1 . Global warming, the increases of the earth’s average surface temperature, results from greenhouse gases, for example, carbon dioxide, which traps heat that would otherwise escape from the earth. After the trees are cut down and more greenhouse gases are released, the “blanket” around the earth, called the ozone layer(臭氧层), will get thicker. This catches more heat and makes the earth hotter. Luckily, there are many things that every citizen of the earth can do to help reduce the effects of global warming, and it’s never too late or too early for children to take action.
Children should learn what a carbon footprint is. A carbon footprint is the amount of greenhouse gases people make as they lead the daily life and go about the normal activities. In other words, the carbon footprint is a measure of the environmental impact the life has. To live an environmentally friendly life that hardly contributes to global warming, people should make the fewest carbon footprints possible.
Almost everything people do contributes to global warming and is related to fossil fuel consumption. These things people do can be direct use of fossil fuels, like riding in a gasoline-powered car, or indirect contributions to greenhouse gases, such as eating fruit and vegetables that have to be shipped from faraway places to reach their tables.
If a child wants to make a contribution to reducing global warming, he should ride a bicycle to the near park, the school, his friend’s house, or anywhere else not so far instead of taking a car. Or he may try to walk or jog, which is also helpful. In addition, although trains and buses often run on fossil fuels, on average, each person uses less energy and produces less pollution to take a train or a bus. Next time if children with their parents have to go around town or go to someplace too far to walk to or bike to, take a bus or other public transportation instead of riding a car.
1. What is the first paragraph mainly about?| A．A brief description of the carbon footprint. | B．The serious water pollution. |
| C．The protection of the ozone layer. | D．The causes of global warming. |
| A．Useless. | B．Expensive. | C．Helpful. | D．Attractive. |
| A．Go to the near park by bus. | B．Walk or cycle as much as possible. |
| C．Keep staying at home. | D．Go around town with parents by car. |
| A．What can people do to use less energy? |
| B．How can kids help reduce global warming? |
| C．How do carbon footprints measure pollution? |
| D．Why global warming affects humans’ life? |
2 . Colleen and Terence have known each other for more than 35 years and have been out fishing together more than 500 times. On a freezing
After the 4.8m boat
The last bag of air on the boat was almost gone. “But Colleen remained amazingly
He swam against the tide for more than an hour. He ran into rocks and
Colleen was
| A．dusk | B．noon | C．night | D．morning |
| A．fortune | B．suffering | C．play | D．holiday |
| A．sailed | B．wandered | C．sank | D．stopped |
| A．care about | B．knew about | C．talked to | D．heard of |
| A．kind | B．warm | C．panic | D．calm |
| A．deep | B．blue | C．icy | D．rapid |
| A．weaker | B．stronger | C．wiser | D．luckier |
| A．saw | B．made | C．got | D．injured |
| A．depending | B．living | C．drowning | D．swimming |
| A．counted | B．seized | C．made | D．enjoyed |
| A．courage | B．faith | C．interest | D．trouble |
| A．everything | B．much | C．something | D．little |
| A．gradually | B．immediately | C．seriously | D．eventually |
| A．taken | B．made | C．gotten | D．stopped |
| A．concerned | B．worth | C．safe | D．ready |
3 . As schools around the country reopen after winter break, their students are being reminded of the lunch debt they’ve racked up this school year.
Congress ended the free-lunch-for-all program in June, reverting to a system in which low-income families had to fill out paperwork to qualify for aid based on their income. But some families have been left behind because they do not understand the application process.
Some states choose to continue free-lunch-for-all programs, including Massachusetts, Nevada, Vermont and Pennsylvania. California, Maine and now Colorado are the only states with laws ensuring permanent universal meal programs for all children, regardless of parents’ income.
Results from a national survey shows 847 schools had amassed $19.2 million in lunch debt. Debt varies across the country. Across North Carolina, lunch debt exceeded $1 million as of Nov.1.
| A．Plenty of kids face going without school lunches or getting smaller. |
| B．Others are rejected because they do not qualify. |
| C．School meal prices are rising and families are struggling to pay rent and feed their children. |
| D．Universal school meals can promote academic achievement. |
| E．One Wisconsin school district surpassed $14,000 in school lunch debt by October. |
| F．Several community groups and even social media influencers are donating to help. |
| G．A few districts, including Chicago and New York City, also offer free meals to kids. |
4 . From the flower crown to the one that makes you look like an adorable baby deer, Snapchat’s filters (滤镜) are famously pleasing. But if you have ever shifted your phone and seen the filter disappear, revealing your normal human face on the screen instead, you may have thought to yourself, “I wish I looked like a Snapchat filter in real life.”
This is a real and increasingly common way of thinking, according to the plastic surgeons who authored a recent article in the Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA). For some people, the authors say, this obsession with looking as perfect as they do in their filtered social media photos has become so extreme that experts place it on the body dysmorphia disorder spectrum.
Body dysmorphia disorder (BDD) is a mental health condition and a type of obsessive compulsive disorder in which a person becomes obsessed with thoughts about appearance imperfection. “For someone with BDD, their entire life’s balance hangs on whether they look okay or whether they have hidden their appearance imperfection appropriately,” Tom Hildebrandt, PsyD, chief of the Division of Eating and Weight Disorders, explained in a previous interview.
The JAMA article names this latest version of the disorder “Snapchat dysmorphia disorder,” saying that apps like Snapchat and Face Tune are giving rise to new unattainable standards of beauty.
In the past, the authors write, patients would show up in their plastic surgeon’s office with photos of celebrities that had been edited to perfection in magazine spreads. Now, they say, patients want to look like filtered versions of themselves instead, with fuller lips, bigger eyes, or a thinner nose. According to recent data, 55% of surgeons report that patients are looking for plastic surgery to improve the appearance the way they look in social media selfies.
“This is an alarming trend,” the authors write, “because those filtered selfies often present an unattainable look and are blurring the boundary between reality and fantasy for these patients.”
1. What can we infer from the passage?| A．Some plastic surgeons prefer photos of celebrities to selfies of their patients. |
| B．Snapchat’s filters are pleasing because they offer users flower crowns and baby deer. |
| C．Some plastic surgeons disapprove of having plastic surgery to look like filtered selfies. |
| D．People with BDD will lose their balance if they can’t cover their imperfection properly. |
| A．Social media selfies bring about a new type of fashion trend |
| B．users of Snapchat are too obsessed with their own appearance |
| C．users of Snapchat are all people with body dysmorphia disorder |
| D．Filters contributes to new standards of beauty impossible to achieve |
| A．Plastic surgery patients request to look like filtered versions of themselves. |
| B．Patients show up in their plastic surgeon’s office with photos of celebrities. |
| C．Quite a few surgeons report that patients are looking for plastic surgery. |
| D．Patients fail to tell reality from fantasy due to pleasing filtered selfies. |
| A．some apps with filters have created brand new standards of beauty |
| B．some people are unwilling to accept their appearance imperfection |
| C．some plastic surgeons have authored an article against filtered selfies |
| D．some people are over-obsessed with looking as perfect as filtered selfies |
5 . Most of us probably cannot imagine modern life without social media, which has both the potential to negatively impact our mental and emotional heath if used blindly and the ability to connect us in many unexpected ways.
With social media, friendships go beyond geography. We are able to find friends old and new, thus maintaining old friendships and making new ones. Some would question the quality of these friendships, but perhaps what is important is that a link exists between you and that person. Then, we can possibly build friendship upon this link in the future.
Nevertheless, social media does consume our energy and lower our self-esteem (自尊) at times. A 2013 study by Ethan Kross and Philippe Verduyn, published by the Public Library of Science, found that the more a person uses Facebook, the more miserable he feels about his own life. An internet celebrity (名人) Essena O’Neill recently announced to quit social media, saying it is “not real life”, taking countless photos just to look great in a single post and seeking social approval from “likes” and “views” have left her feeling “empty”.
However, those affected are usually teenagers who possess shaky self-identities. It is only natural for teenagers to seek popularity and social recognition. However, for every teenager who feels jealous, envious or depressed online, there is another who chooses to feel energetic, inspired and accepted by positive social connections.
From what perspective do we wish to approach social media? Social media does not cause unhappiness; it simply provides an alternative platform for teenagers to experiment with as they grow up, something they have always done offline. Teen activist and Nobel Peace Prize winner Malala Yousafzai says, “What is interesting is the power and impact of social media... we must try to use social media in a good way.”
1. Which best describes the impact of social media on friendship?| A．Social media helps build friendships across distances. |
| B．Social media improves the quality of new friendships. |
| C．Social media only has a short-term impact on friendships. |
| D．Social media makes it harder to maintain old friendships. |
| A．To explain a rule. | B．To make a prediction. |
| C．To present a fact. | D．To prove an argument. |
| A．Positive. | B．Objective. | C．Doubtful. | D．Indifferent. |
| A．Demand for advances in social media. |
| B．The wide applications of social media |
| C．Advice on using social media positively. |
| D．The possible harm of social media to users. |
6 . Going against the tide of flocking (蜂拥) to well-known yet generally jam-packed tourist destinations on vacation, a growing number of holidaymakers in China tend to spend their leisure time at lesser known resorts to seek unique, relaxed holiday experiences. Reverse Tourism has emerged as a new trend among young holidaymakers in China.
Besides crowds, some vacationers chose less-traveled places to save on the cost of trips to popular destinations, which often require pricey tickets, meals and hotel stays. “Tourism used to be about sightseeing. Now it is about experiences,” said Dai Bin, president of the China Tourism Academy. He said popular tourist spots are always packed and often raise their prices during holidays. As people become more mature travelers, they are increasingly unwilling to follow the herd. Some of them are simply looking to take a rest somewhere quiet for a couple of days, which is a good way to vacation.
In addition, lesser-known attractions are not as “commercial” and “standardized” as developed ones and are able to offer more genuine experiences and natural encounters, according to social media posts. And unlike popular destinations, some under-explored places with little online exposure can offer more surprises. COVID-19 is another key factor fueling Reverse Tourism. As precautionary measures continue, traveling has an unpredictable quality. A traveler has no way of knowing what lies ahead before departure, be it a perfect holiday or one interrupted by a sudden outbreak.
“The rise of Reverse Tourism is not a bad thing,” said an opinion piece in Zhengzhou Daily. It means that vacationers now have more options, which brings more possibilities to the tourism market, the article explains. More importantly, the trend is set to force popular destinations to improve themselves instead of resting on their achievements, it noted.
1. What is the feature of Reverse Tourism according to the passage?| A．Less-traveled places offer less attractive sightseeing. |
| B．Popular destinations often raise their prices during holidays. |
| C．Popular destinations are not welcomed by people nowadays. |
| D．Less-traveled places are increasingly valued among young holidaymakers. |
| A．Tourists spend less than usual. |
| B．It has already been commercialized |
| C．COVID-19 makes tourists more cautious. |
| D．Tourists can get a better sense of experience. |
| A．To create surprises on their own. | B．To escape the uncertainty in life. |
| C．To promote the local tourism. | D．To explore the original beauty. |
| A．The promising future of Nature tourism. |
| B．The challenges popular tourist spots are facing. |
| C．The reason why people prefer Reverse Tourism. |
| D．The way to explore the lesser-known attractions. |
7 . Restaurants, farmers and food businesses are turning to chemistry and physics to deal with the problem of food waste. Some companies are testing coverings to slow the fruits’ ripening(成熟) process and packets to keep food fresh. Others are developing digital sensors that can tell when meat is safe to eat.
Experts say growing awareness of the costs of food waste has led to more efforts to deal with the problem. ReFED is a group that studies food waste. It estimates 225,000 kilograms of food can be kept out of waste areas each year with special high-tech coverings.
But the cost can be a barrier for some companies and shoppers. Kroger, the largest food-store company in the US, ended its deal with Apeel Sciences in 2022. The deal ended because Kroger said shoppers were not willing to pay more for fruits with Apeel’s special covering to keep them fresh.
Many companies are working on ways to help reduce food waste. A Sweden-based company is trying developing a sensor that can show if meat is safe to eat by measuring the buildup of bacteria inside its container. And Ryp Labs, based in the US and Belgium, is working on a sticker for fruits and vegetables that would release(释放) gas to slow ripening.
Some companies find it better to use proven technology in new ways. For example, Chicago-based Hazel Technologies has been trying selling a chemical compound(化合物), called 1-MCP, which is used in a room to slow the fruits’ ripening process. The company now sells packets that can slowly release 1-MCP into small containers of fruits.
“The science is promising, but it is only part of the solution,’” said Yvette Cabrera. She is the director of food waste for the Natural Resources Defense Council. “Most food waste happens at home. Reducing food sizes, buying smaller quantities or improving the accuracy of freshness date could have even more effects than new technology. Overall as a society, we don’t value food as it should be valued,” Cabrera said.
1. How does the author start paragraph 1?| A．By showing experiments. | B．By quoting experts’ words. |
| C．By listing data. | D．By giving examples. |
| A．They were not convenient to use. |
| B．Food stores found them ineffective. |
| C．Customers disliked paying extra money. |
| D．They might cause pollution to the fruits. |
| A．Building storage rooms. | B．Using chemical methods. |
| C．Making packets. | D．Developing a sensor. |
| A．Ways of reducing food waste. |
| B．Benefits of saving food at home. |
| C．Kinds of fresh food in the market. |
| D．Funds of dealing with food waste. |
8 . Lying to friends and family members may seem like a way to lose their trust.
To study how these two types of lies affect relationships within social groups, researchers created a hypothetical (假定的) mathematical model. The model showed that individuals who tell anti-social lies become isolated (孤立的) within their social networks sometimes.
While the researchers created a hypothetical model, it could be used to understand how lying affects groups of friends in the real world.
| A．Do white lies serve a social function? |
| B．And real-world lies can take many forms. |
| C．What exactly are the “right” reasons for lying? |
| D．But new research suggests this may not always be the case. |
| E．This type of lie weakens the friendships between two people. |
| F．However, individuals who tell white lies don’t have such feeling. |
| G．It could also help scientists understand the influence of lying in online communities. |
增加：在缺词处加个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线(\) 划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;
2. 只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
Square dancing is becoming increasingly popular nowadays, that can be easily found in public places like squares and parks. The dancers gather in the large numbers and dance some joyful music happily. Therefore, not everyone is happy with this. Some people complain the music is too noisy that it affects their life serious. But I don’t agree with them. On the one hand, most of the dancers are retire women. By dancing, they can make more friend and enjoy their life after retirement. On the other hand, the places they chose are public, so everyone has the right to enjoy them there.
10 . Popularization has in some cases changed the original meaning of emotional intelligence. Many people now misunderstand emotional intelligence as almost everything desirable in a person’s makeup that cannot be measured by an IQ test, such as character, motivation, confidence, mental stability, optimism and “people skills.” Research has shown that emotional skills may contribute to some of these qualities, but most of them move far beyond skill-based emotional intelligence.
We prefer to describe emotional intelligence as a specific set of skills that can be used for either good or bad purposes. The ability to accurately understand how others are feeling may be used by a doctor to find how best to help her patients, while a cheater might use it to control potential victims. Being emotionally intelligent does not necessarily make one a moral person.
Although popular beliefs regarding emotional intelligence run far ahead of what research can reasonably support, the overall effects of the publicity have been more beneficial than harmful. The most positive aspect of this popularization is a new and much needed emphasis (重视) on emotion by employers, educators and others interested in promoting social well-being. The popularization of emotional intelligence has helped both the public and researchers re-evaluate the functionality of emotions and how they serve people adaptively in everyday life.
Although the continuing popular appeal of emotional intelligence is desirable, we hope that such attention will excite a greater interest in the scientific and scholarly study of emotion. It is our hope that in coming decades, advances in science will offer new perspectives (视角) from which to study how people manage their lives. Emotional intelligence, with its focus on both head and heart, may serve to point us in the right direction.
1. What is a common misunderstanding of emotional intelligence?| A．It can be measured by an IQ test. |
| B．It helps to exercise a person’s mind. |
| C．It includes a set of emotional skills. |
| D．It refers to a person’s positive qualities. |
| A．To explain a rule. |
| B．To clarify a concept. |
| C．To present a fact. |
| D．To make a prediction. |
| A．Favorable. |
| B．Intolerant. |
| C．Doubtful. |
| D．Unclear. |
| A．Emotional intelligence is emphasized by all the people. |
| B．People who are highly emotionally intelligent are honourable persons. |
| C．The research we do at present cannot reasonably support popular beliefs of emotional intelligence. |
| D．Emotional intelligence contribute a lot to the qualities like character, motivation, confidence and so on. |
| A．Its appeal to the public. |
| B．Expectations for future studies. |
| C．Its practical application. |
| D．Scientists with new perspectives. |
