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文章大意:这是一篇说明文,文章主要介绍了The Einsteinian Revolution这本书,在书中两位研究爱因斯坦生活和相对论的专家,以色列物理学家Hanoch Gutfreund和德国科学历史学家Jurgen Renn,对爱因斯坦对物理学和我们对物理世界的看法的革命性贡献进行了独到而深刻的分析。

1 . German physicist Albert Einstein is one of the most famous scientists of all time, the personification of genius and the subject of a whole industry of scholarship. In The Einsteinian Revolution, two experts on Einstein’s life and his theory of relativity, Israeli physicist Hanoch Gutfreund and German historian of science Jurgen Renn, offer an original and penetrating(犀利的)analysis of Einstein’s revolutionary contributions to physics and our view of the physical world.

By setting Einstein’s work in the long course of the evolution of scientific knowledge, Gutfreund and Renn discover the popular misconception of Einstein as an unconventional scientific genius who single-handedly created modern physics—and by pure thought alone.

As a large part of the book explains, Einstein typically argued that science progresses through steady evolution, not through revolutionary breaks with the past. He saw his theory of relativity not as something from scratch, but a natural extension of the classical physics developed by pioneers such as Italian astronomer Galileo Galilei and English physicist Isaac Newton in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries, as well as nineteenth-century physicists.

The authors highlight how classical physics cannot be separated cleanly from modern Einsteinian physics. The book also includes substantial sections on Polish astronomer Nicolaus Copernicus and Galileo whose methods inspired Einstein. When Einstein considered himself as standing on their shoulders, he meant that, without their contributions, he would not have formulated(阐述)the theory of relativity.

The Einsteinian Revolution is an important and thought-provoking contribution to the scholarly literature on Einstein and his surprising scientific creativity between 1905and 1925.Gutfreund and Renn might not have given the final answer as to why Einstein, of all people, revolutionized physics in the way that he did. But they argue in fascinating detail that, to understand his genius, one must take into account not just the earlier history of physics but also the history of knowledge more broadly. Although not always an easy read, the book will interest physicists and historians alike.

1. Where is the text most probably taken from?
A.An introduction to a book.B.An essay on Albert Einstein.
C.A guidebook to a course.D.A review of physics development.
2. What’s the attitude of Gutfreund and Renn to the popular viewpoint of Einstein?
A.Opposing.B.Favorable.C.Ambiguous.D.Indifferent.
3. What does the underlined phrase “from scratch” in the third paragraph probably mean?
A.With previous knowledge.B.Up to a certain standard.
C.From learning from others.D.From the very beginning.
4. What does the author mean to say by mentioning the famous physicists?
A.Their ideas were rejected by Einstein.
B.Their devotion to physics impressed Einstein.
C.Their researches contribute to Einstein’s success.
D.Their hard work deserved the worldwide respect.
2024高三·全国·专题练习

2 . Teens and younger children are reading a lot less for fun, according to a Common Sense Media report published Monday.

While the decline over the past decade is steep for teen readers, some data in the report shows that reading remains a big part of many children’s lives, and indicates how parents might help encourage more reading.

According to the report’s key findings, “the proportion (比例) who say they ‘hardly ever’ read for fun has gone from 8 percent of 13-year-olds and 9 percent of 17-year-olds in 1984 to 22 percent and 27 percent respectively today.”

The report data shows that pleasure reading levels for younger children, ages 2—8, remain largely the same. But the amount of time spent in reading each session has declined, from closer to an hour or more to closer to a half hour per session.

When it comes to technology and reading, the report does little to counsel (建议) parents looking for data about the effect of e-readers and tablets on reading. It does point out that many parents still limit electronic reading, mainly due to concerns about increased screen time.

The most hopeful data shared in the report shows clear evidence of parents serving as examples and important guides for their kids when it comes to reading. Data shows that kids and teens who do read frequently, compared to infrequent readers, have more books in the home, more books purchased for them, parents who read more often, and parents who set aside time for them to read.

As the end of school approaches, and school vacation reading lists loom (逼近) ahead, parents might take this chance to step in and make their own summer reading list and plan a family trip to the library or bookstore.

How should parents encourage their children to read more?
A.Act as role models for them.B.Ask them to write book reports.
C.Set up reading groups for them.D.Talk with their reading class teachers.
2024-04-16更新 | 0次组卷 | 1卷引用:2018年新高考全国Ⅱ卷阅读理解真题题型切片
阅读理解-阅读单选(约310词) | 较易(0.85) |
文章大意:本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍的是四个使用独特的建筑来鼓励游客探索书架的图书馆。

3 . Some libraries use unique architecture to encourage visitors to explore the book shelves and settle down with a new book, or use travelling libraries to bring books to hard-to-reach populations. No matter how they achieve it, these novel libraries are keeping the magic of reading alive.

Beach Library (Albena, Bulgaria)

Reading a book on the beach is a classic, and in Bulgaria, one library encourages tourists to do just that. The white, weather-resistant shelves lined up not far from the surf feature 6,000 books in 15 languages, so every visitor can find the perfect beach read to enjoy while soaking up the sun’s rays.

Bishan Library (Singapore)

Built in 2006, this library with skylights and trellises (格架), standing out for its modern art, is meant to resemble a modern glass tree-house. Glass pods of varying colors stick out of the building randomly to create cozy yet air y corner for reading throughout the building. Children’s room on the basement level invites interaction while preventing noise from disturbing those concentrating in the loft y seats above.

The Camel Library Service (North Eastern Province, Kenya)

To fight low literacy rates in the desert of Kenya, the government created a travelling library composed of nine camels bringing books to villages. The library travels four days a week serving the region’s nomadic (游牧的) people. Currently the service focuses on children, but with more funding they plan to increase their reach both in distance and the titles they carry.

Macquarie University Library (Sydney, Australia)

A stunning combination of being both cutting-edge and sustainable, this building with a green roof, was made from recycled materials and designed to look like an eucalyptus tree(桉树). It is also state of the art, using robot cranes to bring requested books to the front desk.

1. What can visitors do in Albena Beach Library?
A.Find the perfect beach.B.Read classics while surfing.
C.Buy books in 15 languages.D.Enjoy reading in the sunshine.
2. What do we know about Bishan Library?
A.It was built with artistic design.
B.It is known for travelling services.
C.Children can interact with each other everywhere.
D.Robots are used to bring requested books to the front desk.
3. Which of the following features environmental protection?
A.Beach Library.B.The Camel Library Service.
C.Bishan Library.D.Macquarie University Library.
2024-04-16更新 | 56次组卷 | 1卷引用:2024届安徽省池州市普通高中高三下学期教学质量统一监测(二模)英语试题(含听力)
听力选择题-长对话 | 较易(0.85) |
4 . 听下面一段对话,回答以下小题。
1. What are the speakers mainly talking about?
A.Their secrets.
B.A map of the universe.
C.The chemical in the cells.
2. Why has the woman been reading about the topic?
A.Out of curiosity.B.For schoolwork.C.As a hobby.
2024-04-15更新 | 130次组卷 | 1卷引用:2024届南通暨苏北七市(扬泰徐淮连宿)高三第二次调研测试英语试题
阅读理解-阅读单选(约340词) | 较易(0.85) |
文章大意:本文是应用文。介绍了有关自然历史的三本经典书籍。

5 . Besides getting out into nature yourself, the next best thing is to take it all in through the pages of a book. But where to start? Check out our natural history book recommendations.

Living as a Naturalist
By Liu Huajie, China

Have you ever wanted to get down to the level of plants and see the world through their “eyes”? Living as a Naturalist invites you into this world. This book makes natural history accessible and attractive. It interprets ancient Chinese educational and philosophical ideas of knowing about nature from a natural history perspective. It also introduces key figures in the West’s approach to the subject. This is all done with a humorous and engaging writing style while featuring beautiful images of plants and animals.

My First Summer in the Sierra
By John Muir, US/UK

In the summer of 1869, John Muir, a 31-year-old Scottish immigrant, joined a group of shepherds in the foothills of California’s Sierra Nevada mountain range for an adventure that proved life-changing for him. During those four months, he kept a diary while following a flock of sheep, painting a glorious picture of idyllic forests and majestic mountain peaks. This diary was titled My First Summer in the Sierra, which inspired thousands of Americans to visit the area. It later became the well-known Yosemite National Park.

The Peregrine
By J. A. Baker, UK

In 1965, John A.Baker gave up his work and lived on his earnings, devoting all his time to observing the peregrine falcon(游隼). From autumn to spring, Baker tracked the comings and goings of a pair of peregrine falcons in eastern England by bicycle and on foot, documenting their lives and the environment they live in. Like the bird itself, Baker has a keen eye for detail. The bird’s most exciting moments, like fast flying and hunting prey, are brought to life by Baker. In his eyes, the most important aspects of natural history and its documentation are patience, passion and observation.

1. What is included in Living as a Naturalist?
A.Stories about shepherds.B.Drawings of western figures.
C.Pictures of creatures.D.Theories about natural science.
2. What does My First Summer in the Sierra lead to?
A.Immigrants’ pursuit of an independent life.B.The popularity of natural history books.
C.John’s dedication to animal protection.D.People’s affection for the region.
3. What makes The Peregrine a success?
A.Great patience and subtle observation.
B.The humorous and engaging writing style.
C.The concept of “wilderness” rooted in Baker’s heart.
D.Practical examples of living harmoniously with the bird.
2024-04-15更新 | 50次组卷 | 1卷引用:2024届云南省高三下学期3+3+3高考备考诊断性联考(二)英语试题
2024高三·全国·专题练习

6 . Bookstores are fascinating places. That’s because the books on the shelves can take you away to magical lands, help you learn a foreign language, or cook a delicious meal. But when your community is too small to house a real brick bookstore, sometimes you have to make a compromise. A mobile bookstore that brings books around the country was the result. That is the case for Rita Collins, 70, who dreamed of opening a used bookstore after retiring from teaching.

A business planning class from the American Booksellers Association convinced Collins to abandon her idea that opening a bookstore in the small town where she lives, which would not be sustainable. Eureka, Montana, located just seven miles from the Canadian border, only has a population of 1,517. Collins asked her instructors about a traveling bookstore on wheels and they were skeptical. But she persevered.

Collins was inspired by Dylans Mobile Bookstore, a traveling bookstore in Wales run by Jeff Towns. She contacted Jeff for advice but she was largely on her own when it came to building her bookstore. First, she had to find a vehicle large enough to stand in. Then she had to have it refitted with shelves that would hold the books at a 15-degree angle so that they would stay in place while in transit. Collins named her bookstore St Rita’s Traveling Bookstore, which has been on the road since 2015.

At first, she drove through Montana and then she made her first cross-country trip in 2016. After she retired in 2017, it became a full-time job all year round. Collins and her mobile bookstore have visited 30 states, stopping at festivals and events along the way. While the locations change, some things always stay the same. Collins loves meeting people and making connections. While she loves what she does, Collins doesn’t think she can keep doing it. In several years, she hopes to pass her traveling bookstore onto another bibliophile who shares the same interest and will keep it on the road.

Which of the following can best describe Collins?
A.Merciful and delightful.B.Intelligent and reasonable.
C.Determined and social.D.Generous and lovely.
2024-04-15更新 | 26次组卷 | 1卷引用:题型02 推理判断题(解题技巧)-备战2024年高考英语答题技巧与模板构建
2024高三·全国·专题练习
其他 | 较易(0.85) |

7 . In the past, most libraries didn’t focus much on programs for kids whose age made it impossible for them to be quiet on demand. But growing knowledge about the importance of kids and teens learning through hands-on experiences has since caused a sea change in how libraries connect with young readers. Now libraries begin offering interactive programs for kids, including crafts, board games, and story times. These types of programs certainly aren’t designed to be silent.

What is paragraph 3 mainly about?
A.The past and the present of libraries.B.The reason for the change of libraries.
C.The activities for young children in libraries.D.The connection between libraries and readers.
2024-04-12更新 | 28次组卷 | 1卷引用:题型03 主旨大意题(解题技巧)-备战2024年高考英语答题技巧与模板构建
2024高三·全国·专题练习
其他 | 较易(0.85) |

8 . At first, she drove through Montana and then she made her first cross-country trip in 2016. After she retired in 2017, it became a full-time job all year round. Collins and her mobile bookstore have visited 30 states, stopping at festivals and events along the way. While the locations change, some things always stay the same. Collins loves meeting people and making connections. While she loves what she does, Collins doesn’t think she can keep doing it. In several years, she hopes to pass her traveling bookstore onto another bibliophile who shares the same interest and will keep it on the road.

What does the underlined word “bibliophile” in the last paragraph mean?
A.A book lover.B.A publisher.
C.A famous writer.D.An editor.
2024-04-12更新 | 30次组卷 | 1卷引用:题型04 词义猜测题(解题技巧)-备战2024年高考英语答题技巧与模板构建
2024高三·全国·专题练习
其他 | 较易(0.85) |

9 . David Brooks, author of The Social Animal: The Hidden Sources of Love, Character, and Achievement, appears to be the latest in a long line of writers who have failed to resist the temptation.

......

On the whole, Brooks’s story is acceptable if uninspired. As one would expect, his writing is mostly clear and, to be fair, some chapters stand out above the rest. I enjoyed, for instance, the chapter in which Harold discover how to think on his own. While Harold and Erica are certainly not strong or memorable characters, the more serious problems with The Social Animal lie elsewhere. These problems partly involve Brooks’s attempt to translate his tale into science.

What is the author likely to write about after the last paragraph?
A.Problems with the book.
B.Brooks’s life experience.
C.Death of the characters.
D.Brooks’s translation skills.
2024-04-12更新 | 25次组卷 | 1卷引用:题型02 推理判断题(答题模板)-备战2024年高考英语答题技巧与模板构建
2024高三·全国·专题练习

10 . I have a special place in my heart for libraries. I have for as long as I can remember. I was always an enthusiastic reader, sometimes reading up to three books a day as a child. Stories were like air to me and while other kids played ball or went to parties, I lived out adventures through the books I checked out from the library.

My first job was working at the Ukiah Library when I was 16 years old .It was a dream job and I did everything from shelving books to reading to the children for story time.

As I grew older and became a mother, the library took on a new place and an added meaning in my life. I had several children and books were our main source(来源) of entertainment. It was a big deal for us to load up and go to the local library, where my kids could pick out books to read or books they wanted me to read to them.

I always read ,using different voices ,as though I were acting out the stories with my voice and they loved it !It was a special time to bond with my children and it filled them with the wonderment of books .

Now, I see my children taking their children to the library and I love that the excitement of going to the library lives on form generation to generation.

As a novelist, I’ve found a new relationship with libraries. I encourage readers to go to their local library when they can’t afford to purchase a book. I see libraries as a safe haven(避风港) for readers and writers, a bridge that helps put together a reader with a book. Libraries, in their own way, help fight book piracy(盗版行为) and 1 think all writers should support libraries in a significant way when they can. Encourage readers to use the library. Share library announcements on your social media. Frequent them and talk about them when you can.

What does the underlined phrase “an added meaning” in paragraph 3 refer to?
A.Pleasure from working in the library.
B.Joy of reading passed on in the family.
C.Wonderment from acting out the stories.
D.A closer bond developed with the readers.
2024-04-11更新 | 1次组卷 | 1卷引用:2020年新高考全国Ⅱ卷阅读理解真题题型切片
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