增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(^),并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除:把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。
修改:在错的词下划一横线,并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意:1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;
2.只允许修改10处,多者(从第11处起)不计分。
We all know that cycling is a greatly exercise. A doctor tells me people who lives the longest are dancers and cyclists. Maybe it is because the combination of fresh air, smooth movement and exercise. Whether you ride a bicycle, you don’t use petrol. So they are not producing carbon dioxide and not cause air pollution. Just see how cars have been taken over our cities. They often run at high speeds, what may put our lives in danger. And there were traffic jams, too. Our cities will be better places if we replace cars with bicycle.
内容包括:
1.浪费粮食的现象;
2.节约粮食的做法;
3.节约粮食的倡议。
注意:
1.写作词数应为80左右;
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Say NO to Food Waste
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3 . There are few places on Earth that humans haven’t messed up. Now even Antarctica, the only continent with no permanent human inhabitants, is being altered by us. A study found that the increasing human presence in Antarctica is causing more snow melt-bad news for a frozen world already battling the effects of human-caused global warming.
Black carbon, the dark, dusty pollution that comes from burning fossil fuels has settled in locations where tourists and researchers spend a lot of time, scientists found. Even the smallest amount of the dark pollutant can have a significant impact on melting because of its very low reflectiveness: things that are light in color, like snow, reflect the sun's energy and stay cool; things that are dark, like black carbon, absorb the sun's energy and warm up.
“The snow albedo (反射率) effect is one of the largest uncertainties in regional and global climate modeling right now,” Alia Khan, a snow and ice scientist at Western Washington University, told CNN. “That’s one of the motivations for the study, to quantify the impact of black carbon on regional snowmelt, which is important for quantifying the role of black carbon in the global loss of snow and ice.”
“Antarctica is sitting there pretty much silently all year. But, if it weren’t there, in the state that it is meant to be, the balance that we have in the climate system will no longer be,” Marilyn Raphael, a geography professor said. “Antarctica’s sea ice is also important to maintain a balance in atmospheric circulation,” he added. As waters get warmer, some Antarctic creatures are finding their homes more and more unlivable.
“Everything we do has consequences,” Raphael said. “We need to educate ourselves about those consequences, especially in systems that we know relatively little about. We have to be careful that we don’t upset the climate balance.”
1. Why can the smallest amount of black carbon have huge impact on melting?A.It is highly reflective. | B.Its dark colour absorbs heat. |
C.It produces vast energy. | D.It causes much pollution. |
A.To measure the impact of black carbon on melting. |
B.To quantify the cost of battling against climate change. |
C.To remove the uncertainties of global warming effects. |
D.To urge people to pay more attention to melting problem. |
A.The change caused by Antarctic melting. | B.The methods to stop Antarctic ice melting. |
C.The significance of Antarctic being in its state. | D.The sufferings Antarctic creatures are experiencing. |
A.Reduce tourist numbers. | B.Face the consequences. |
C.Acquire professional education. | D.Stop disturbing the climate. |
4 . People have probably observed that stress level can rise due to a lack of typical psychological breaks they get in workplaces. Walking to the tea room to make a cup of coffee, stopping for a chat with one of your colleagues or discussing your plan with your leaders will help you. All of those actions are actually giving our brains an opportunity to recharge.
The workplace banter (打趣) could be worn out when you’re employed from home. The psychological breaks, however, are vital to maintain your stress at the lowest level, so attempt to copy these mini-breaks at home. Besides, you need a proper schedule for yourself. Otherwise, things go against your wishes. For example, one of my friends devoted herself to her business, ignoring her family and her own health. Though she has achieved a lot in her business, now she is in poor health and has a broken home and good-for-nothing children.
One of the toughest issues about working from home is setting boundaries. People tend to overwork at home because they often confuse work and home life. You can moderately end working at a fixed time and have time to get along with your family members. If you begin the day by bearing this in your thoughts, it's completely possible for you to stick to it. At home, you can do a bit of gardening or take a slow relaxing walk within your yard to help increase your memory and overcome depression. Even doing some arts and crafts, reading an e-book or baking a cake may also help. Anyway, you need to take yourself away from the computer screen for a superb couple of hours every day.
As the saying puts it, “Sharpening your knife won’t waste your time for cutting your firewood”. If you have good psychological breaks while working from home, your working efficiency will be improved. Besides, you’ll manage and lessen your stress and create a good family relationship.
1. What cannot reduce people’s stress according to paragraph 1?A.Making a cup of coffee or tea. | B.Recharging your brain with new ideas. |
C.Discussing your plan with your leaders. | D.Chatting with one of your colleagues. |
A.They cannot fix their working time. | B.The working efficiency is improved. |
C.They want to devote themselves to their business. | D.It is hard to balance work and home life. |
A.Baking a cake for your family. | B.Taking a long walk in your garden. |
C.Going to the library to read a book. | D.Doing a lot of gardening and handcrafts. |
A.Ways to improve working efficiency. | B.Ways to reduce stress in workplaces. |
C.Ways to lessen stress when working at home. | D.Ways to create a good family relationship. |
5 . Six months before she died, my grandmother moved into an old people’s home and I visited her there. The room was clean and warm, and the care assistants were kind and cheerful. A general knowledge quiz show was on the television, and the only other sound was snoring. People moved only when they needed to be helped to the bathroom. It was disappointing. Grandmother talked a lot about how much she missed seeing her grandchildren, but I knew from my sister that they hated going to visit her there.
So I was interested to read a newspaper article about a new concept in old people’s homes in France. The idea is simple, but revolutionary — combining a residential home for the elderly with a nursery school in the same building. The children and the residents eat lunch together and share activities. In the afternoons, the residents enjoy reading or telling stories to the children, and if a child is feeling sad or tired, there is always a kind lap to sit on.
The advantages are huge for everyone concerned. The children are happy, because they get a lot more individual attention. The residents are happy because they feel useful and needed. And the staff are happy because they see an improvement in the physical and psychological health of the residents and have an army of assistants to help with the children.
Nowadays there is less and less contact between the old and the young in an increasing number of countries. There are many reasons for this, including the breakdown of the extended family, working parents with no time to care for ageing relations, families that have moved away, and smaller flats with no room for grandparents. But the result is the same-increasing numbers of children without grandparents and old people who have no contact with children, and more old people who are lonely and feel useless, along with more and more families with young children who desperately need more support. Ifs a major problem in many societies.
That’s why intergenerational programs, designed to bring the old and the young together, are growing in popularity all over the world.
1. What does the underlined word “residents” in paragraph 2 probably refer to?A.Old people. | B.School teachers. | C.Assistants. | D.Staff. |
A.They felt lonely and useless. | B.They weren’t allowed to be visited. |
C.They weren’t looked after properly. | D.They lived in a dirty and uncomfortable room. |
A.The extended family is broken down. |
B.There isn’t much room for grandparents. |
C.Working parents have no time to care for their children. |
D.There isn’t much contact between the old and the young. |
A.Advice on how to communicate with children. |
B.Plans for setting up more homes for old people. |
C.Examples of successful intergenerational programs. |
D.Ways of teaching entertainment skills to old people. |
6 . Monthly subscription (订阅) educational boxes for students can be a great way to develop an interest in a particular subject. If you want to learn something at home while having fun, you can have educational boxes delivered monthly straight to your house.
Spangler Boxes
The Spangler boxes feature a range of hands-on scientific experiments designed by Steve Spangler, a former TY host of a popular science education program on News for Kids. Projects focus on STEM—science, technology, engineering, and math. Examples of projects include exploring lava(岩浆)science, the sound waves, and physical laws.
Finders Seekers Boxes
After receiving a Finders Seekers box, you’ll explore characters of a new city and culture every month while solving puzzles. Think of Finders Seekers as an escape room challenge that takes place in your living room. Clues and online research tools are available to help in case you get stuck solving the mystery. Each puzzle takes approximately two to four hours to complete.
Creation Boxes
Creation teaches students electronics, digital tips and high-level problem-solving. Each box teaches a lesson and is progressively more challenging. A sampling of the projects includes a mood lamp, an electronic memory game, and a distance detector using an ultrasonic sensor(超声传感器).
Kiwi Doodle Boxes
Kiwi Doodle Boxes are among the most popular boxes on the market. They feature a variety of themes customized to students aged from 8 to 18. Doodle focuses on art and design with projects such as a felt succulent(肉质植物)garden, a faux(人造的)leather sample set, and handmade soap. Doodle projects introduce students to new crafting materials and techniques and al craft supplies are included in the box.
1. Which of the following is included in Finders Seekers Boxes?A.Features of cities. | B.Online instructions. |
C.Historical mysteries. | D.Escape room challenges. |
A.Creation Boxes. | B.Spangler Science Boxes. |
C.Kiwi Doodle Boxes. | D.Finders Seekers Boxes. |
A.A research report. | B.A scientific journal. |
C.A magazine for kids. | D.An engineering textbook. |
Have you heard of community fridges? These are spaces
According to
The benefit of community fridges has never been clearer. In difficult times, with pretty much all costs increasing greatly, it is reassuring to know that
8 . A survey by the American Psychological Association shows that one in ten adults reads online news at least once an hour. A lot has been written about the mental health influence from news addiction, and in particular from reading negative reports. Just like junk food, “junk” news can be bad for our health.
In recent years, things have been getting increasingly more negative. A study of the content of New Zealand’s largest newspaper showed that while in 1973 the average number of stories about death on the front page was 0.75, by 2013 it was 4.1(and no, there weren’t five times more people dying).
What’s more, online news, and the stories we read on mobile phones in particular, tend to be even more negative than print. A 2019 study of 50 U.S. newspapers showed that mobile versions of newspapers report three times more stories about disasters and accidents than paper ones.
Such negative reports lead people to believe that things are worse than they really are. They can lead to stress, worry and lower spirits.
Experiments also suggest that loneliness and poor relationships have been connected with reading negative reports. After reading negative reports, people are less likely to help others. Even worse, when we check news on smart phones, we may “phub” our loved ones, which leads to lower relationship satisfaction.
Negative reports attract our attention far more than positive ones. That’s a global happening. I hope, however, that if we realize that negative news is spoiling our moods, we might all be more willing to change.
1. Why is “junk food” mentioned in the first paragraph?A.To entertain readers. | B.To introduce the topic. |
C.To make an advertisement. | D.To keep readers away from it. |
A.The death rate in New Zealand is very high. | B.Print newspapers have become less popular. |
C.Stories about death have become less popular. | D.Negative reporting has been increasing over years. |
A.Live a hopeful life. | B.Become more careful. |
C.Become less likely to help others. | D.Pay more attention to their physical health. |
A.Ignore | B.Hate | C.Laugh at | D.Care about |
A.A Survey on News Reading Habits | B.Negative Effects of Mobile Phones |
C.Is Online News Better Than Print? | D.Is Junk News a Danger to Health? |
9 . “When I was 14, I'd pick my younger brother up from school," Jen says. "I'd be in charge of checking his homework and making sure that he was fed until our parents got home. " That is one of the things that led Jen, a Stanford Graduate School of Business student, to become interested in how people's perception of their own age can influence their actions.
That curiosity led her to team up with Szu-chi Huang, an associate professor at Stanford, on a series of experiments in which they shifted participants' perception of their own age in order to study the effects on their willingness to help strangers in need.
In one study, researchers set up a stand at a sports event and invited passers-by to write thank-you cards to people they knew. In the process, the researchers shifted participants' subjective age by informing them about the average age of others who had participated in the event. In another, they organized a food-bank donation drive at local farmers' markets. In some instances, they asked teenage volunteers to collect the money, a trick to make participants feel older. In other instances, the volunteers were in their 50s.
The researchers found that when participants perceived themselves as older, they were more willing to do things for others with whom they didn't have a personal connection. “We found that when people are led to feel older, they feel more responsibility," Huang says. "It's like the society is on our shoulders. We feel like we're expected to make this world better for the next generation. w
Organizations involved in social causes might take advantage of the new insights about subjective age to make their recruiting (征募)and fundraising efforts more efficient. "If you want to create an older subjective age among the audience you're trying to reach, recruiting younger volunteers might help," Huang says.
1. Where does Jen's inspiration of the research topic come?A.From her professor, | B.From her schoolmates. |
C.From her business career. | D.From her early experience. |
A.To attract people's sympathy. |
B.To make donors feel younger. |
C.To encourage teenagers to work harder. |
D.To inform donors of the participants' age. |
A.They shoulder more responsibility. |
B.They build stronger connections with others. |
C.They have a better understanding of the world. |
D.They feel more hopeful about the next generation. |
A.The outcome of the study. | B.The benefit of social causes. |
C.The practical value of the study. | D.The importance of subjective age. |
10 . When you throw something in the recycling bin, do you think about what it could become? And when you do, does it make you more likely to use that recycling bin? Recently, a study was conducted in an effort to decide whether or not explaining to people what their recyclables are transformed into would help increase recycling rates.
The researchers started with a group of 111 college students, asked to draw on paper before watching one of three ads.One was a public service message that showed paper going into recycling bins.The other two also showed the paper either being transformed into new paper or a guitar.After completing a survey, the students were asked to deal with the paper when they left. Half of those who saw the first ad recycled their paper, while the recycling rate jumped to 80% for those who'd seen the other ads.
After doing a few more lab experiments, the researchers headed into the real world.At a party, volunteers spoke with attendees (出席者) about recycling, with half mentioning transformed products and half keeping it general.They discovered the subject of the talks came into play.After the game, the recycling and trash bags were weighed.Those who received a message recycled over half of their waste, while those who did not recycled less than a fifth.
All this is to say that details matter.People want to know what treasures their trash can become, and when that's laid out clearly, they' re more likely to do it.Perhaps recycling companies should redesign signs to describe the items being created.Recycling is far from a perfect solution,but it doesn't hurt to manage to improve its rates.
1. What's the function of the first paragraph?A.To lead to the main topic. |
B.To reflect the author's attitude. |
C.To introduce a new recycling bin. |
D.1 To emphasize the benefits of recycling. |
A.Took effect. |
B.Broke down. |
C.Took off. |
D.Came to mind. |
A.Sign the names on the items. |
B.Find perfect ways of recycling. |
C.Examine the details of items. |
D.Show the transformation of waste. |
A.Sports and games. |
B.Travel and tourism. |
C.Entertainment and recreation. |
D.Science and human life. |