1 . Scientists agree that predicting (预测) when and where an earthquake will occur and how big it will be is not yet possible. Therefore, much research has focused on coming up with ways to reduce the damage from earthquakes, rather than trying to predict when they will occur. Specifically, finding more information about the place under the surface helps developers and others make safer choices when constructing a building. This is where Navakanesh M Batmanathan is putting his efforts.

Batmanathan is an earthquake geologist at the National University of Malaysia. He is actively engaged in mapping the areas surrounding earthquakes in Borneo. Faults (断层) are places in the Earth’s crust (地壳) that are weak to sudden movement between masses of rock, resulting in occasional earthquakes. Batmanathan is working to map the faults, as well as the infrastructure (基础设施) in the area of the faults, to hopefully reduce the potential damage that can be caused by an earthquake. Developers and engineers can use this knowledge to plan where it is safest to build and where earthquake-resistant structures are needed.

Batmanathan is using a variety of tools to map faults. Working on the ground to map the area is just one of the methods he employs. He also uses images from satellites and ground-penetrating radar (GPR). GPR is a technology that creates an underground image without digging. It has many applications, from finding the water level to understand soil and rock types for construction projects. Batmanathan and others are using this technology to map faults, and the areas around faults, to gain a clearer picture of potential earthquake damage.

It might not ever be possible to know exactly when or where an earthquake will happen, but Batmanathan hopes that his work will help educate people and better prepare them for earthquakes.

1. What is the function of paragraph 1?

A．Providing evidence.	B．Giving suggestions.
C．Introducing the topic.	D．Drawing a conclusion.

2. What is Batmanathan actively working on in Borneo?

A．Studying volcanoes.	B．Recording rivers.
C．Predicting earthquakes.	D．Studying faults.

3. What do we know about GPR from paragraph 3?

A．It can predict where an earthquake will happen.

B．It can be applied in mapping faults.

C．It can predict the time of earthquakes.

D．It can test the quality of the soil.

4. What is the best title for the text?

A．Mapping Faults for Safer Construction

B．Challenges in Predicting Earthquakes

C．The Future of Earthquake Prediction

D．Technology for Reducing Earthquakes

2 . 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
1. When did the man’s boss call Jeff?

A．In the morning.

B．In the afternoon.

C．In the evening.

2. How did Jeff explain everything?

A．Over the phone.

B．By e-mail.

C．In person.

3. Why didn’t Jeff come to the office on Tuesday?

A．He was sick.

B．He was off the day.

C．He was working somewhere else.

4. How does the woman sound in the end?

A．Excited.

B．Angry.

C．Surprised.

3 . 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

A shorter work week was found to promote employees’ happiness.

Findings from a pilot program     1     (publish) after 61 British companies were enrolled in a trial four-day work week, with employees working an average of 34 hours per week between June and December 2022 without pay cuts.

The program has been considered as     2     great success in the past two months, as employees reported improved well-being and a     3     (major) of participating companies said they would keep the change.

The companies     4     adopted a four-day work week were from a wide range of sizes and were permitted     5     (design) a policy according to their own needs, with the only conditions being that pay was not cut and employees were given a “meaningful” reduction in work time. The employees surveyed said they     6     (feel) less anxious, less tired and were sleeping     7     (well), but the benefits were not limited to workers. Data also showed staff losses dropped     8     57 percent in the trial period.

At the end of the six-month trial, 56 of those companies decided to stick with a four-day work week, and 18 did so     9     (permanent). Charlotte Lockhart, co-founder and managing director of 4 Day Week Global, said the results were     10     (inspire) and findings from similar programs around the globe would be coming.

6 . How many bosses could rely on their employees threatening to quit in mass if they were abruptly forced out? Sam Altman received such a show of support from more than 700 staff after he was fired from Open AI that he was swiftly restored to his position by the board. But this level of loyalty is not typical and may not always be a good thing.

Management experts say staff who are loyal to their employer are inclined to invest more time and effort in their jobs, helping to create an engaged and higher performing workplace. In turn they receive pro notions and pay rises. They have a greater sense of belonging and potentially a longer career at the same organisation. But it is not all rosy. People who are too loyal are more likely to take actions that are deemed wrong to keep their jobs and protect their employer, according to a 2021 academic paper. They might overlook wrongdoing and be less likely to expose corruption. Loyalty is sometimes seen as such a force for good that it can be used to justify bad behavior.

Often companies and senior bosses are the real winner a of employee loyalty. Research led by Matthew Stanley at Duke University’s Fuqua School of Business published this year, found that managers were more likely to exploit loyal individuals. Stanley recruited almost 1,400 managers to read about a fictional 29-year-old employee called John, who worked for a company that was trying to keep costs down. They had to decide how willing they would be to ask John to work longer hours and take on more work without more pay. Researchers created various situations including labelling John as loyal versus other traits such as honest and fair. Managers were more willing to ask loyal John to take on the burden of unpaid work.

However, Consultancy Gallup’s latest state of the workplace report showed that half of the 122, 416 employees who took part in a global survey were looking out for new work. “You can’t guarantee anyone will stick around these days,” says a consultant who advises boards. This is particularly true of younger generations. They trust their bosses less and are not as patient when it comes to career progression, seeing little benefit in keeping their heads down and following orders if they do not see results quickly.

1. What does the author want to say by mentioning Sam Altman in Paragraph 1?

A．Open AI’s staff loyalty is quite high.

B．Staff loyalty’s rosy side in the work.

C．Sam Altman could count on his employees.

D．This level of loyalty is not always good.

2. How did Matthew Stanley conduct his research!

A．Through global surveys concerning a fictional employee named John.

B．By creating different situations to ask John ta take on more unpaid work.

C．By asking managers to make decisions about work arrangements of John.

D．By recruiting managers to read fiction about work traits like loyal and honest.

3. What can you learn from the passage?

A．Loyalty can be used by management to exploit employees.

B．Younger generations are more patient towards their employers.

C．Employees who are loyal are more likely to report wrongdoing.

D．Loyalty to an employer always leads to a positive work environment.

4. What can be a suitable title for the text?

A．How Job Loyalty Affects the Work Environment?

B．Why Staff Loyalty is Not Always a Good Thing?

C．Are Loyal Employees More Likely to be Promoted?

D．Does Work Loyalty Help Career Progress More Quickly?

7 . Yesterday I went to my bank to just sign one document. An employee Mrs. U is like my younger sister and we are _________. I stood in front of her desk for 10 minutes watching her carefully writing in someone’s document. When she finally raised her head and _________ me, we exchanged smile. I told her not to feel embarrassed for ignoring (忽视) me. I _________ my admiration for her good job and especially her _________.

I was also _________ of a helpful officer. One school year, I applied for admission of my favorite course. But I found one _________ was missing. There was no time left for the admission. I _________ traveled to my home village government office to get the _________ document. The clerk said that it would take two or three days to complete the process and I had to _________ the fact that the document was unlikely to come within a day. Then an officer came in and __________ the clerk. After learning the urgent situation, he instructed the clerk how to make the document right away and suggested making up for the required __________ later on. Finally, the clerk made it, the officer signed it and I got my document. The officer was loved by villagers for his helpful and __________ service even after he passed away.

The incidents made me __________ that anyone who offers sincere service should __________ respect and admiration even though sometimes he ignores a close person or a(n) __________.

1.

A．equal

B．familiar

C．professional

D．helpful

2.

A．pushed

B．forgave

C．observed

D．searched

3.

A．conducted

B．hated

C．showed

D．identified

4.

A．proposal

B．achievement

C．emotion

D．concentration

5.

A．reminded

B．informed

C．warned

D．asked

6.

A．document

B．application

C．course

D．photo

7.

A．individually

B．immediately

C．slowly

D．eagerly

8.

A．unusual

B．ancient

C．average

D．necessary

9.

A．turn to

B．apply to

C．lead to

D．give way to

10.

A．defended

B．approached

C．pressed

D．comforted

11.

A．transition

B．account

C．process

D．evidence

12.

A．legal

B．thoughtful

C．rude

D．generous

13.

A．aware

B．confused

C．lucky

D．proud

14.

A．define

B．promote

C．get

D．appreciate

15.

A．guideline

B．image

C．case

D．position

8 . 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
1. What does the man think of his job?

A．It is tiring.

B．It is boring.

C．It is easy.

2. What is the most challenging to the man?

A．Treating injured lions.

B．Attending to baby animals.

C．Dealing with special animals.

3. What does the man advise the woman to do?

A．Take a higher degree.

B．Receive specific training.

C．Raise a pet.

4. What is the woman?

A．A student.

B．A doctor.

C．A zookeeper.

10 . 听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。
1. What does the woman think of her job?

A．Challenging.

B．Attractive.

C．Well-paid.

2. What has the woman decided to do?

A．Try for another job.

B．Learn a new language.

C．Get full-time education.

3. Where are the speakers going?

A．To a concert hall.

B．To a company.

C．To a school.