     9     (enable) ecosystem(生态系统) and fish populations to exist     10     harmony.