2 . We live in a world of countless reminders, and constant push notifications (通知). Every service seems to be competing for our attention all the time. As it turns out, all this distraction may come at a massive cost, but you don’t even realize it.

The findings from new research at Ohio State University were published in the Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance. Dozens of participants were given a simple-sounding task. Look at a screen of four colored squares. One will be outlined in white-pay attention to that one. After these squares flash on the screen for a mere tenth of a second, pick the color that you remember from a color wheel.

Despite the rapid speed of such work, the human brain excels (擅长) at this task. “People are quite good at this, surprisingly good!” says Julie Golumb, associate professor of psychology at Ohio State University.

They got quite good at it, to a point. Researchers threw a wrench by introducing an intentional distractor. Of the four squares, one would be outlined in white, but then another — the distractor — would be surrounded in white dots. Despite being instructed to ignore the distractor, subjects just couldn’t help it. Most of the time, they still recalled the color. But about20% to 30% of the time, they actually reported the distractor color as the correct one, unaware of the error.

As Golumb emphasizes, findings like these are a big deal. We’ve long known balancing too many tasks can slow down our thinking. But the fact that it can literally recolor our memories should give us pause, because there’s not a fundamental difference between colored squares and real versus fake news headlines on social media．

“If you’re trying to pay attention to multiple things, you’re not going to be as good at if it were one at a time,” she says. “We’ve known for a long-time multitasking might slow you down, but our research shows, it’s not just you might be slowed down; it might affect what you’re perceiving in the moment.”

Some students think high of live-streamed lessons, which make learning more flexible, when others point to the many disadvantages such as low efficiency. As far as I am concerning, live-streamed lessons are only good for extremely self-disciplined students, but do no good to those lacked in self-control. Firstly, many students cannot stop themselves from playing their phones,   which influenced their learning efficiency. Secondly, students need an environment which they are motivated to be devoted to learning, but live-streamed lessons do not provide us with such an environment. To sum up, live-streamed lessons what have a lot of disadvantages and is not fit for all.

As we know, a number of the elderly living alone has increased incredible fast in recent years. Main reason include the old people’s preference for freedom, family relocation, the decline of multi-generational families and urban growth. As a consequence, some society problems have already been arisen among them such as loneliness, lack of care and survival difficulty. Therefore, it is our duty to caring about the old in terms their physical health and feelings. As young people, we should often go home and visit them besides make phone calls. In addition, we can try to keep us company no matter how old we were.

7 . On February 3, when 18-year-old Janice drove through Los Angeles, California, something unexpected happened to the four teenage girls inside her car. As they ______ a crossroad, another car rushed straight into them, sending their black car ______ the yard of a nearby home.

As ______ came out from the other car, a bystander shouted, “It’s about to blow up! Get out!” The ______ had made driver’s side door cave in, jamming it shut. Shocked, but ______ OK, she crawled out through the window. Along with two of her friends, who’d also ______ to free themselves, she ran for her life.

But halfway down the street, she ______ that her best friend, Simmons, wasn’t with them. Janice ran back and found Simmons lying in the back seat. “She wasn’t moving,” Janice recalled. She threw open the ______ door and pulled her friend out, avoiding the ______ glass as best as she could. She dragged Simmons a few feet to safety and laid her on the ground. “I ______ her pulse.” Nothing. “I put my head against her chest.” No ______ of life. “That’s when I started CPR(心肺复苏术).”

Had the accident happened a few weeks ______ , she might not have known what to do. But Janice, who wants to pursue a(n) ______ in medicine, had learned her CPR certificate just the day before. Kneeling on the lawn and looking down at her dying friend, Janice knew she had ______ little time to practice what she’d learned.

She started pumping Simmons’s ______ with her interlocked fingers and breathing into her friend’s mouth in ______ of filling her lungs with the kiss of life. No ______ . And then, after the 30th compression(按压), Simmons began ______ and gasping(喘息)for air. The CPR had worked!

Soon, paramedics(救护人员)arrived and ______ Simmons to the hospital, where she received stitches for a deep cut in her forehead. And then she heard how her best friend had saved her life. ”I wasn’t ______ ,“ Simmons told CNN. ”She will always help any way she can.“