Which is much more significant to you when you are finding a job? Working experience or an advanced-degree? Well, I believe diverse people have different answers.
Above of all, most of jobs don’t require such a high degree, which means just some few works, such as, theoretical physics, archaeology, or literature, need high academic qualification.
All in all, I think rich working experience is much more important than the advanced-degree.
| A．However, a degree is still required for most people. |
| B．Meanwhile, rich working experience will draw more attention. |
| C．Secondly, plenty of experience will bring you success much earlier. |
| D．In my view, either working experience or advanced-degree counts. |
| E．As for me, I will say working experience without hesitation. |
| F．As a matter of fact, more people with rich working experience become successful. |
| G．From all of these, we can see that advanced-degree isn’t so necessary as working experience. |
2 . At the age of 11, Peter Lynch started caddying(当球童) at Brae Burn Country Club in Newton, Mass. “It was better than a newspaper carrier, and much more profitable,” the Fidelity vice chairman recalls. He kept it up during the summers for almost a decade. “You get to know the course and can give the golf players advice about how to approach various holes,” he says. “Where else, at age 15 or 16, can you serve as a trusted adviser to high-powered people?”
One of those people was George Sullivan, then president of Fidelity’s funds, who was so impressed with Lynch’s smarts that he hired him in 1966. “There were about 75 applicants for 3 job openings,” Lynch says now. “But I was the only one who had caddied for the president for 10 years.”
In between caddying and managing money, Lynch went to Boston College on a scholarship from a program called the Francis Ouimet Fund. Named after the 1913 winner of the U.S. Open, the fund launched in 1949 which is open to Massachusetts kids only. Ouimet executive director Robert Donovan says, “Help with college is a logical extension of friendly relation between golfers and their favorite caddies, because there is a close tie to train up them to be excellent that happens between the players and the kids who carry their golf poles. And for the teens, caddying is all about being around successful role models.”
It is obvious that caddies who are finally successful include all kinds of outstanding personnel, from actor Bill Murray, to New York Times columnist Thomas Friedman, to former GE chairman and CEO Jack Welch.
Of course, the great number of financial giants who caddied in their youth might be coincidence, but Dick Connolly thinks not. “Caddying life teaches you a lot about business, and about life,” he says. “You learn to show up early and look people in the eye when you shake their hand, and you learn how to read people -- including who’s likely to cheat and who isn’t.” Connolly is a longtime investment advisor at Morgan Stanley’s Boston office, a former Ouimet scholarship student and, along with Peter Lynch and Roger Altman, one of the program’s biggest supporters. He wants to share the most important lesson he learned on the links, so he says: “One golfer I caddied for told me that if you want to succeed in any field -- golf or business -- you have to spend a lot of lonely hours, either practicing or working, when you’d rather be partying with your friends. That’s true, and it stuck with me.”
1. Which of the following may Peter Lynch agree about caddying?| A．He could have a relaxing job as a caddie. |
| B．He could make more money from the golf players. |
| C．His duty was to advise the players how to play golf. |
| D．His caddying experiences contributed to his later career. |
| A．Because of the advice from the rich golf players. |
| B．Because of those giants with caddying experiences. |
| C．Because of the great success the caddies have achieved. |
| D．Because of the friendly relation between golfers and their caddies. |
| A．helps you learn to live with loneliness |
| B．teaches you a lot about business and life |
| C．makes it possible to meet with great people |
| D．offers you chances to communicate with others |
| A．Legend of Peter Lynch. |
| B．An introduction of Golf Caddying. |
| C．Golf Caddying into Future Success. |
| D．Five Giants with Caddying Experiences. |
3 . Men and women are still treated unequally in the workplace. Women continue to earn less, on average, for the same performance. Research has shown that both conscious(有意识的) and subconscious biases (偏见) contribute to this problem. But we’ve discovered another source of inequality: Women often don’t get what they want and deserve because they don’t ask for it. In three separate studies, we found that men are more likely than women to negotiate for what they want.
The first study found that the starting salaries of male MBAs who had recently graduated from Carnegie Mellon were 7.6%, or almost $4,000, higher on average than those of female MBAs from the same program. That’s because most of the women had simply accepted the employer’s salary offer; in fact, only 7% had attempted to negotiate. But 57% of their male counterparts--or eight times as many men as women—had asked for more.
Another study tested this gender difference in the lab. Subjects were told that they would be observed playing a word game and that they would be paid between $3 and $10 for playing. After each subject completed the task, an experimenter thanked the participant and said, “Here’s $3. Is $3 OK?” For the men, it was not OK, and they said so. Their requests for more money are nine times as many as the women’s.
The largest of the three studies surveyed several hundred people over the Internet, asking them about the most recent negotiations they’d attempted or started and when they expected to negotiate next. The study showed that men place themselves in negotiation situations much more often than women do.
There are several reasons accounting for the phenomenon. First, women often are taught from an early age not to promote their own interests and to focus instead on the needs of others. The messages girls receive—from parents, teachers, other children, the media, and society in general—can be so powerful that when they grow up they may not realize that they’ve made this behavior part of them, or they may realize it but not understand how it affects their willingness to negotiate. Women tend to think that they will be recognized and rewarded for working hard and doing a good job. Unlike men, they haven’t been taught that they can ask for more.
1. According to this passage, what causes the inequality in the workplace?| A．social bias |
| B．women’s poorer working ability |
| C．women’s worse academic background |
| D．women’s less negotiating |
A． |
B． |
C． |
D． |
| A．Women are more likely to accept the employer’s salary offer. |
| B．Men tend to ask for more money than woman. |
| C．Women care more about other’s interest instead of themselves’. |
| D．Men believe that the better they work, the better they’re paid. |
| A．The suggestions given to women. |
| B．The warnings to men. |
| C．Another reason for women’s not asking. |
| D．Another reason for men’s asking. |
