现在年轻消费者在网上购物时十分迷恋网络直播节目（live streaming webcasts）。请就此现象背后的原因谈谈你的看法。
2 . The ambulance driver, Mr. Goodman, turned on his siren and flashing light, and started speeding towards the nearest hospital, fighting
Coming towards him from his right was a taxi. The driver had the windows
Mr. Goodman tried to stop his ambulance but it was too
“Look!” cried Mrs. Black. “She is
“It
The baby’s color was turning to
| A．against | B．on | C．for | D．to |
| A．worried | B．angry | C．young | D．surprised |
| A．stayed | B．stuck | C．eaten | D．wounded |
| A．people | B．drivers | C．cars | D．parents |
| A．that | B．as | C．if | D．where |
| A．take | B．spare | C．spend | D．lose |
| A．open | B．clean | C．up | D．down |
| A．dangerous | B．late | C．careless | D．quick |
| A．The driver | B．Someone | C．No one | D．Everyone |
| A．pleasure | B．anger | C．fear | D．surprise |
| A．crying | B．breathing | C．smiling | D．speaking |
| A．may | B．can | C．should | D．must |
| A．took | B．picked | C．knocked | D．made |
| A．common | B．normal | C．usual | D．ordinary |
| A．regretted | B．worried | C．panicked | D．forgot |
3 . When making choices, people assume that they pick what they like. However, research suggests that we like something strictly because we have chosen it. In other words, we dislike things we don’t choose. And this phenomenon has existed since we were babies.
In an experiment, US researchers brought several 10 to 20-month-old babies into a lab and gave them two same bright and colorful soft blocks to play with. They set each block far apart, so the babies had to crawl to one or the other—a random choice. After the baby chose one of the toys, the researchers took it away and came back with a new option. The babies could then pick either the toy they didn’t play with before, or a brand-new toy.
It turned out that the babies reliably chose to play with the new toy rather than the one they had not chosen.
In follow-up experiments, when researchers instead helped choose which toy the baby would play with, the phenomenon disappeared. “As if they were saying, ‘Hmm, I didn’t choose that object last time, because I guess I didn’t like it very much” said Lisa Feigenson, co-author of the study.
This is a very important phenomenon in life, Feigenson noted. Adults will less like the thing they didn’t choose, even if they had no real preference in the first place. It looks like babies do just the same.
It shows that the act of making choices changes how we feel about our options. The random choices might become our preferences. “They are really not choosing based on whether they are novel or what they prefer,” said Alex Silver, co-author of the study.
This new finding explains why adults build unconscious preference when they make choices between the same things. Justifying(证明有道理) choice is somehow fundamental to the human experience. “I chose this, so I must like it. I didn’t choose this other thing, so it cannot be so good. Adults make these inferences unconsciously,” Feigenson said.
Such tendency makes sense to us as we live in a consumer culture and must make so many choices every day, between everything from toothpaste brands to styles of jeans.
Next, researchers will look at whether too many choices could be a problem for babies as they certainly are for adults.
1. What is the purpose of the experiments?| A．To test whether people choose what they like. |
| B．To see why babies prefer new toys to old ones. |
| C．To explain how babies and adults make choices differently. |
| D．To study if too many choices could create problems for people. |
| A．Babies prefer bright and colorful toys. |
| B．Babies’ preference largely affects their choices. |
| C．Babies prefer adults to help them make choices. |
| D．Babies’ previous random choices affect their preference. |
| A．It entirely changes our styles to choose. |
| B．It helps us make wise decisions in a consumer culture. |
| C．It promotes the relationship between adults and babies. |
| D．It helps us understand our unconscious preference for choices. |
| A．Babies like what they choose | B．Random choices matter |
| C．Too many choices puzzle the adults | D．Preference affects the choice |
4 . When you were at school, the last thing you probably wanted to do was to spend your weekends going to work. There was homework to do, sports to play and fun to have. But our parents probably persuaded us to find a job to earn some money and get some life experience. When I was a teenager I delivered newspapers to people’s homes. I then progressed to a Saturday job in a supermarket: stacking shelves and working at the checkout.
Today in the UK you are allowed to work from the age of 13, and many children do take up part-time jobs. It’s one of those things that are seen almost as a rite of passage(成人仪式). It’s a taste of independence and sometimes a useful thing to put on your CV(简历). Teenagers agree that it teaches valuable lessons about working with adults and also about managing their money.
Some research has shown that not taking up a Saturday or holiday job could be deleterious to a person later on. A 2015 study by the UK Commission on Employment and Skills found that not participating in part-time work at school age had been blamed by employer’s organizations for young adults being ill-prepared for full-time employment, but despite this, recent statistics have shown that the number of schoolchildren in the UK with a part-time job has fallen by a fifth in the past five years.
So, does this mean that British teenagers are now afraid of hard work? Probably not. Some experts feel that young people feel going out to work will affect their performance at school, and they are under more pressure now to study hard and get good exam results and a good job in the long term. However, Geoff Barton, general secretary of the Association of School and College Leaders, told BBC News that “Properly regulated part-time work is a good way of helping young people learn skills that they will need in their working lives.” In reality, it’s all about getting the right balance between doing part-time work and having enough time to study and rest.
1. How did the author feel about doing part-time jobs on weekends when he was a teenager?| A．Delighted. | B．Interested. | C．Unwilling. | D．Angry. |
| A．Learning to be independent. | B．Gaining some life experience. |
| C．Being prepared for future jobs. | D．Spending what they earn as they like. |
| A．Valuable. | B．Harmful. | C．Necessary. | D．Impossible. |
| A．Students should spend all their time on studies. |
| B．Students should have as many part-time jobs as possible. |
| C．Doing part-time jobs must affect students’ school results. |
| D．It’s important for students to balance part-time jobs and studies. |
5 . Samuel Baron, a student at Simon Fraser University in Vancouver, has traded his 55.7㎡Edmonton apartment for a 23㎡micro-flat downtown. He was determined to live closer to Vancouver’s city center and cut out his transport expenses. He achieved both, but the trade-off was space. “Between work and school, I am rarely home,”said Baron. “My suite functions as a place to simply store my possessions, and for sleeping, because I live in a neighborhood that has plenty of coffee shops, restaurants and pubs. My neighborhood functions as my living room , blurring the lines between public space and private space.”
The tiny house movement has been on the rise. Driven by housing shortage and an affordability crisis in cities across the globe, these micro-suites are being planned and promoted by developers. These living spaces of less than 46.5㎡are becoming popular with entry-level income groups and young people who want to be close to urban conveniences, job opportunities and city life in places like New York, Paris and Vancouver. A report from Neilsen, a consumer research company, showed 40% of Americans between the age of 18 and 36 prefer to live in urban areas instead of the suburbs. However, the trend doesn’t just apply to young people. Many empty nesters have been selling their houses in the suburbs to buy a place in the city.
Rising house prices in big cities have squeezed many homebuyers out of the market. The average price of a new home in Toronto is $733,578; in London it’s $794,549. However, the demand for affordable accommodation near work is endless in cities where land is limited. Thus the micro-flat offers an affordable alternative.
New York City opened a pioneer project called My Micro NY at the end of 2015. “We have built to optimize every inch of space inside, so there is no unused room,” said Tobias Oriwol, the building’s project manger. Similar projects are being developed in the UK and Canada, too.
1. The example of Samuel Baron is used mainly to ________ .| A．show his habits | B．draw a conclusion |
| C．introduce a topic | D．show his colorful life |
| A．The growing young population and rising living costs. |
| B．Housing shortages and the growing ageing population. |
| C．Urban conveniences, housing shortages and rising house prices. |
| D．An affordability crisis, urban conveniences and the growing population. |
| A．Limit. | B．Decorate. |
| C．Set aside. | D．Make full use of. |
| A．Price controls on the housing market. |
| B．Examples of micro-flats in other areas. |
| C．Why many old people prefer micro-flats. |
| D．How to find affordable micro-flats near work. |
6 . I recently heard a wonderful new parenting phrase that I suspect is going to become a regular addition to my vocabulary. The phrase is “benign neglect”, and it refers to leaving one’s children free to make their own decisions, control their own time, and generally act like adults.
Jeni Marinucci, who first introduced me to this phrase, described how she treats her children almost as if they were hearty houseplants: “They should be watered abundantly and you should ensure they get plenty of sunshine. But otherwise, just let them be.” From a young age, her children have been making their own hair and other appointments (after she showed them how to do it). Similarly, their time is their own to use as they wish. On a lazy Saturday, it’s up to them to figure out a ride to the movies and how to make breakfast and lunch for themselves.
The “benign neglect approach” may sound extreme to some readers. Indeed, one commenter on Marinucci’s article accused her of neglecting to raise her children at all, which seems a bit uncomfortable. It’s true that her approach would not work for everyone, but at the very least she recognizes what so many parents these days fail to acknowledge — that our beloved children will spend a far greater percentage of their lives as adults than they will as children, so we parents neglect a fundamental requirement of our job if we fail to prepare them for that independence.
I like that “benign neglect” pays attention to the parental side of parenting, and does not focus entirely on the children. However, miracles will only happen if I hand over responsibilities to my growing children. It’s like the old proverb: Give a man a fish, and you feed him for a day. Teach a man to fish, and you feed him for a lifetime.
1. What is the first paragraph mainly about?| A．Making decisions. | B．Controlling one’s time. |
| C．The author’s vocabulary. | D．A new parenting phrase. |
| A．By giving examples. | B．By analyzing the data. |
| C．By giving a statement. | D．By making comparisons. |
| A．Give them a good education. | B．Instruct them to be independent. |
| C．Meet their reasonable demands. | D．Love them unconditionally. |
| A．Focus Your Kids Entirely | B．Learn to Say No to Your Kids |
| C．“Benign Neglect” Isn’t a Bad Thing for Kids | D．“Benign Neglect” Doesn’t Work for Everyone |
| A．The other driver. | B．Dana. | C．The man. |
8 . While facing Monday, most of us may feel depressed. How can we overcome the depression? Here are the tips for you.
List things you desire to do
Instead of focusing on the dull or difficult tasks that lay ahead of you, think about all the good to come.
Sleep to energize
Though this may seem trivial, don’t underestimate the power of an outfit. In fact, psychologists conclude that the strong link between clothing and mood suggests we should put on clothes that we associate with happiness, even when feeling low.
Set a pleasant schedule
After a weekend of fun and taking it easy, it might be best to keep Monday’s schedule a little lighter than other days.
| A．Wear your favorite clothes. |
| B．Sleep has a tremendous effect on our mood. |
| C．What you are wearing makes a deep impression on others. |
| D．This doesn’t mean sitting around and drowning in your blues. |
| E．Sleeping too much is harmful either to our life or to our career. |
| F．Write out some things that you are currently looking forward to. |
| G．Putting less pressure on yourself is a good way to beat the Monday blues. |
随着电脑普及率的提高，老师、家长和学生对手写字的重视程度降低了。下图是一项调查显示中学生不想改善字迹的理由。请说明该现象并发表自己的看法。
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1.
| A．The city is not commercially busy. |
| B．There are too many temporary residents. |
| C．Few services are offered during off seasons. |
| D．The winter is too cold for them. |
| A．Spend a week in the destination. |
| B．Find a “snowbird” destination. |
| C．Remain in the city where he currently lives. |
| D．Research the destination for roughly a full year. |
| A．Safety of the destination. | B．Tax system of the destination. |
| C．Healthcare system of the destination. | D．The support to get as one ages. |
