1 . It’s important for children to take part in social activities during their summer holidays. “Kids should have a break during the summer. They’ve worked hard during the school year and this is their time to relax, but they should continue communicating with their friends and meeting new people,” said Dr. Jin Han. He’s a professor at Baylor College of Medicine in Houston.
Spending time with friends and meeting new people by doing fun and educational activities such as music, arts and sports programs in summer help with their development. “If children spend a lot of time alone on their electronic equipment, then they will fail to communicate with others,” Han said. “In today’s world, it’s very easy for kids to stay indoors all day and keep in touch with others, but that is not a good way to connect with others. Face-to-face communication is necessary and important. Parents should restrict the time their children spend on electronic equipment. For example, the time they spend on their phones cannot be more than one hour a day.”
It’s also important for children to spend quality time with their parents and sisters or brothers. “It’s not the length of time, but the quality of time that families spend together that is really valuable,” Han said. “This type of communication is not something that you can get from anywhere else. It doesn’t matter how old the child is, because family bonding (人与人之间的关系) experiences can happen at any time.”
Having children spend time with friends and families doesn’t have to spend money in the wallet, either. For example, going to the neighborhood swimming pool or having a picnic is a great way to spend quality time together.
1. What does Dr. Jin Han think about the summer holidays according to the first paragraph?| A．It is necessary for children to have a rest during summer holidays. |
| B．Children should relax as much as possible during summer holidays. |
| C．Making new friends in summer holidays is difficult for children. |
| D．Children should prepare for schoolwork in summer holidays. |
| A．Increase. | B．Control. | C．Spend. | D．Employ. |
| A．How long children spend with families matters. |
| B．What to do with families depends on the parents. |
| C．When to spend time with families makes a difference. |
| D．How to enjoy the time with families is of great importance. |
| A．The importance of friends and families. | B．The introduction of some social activities. |
| C．The suitable ways to spend summer holidays. | D．The necessity of face-to-face communication. |
2 . Health officials in the United States reported last week on what they believe could be a medical first. Officials said doctors performed what could be the first double lung transplant（移植）on a person whose lungs were severely damaged from vaping（吸电子烟）. The operation reportedly saved the life of the teenager.
The young man was admitted in early September to a Detroit-area hospital with what appeared to be a common lung infection, but was later sent to Children’s Hospital of Michigan in Detroit. On October 3, he was transported to Henry Ford Hospital, where the transplant was performed 12 days later.
Hassan Nemeh is a surgical director of thoracic（胸腔的）organ transplant at Henry Ford Hospital. He told The Associated Press（The AP）that the damage done to the teenager’s lungs from vaping was so bad that there was no possibility to totally recover. He warned parents to think about that and to tell their children as well.
More than 2,000 Americans who vape have gotten sick since March. Many of them are teenagers and young adults. At least 40 people have died.
Recently, the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention reported a discovery into what might be causing people who vape to become sick. They identified the chemical compound vitamin E acetate（醋酸盐）as a “very strong criminal”.
Researchers found the chemical compound in fluid taken from the lungs of 29 patients. In other studies, Vitamin E acetate was found in liquid from electronic cigarettes and other vaping devices. Many who got sick said they had vaped liquids that contain THC, the part of marijuana that creates what is known as a “high”.
Dr. Lisa Allenspach is a lung specialist and medical director of Henry Ford’s Lung Transplant Program. She told The AP, “Vaping-related injuries are all too common these days. Our adolescents are faced with a crisis.” She added that vaping products should not be used in any way.
Dr. Nemeh said the 17-year-old patient’s case does not open any new moral considerations about transplants for people who severely damage their own lungs by vaping. He added, “We hope sharing this patient’s story prevents anyone else from experiencing a vaping injury that would require a transplant.”
1. What can be learned about the young man in the text?| A．He got caught in a moral dilemma. |
| B．He was the first to get sick by vaping. |
| C．He received the operation immediately. |
| D．He had a good chance to survive the lung damage. |
| A．1. | B．2. |
| C．3. | D．4. |
| A．Skeptical. | B．Approving |
| C．Opposing. | D．Objective. |
| A．To discourage vaping. |
| B．To voice moral concerns for the lung transplant. |
| C．To express sympathy for his sufferings. |
| D．To disapprove of smoking. |
3 . Gretchen Altman is smiling, leaning back casually, a cup of coffee in hand — Hills Bros. Coffee, to be precise. It looks like a casual shot, but if you hit like, leave a comment, and tag a friend, you can get three different cups of coffee, for free.
Altman is part of a growing trend of "micro-influencers". She has a small following — around 6,000 on Instagram (社交平台).Her going rate is $300 to $800 to promote something. She does some posts in exchange for free goods, as long as it's stuff she believes in.
As a micro-influencer she has a much closer relationship with her followers than a big social media star. "I'm just living a normal life and people relate to that," she says. "They just feel like I'm a friend of theirs."
But it worries consumer rights groups. Several recent studies have found that young audiences are largely unable to understand when something is sponsored content.
In some cases, it's clear. When a big star takes to a social media to advertise Coca-Cola, for example, the assumption is that he or she's probably getting paid to do so. And the posts are clearly labeled as ads, with the caption "advertisement" or "sponsored content".
But what happens when an everyday person with just a couple thousand followers takes to social media to extol(颂扬）the virtues of a product? The motivations are not so clear-cut. The problem with these social media posts is that you don't know whether it's an ad or not.
Altman is diligent about using those hashtags(标签).She loves what she does and sees it as a business, but she doesn't necessarily want to be a social media celebrity.
"With social media being so integrated into our everyday lives, we have this unique opportunity that I don't think anyone has ever had before where we can each be our own brand," Altman says.
1. What does a micro-influencer do according to the passage?| A．Offer enough likes. | B．Recommend some comments. |
| C．Post to increase sales. | D．Create advertisements. |
| A．Ads with caption on posts. | B．The unclear motivations of the posts. |
| C．Sponsored ads content. | D．The increasingly growing number of audiences |
| A．Pleased | B．Upset. |
| C．Ambitious. | D．Disappointed. |
| A．We Can Each Be Our Own Top Brand |
| B．To be a Micro-influencer or to be a Big Star |
| C．Hills Bros. Coffee, Your Coffee |
| D．Instagram Advertising: Do You Know It, When You See It |
4 . Staying connected
When Central Bucks South became one of the first Philadelphia-area high schools to close because of the fear of novel coronavirus exposure in early March, 16-year-old sophomore Andrew Chen knew that things were not going to return to normal as quickly as some of his peers hoped.
But still, the change from seeing his friends on the swim team during daily practices to learning alone at home was jarring.
“I only have three years here at South, and it pains me to see one of them being wasted,” Chen said.
The coronavirus has changed everyone’s lives, but for students, the disruption feels particularly serious. Schools closed and graduation ceremonies were put off. Summer plans, such as camps, are up in the air.
But right now, many students are trying to stay connected, struggling with false information, and finding out the best ways they can help – through online method.
For Josh Harycki, 17, a senior student at the Shipley School in Philadelphia, the best way to help was to create a “social distancing promise” for young people.
“I saw a lot of young people not paying attention,” he said. “They were … still going out, hanging out with others. I thought that there had to be a way to reach younger people, who were possibly not watching the news.”
Harycki started a call to action on social media and then built a website with a map that followed and kept the locations of people who’d signed the promise. The site also shares links to accurate sources of information like the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.
Harycki knows that his peers are worried they can’t connected with their friends in the same way, so he created the social distancing promise to strengthen that although everyone might be physically distant, they’re still connected.
“Part of what we’re showing is that you might feel like you’re the only one taking this seriously, but our map shows that you’re not alone,” he said.
1. What does the underlined word “jarring” in Paragraph 2 probably mean?| A．natural |
| B．necessary |
| C．worrying |
| D．reasonable |
| A．Friends who are worried and bored. |
| B．Young people not aware of the situation. |
| C．Younger students trying to help. |
| D．People taking the coronavirus seriously. |
| A．To order young people to stay at home. |
| B．To follow those infected with the coronavirus. |
| C．To tell young folks of latest news about the coronavirus. |
| D．To show young people that they are still connected. |
| A．To explain what worried students most when schools closed. |
| B．To show the different views of students toward the coronavirus. |
| C．To show how the coronavirus affected students’ lives. |
| D．To explain the proper reaction to the close of school. |
5 . For the first time, a generation of children is going through adolescence with smartphones ever-present. Jean Twenge , a professor of psychology at San Diego State University, has a name for these young people born between 1995 and 2012："iGen". She says, “Members of this generation are physically safer than those who came before them. They drink less they learn to drive later. " "But psychologically," she argues, "they far more easily get hurt. It's not an overstatement to describe iGen as being on the edge of the worst mental health crisis in decades.''
Today's teens are just not spending as much time with their friends face-to-face where they can really read each others' emotions and get that social support. And we know from lots of research that spending time with other people in person is one of the best predictors for psychological well-being and one of the best protections against having mental health issues. They're more likely than young people just 5 or 10 years ago to say that they're anxious, and that they have symptoms of depression.
How much of a factor is parenting? “Parenting is playing a role. Many parents are worried about their teens driving, and going out with their friends and drinking. Yet parents are often not worrying about their teens who stay at home on their phones all the time. But they should be worried about that. I think parents are worried about the wrong thing," Professor Twenge remarked.
She proposes several helpful solutions, "The first is just awareness that spending a lot of time on the phone is not harmless and that if you're spending a lot of time on the phone, then it may take away time from activities that might be more beneficial for psychological well being, like spending time with people in person. And then for parents, I think it is a good idea to defer giving your child a smartphone as long as you can.”
1. What does iGen refer to according to the text?| A．Generation with high intelligence. |
| B．Generation in information age. |
| C．Physically strong generation. |
| D．Psychologically healthy generation. |
| A．By making more friends online. |
| B．By seeing psychologists frequently. |
| C．By reading others' emotions constantly. |
| D．By communicating with friends face to face. |
| A．Their teens' chatting with classmates. |
| B．Their teens' poor school performance. |
| C．Their teens' addiction to smart phones. |
| D．Their teens' staying out with their friends. |
| A．Put off. | B．Approve of. |
| C．Think of. | D．Insist on. |
6 . It seems that the great desire among the young is to be popular. And once they achieve
I was forced to
I told Margy that I would have been more concerned if she had been a(n)
I know that it has become harder and harder for a young person to stand up against the popularity wave and to
| A．permission | B．popularity | C．safety | D．ambition |
| A．improve | B．create | C．abandon | D．express |
| A．persuade | B．cheat | C．frighten | D．force |
| A．personal | B．childish | C．similar | D．ridiculous |
| A．think about | B．speak out | C．comment | D．discuss |
| A．leave | B．change | C．arrange | D．apply |
| A．famous | B．important | C．necessary | D．impossible |
| A．believing | B．finding | C．entering | D．handling |
| A．came | B．developed | C．finished | D．spent |
| A．academic | B．slim | C．political | D．instant |
| A．evidence | B．means | C．qualification | D．purpose |
| A．innocent | B．numb | C．complex | D．true |
| A．thoroughly | B．exactly | C．partly | D．typically |
| A．form | B．last | C．break | D．adjust |
| A．recall | B．desert | C．transfer | D．seek |
| A．choices | B．lessons | C．barrier | D．goals |
| A．motivation | B．path | C．hobby | D．potential |
| A．destroying | B．following | C．preparing | D．noticing |
| A．encourage | B．sympathize | C．respect | D．remind |
| A．varies | B．differs | C．does | D．counts |
7 . As data and identity theft becomes more and more common, the market is growing for biometric(生物测量) technologies—like fingerprint scans—to keep others out of private e-spaces. At present, these technologies are still expensive, though.
Researchers from Georgia Tech say that they have come up with a low-cost device(装置) that gets around this problem: a smart keyboard. This smart keyboard precisely measures the cadence(节奏) with which one types and the pressure fingers apply to each key. The keyboard could offer a strong layer of security by analyzing things like the force of a user’s typing and the time between key presses. These patterns are unique to each person. Thus, the keyboard can determine people’s identities, and by extension, whether they should be given access to the computer it’s connected to—regardless of whether someone gets the password right.
It also doesn’t require a new type of technology that people aren’t already familiar with. Everybody uses a keyboard and everybody types differently.
In a study describing the technology, the researchers had 100 volunteers type the word “touch” four times using the smart keyboard. Data collected from the device could be used to recognize different participants based on how they typed, with very low error rates. The researchers say that the keyboard should be pretty straightforward to commercialize and is mostly made of inexpensive, plastic-like parts. The team hopes to make it to market in the near future.
1. Why do the researchers develop the smart keyboard?| A．To reduce pressure on keys. | B．To improve accuracy in typing. |
| C．To replace the password system. | D．To cut the cost of e-space protection. |
| A．Computers are much easier to operate. |
| B．Fingerprint scanning techniques develop fast. |
| C．Typing patterns vary from person to person. |
| D．Data security measures are guaranteed. |
| A．It’ll be environment-friendly. | B．It’ll reach consumers soon. |
| C．It’ll be made of plastics. | D．It’ll help speed up typing. |
| A．A diary. | B．A guidebook | C．A novel. | D．A magazine. |
8 . Next time you’re in a public place, take a look around you, and count how many people are using their phones. I can tell you now that it is probably more than half, whether you’re on public transport, in a cafe or simply walking down the street.
I’m not saying that I am not an example of this, but it always amazes me how people can spend so much time on their phones without actually talking to anyone in particular.
For example, I recently visited London and travelled on the tube while I was there. Apart from the people asleep, almost everybody else was on their phones, and because of the nature of the tube, it is difficult not to see exactly what they are all doing. Of course, being underground it is difficult for you to get any signal, which rules out texting or using the Internet, but there is still plenty you can use your phones for. People were playing games, reading articles and listening to music, and I am sure that as soon as they emerged from the train station they would start texting or calling or checking their emails.
Recently, my smartphone broke and had to be sent off to the warehouse for repair for a week or so. In the meantime I had to use a really old, basic phone just to keep me in touch with my family and friends. All I could do on this phone was send text messages, make calls and play one game. And I loved it. I loved being free from the Internet, and I really didn’t mind not having constant updates about what my friends were doing or what the latest celebrity story was. It allowed me to spend more lime taking in my surroundings.
However, I knew that as soon as I got my smartphone hack I would be one of those people once again. Perhaps I should just go back to using the basic phone and forget my smartphone.
1. Why are you asked to look around in Paragraph 1?| A．To ensure your safety. |
| B．To communicate with people. |
| C．To count the people around you. |
| D．To count the number of people using the phones. |
| A．Using mobile apps. |
| B．Talking with each other. |
| C．Reading printed books. |
| D．Checking social network sites. |
| A．He felt great actually. |
| B．He found it very inconvenient. |
| C．He couldn’t see much difference, |
| D．He felt terrible at first but better later. |
| A．People without mobiles. |
| B．People using basic phones. |
| C．People using smartphones reasonably. |
| D．People spending a lot of time on mobiles. |
9 . Can you believe everything that you read? It seems as if every day, some new articles come out about a new discovery about this or that. For example, water is bad for you, or good for you. The answer depends on which scientific study has just come out. People cannot decide which food items are healthy, how pyramids were constructed, and why dinosaurs disappeared. When we look for answers we sometimes can believe persuasive researches and scientists. But can we really trust them? Here are two examples of scientific hoaxes (骗局).
As far back as 1726, Johann Beringer was fooled by his fellow scientists into thinking he had made an amazing discovery. The fossils (化石) of spiders, lizards, and even birds with the name of God written on them in Hebrew were unlike anything that had been found before. He wrote several papers on them and was famous for those which was revealed to ruin his reputation by some jealous colleagues.
When an early human being was discovered in 1912, scientists at this time were wild with excitement over the meaning it had for the theory of evolution. There were hundreds of papers about this Piltdown man over the next fifty years until it was finally discovered to be a hoax. The skull (头骨) of a man had been mixed with the jawbone of an orangutan (猩猩) to make the ape (猿) man.
The next time you read the exciting new findings of a study of the best scientist, do not think that it is true at once. Even scientists can get it wrong. While we certainly should not ignore scientific research, we do need to take it with a grain of salt. Just because it is accepted as the truth today does not mean it will still be trustworthy tomorrow.
1. What is the main idea of Paragraph1?| A．Researchers and scientists are not perfect. |
| B．Something that we read may not be true. |
| C．Researchers and scientists know everything. |
| D．People don’t know whether water is good or bad. |
| A．His fellow scientists wanted to make fun of him. |
| B．His workmates are eager to become famous, too. |
| C．These scientists made a mistake because of carelessness. |
| D．His colleagues envied him and did so to destroy his fame. |
| A．was in fact a hoax | B．was a great scientific invention |
| C．contributed to the theory of evolution | D．had the skull like that of an ape |
| A．Happily. | B．Generally. | C．Doubtfully. | D．Completely. |
| A．Hebrew is probably a kind of language. |
| B．Truths of science will never be out of time. |
| C．People believe scientists because they are persuasive. |
| D．We are advised to believe famous scientists. |
The scientists did a series of eight experiments. They published their findings online in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS，《美国国家科学院院刊》).
They carried out the first two experiments from the sidewalk near Berkeley. They noted that drivers of newer and more expensive cars were more likely to cut off other cars and pedestrians at crosswalks. Nearly 45 percent of people driving expensive cars ignored a pedestrian compared with only 30 percent of people driving more modest (不豪华的)cars.
In another experiment，a group of college students was asked if they would do unethical things in various everyday situations. Examples included taking printer paper from work and not telling a salesperson when he or she gave back more change. Students from higher-class families were more likely to act dishonestly.
According to the scientists，rich people often think money can get them out of trouble. This makes them less afraid to take risks. It also means they care less about other people’s feelings.
Finally，it simply makes them greedier. “Higher wealth status seems to make you want even more，and that increased want leads you to bend the rules or break the rules to serve your self-interest，’’said Paul Piif, lead scientist of the study.
Piff pointed out that the findings don’t mean that all rich people are untrustworthy(不能信赖的)or all poor people honest. He said the experiments were to show how people living in different social situations express their instincts and values in different ways.
1. By saying “money is the root of all evil”，the author wants to___________.
| A．draw readers’ attention to the research |
| B．link wealth with bad behavior |
| C．show how the saying proves the findings |
| D．defend rich people who do unethical things |
| A．Most wealthy people are not trustworthy. |
| B．The findings were not persuasive enough and the scientists will do further experiments. |
| C．Drivers of more expensive cars are more likely to break traffic rules. |
| D．Students from poorer families are not as honest as students from richer families. |
| A．To show how social status affects people's ethics. |
| B．To show people’s instincts and values in different ways. |
| C．To test whether the saying “money is the root of all evil” is true. |
| D．To show the difference between higher-class people and lower-class people. |
| A．Money is the root of all evil. |
| B．The rich are more likely to act badly. |
| C．The saying is reasonable. |
| D．All rich people are untrustworthy. |
