1 . For lots of kids, toddlerhood (幼儿期) is an important time for friendship. Studies show that the earlier kids learn to form positive relationships, the better they are at relating to others as teenagers and adults. Playing together also helps these kids practice social behaviors, such as kindness, sharing, and cooperation.
Even so, how quickly your child develops into a social creature may also depend on his temperament(性格). Some toddler s are very social, but others are shy. In addition, the way that toddlers demonstrate that they like other children is markedly different from what adults think of as expressions of friendship. Research at Ohio State University in Columbus found that a toddler’s way of saying “I like you” during play is likely to come in the form of copying a friend’s behavior.
This seemingly unusual way of demonstrating fondness can result in unpleasant behavior. Regardless of how much they like a playmate, they may still grab his toys, refuse to share, and get bossy. But experts say that this is a normal and necessary part of friendship for kids this age. Through play experiences, toddlers learn social rules. That’s why it’s so important to take an active role in your toddler’s social encounters by setting limits and offering frequent reminders of what they are. When you establish these guidelines, explain the reasons behind them.
Begin by helping your child learn sympathy (“Ben is crying. What’s making him so sad?”), then suggest how he could resolve the problem (“Maybe he would feel better if you let him play the ball.”). When your child shares or shows empathy(同理心) toward a friend, praise him (“Ben stopped crying! You made him feel better.”).
Another way to encourage healthy social interaction is by encouraging kids to use words- not fists-to express how they feel. It’s also important to be mindful of how your child’s personality affects playtime. Kids are easy to get angry when they’re sleepy or hungry, so schedule playtime when they’re refreshed.
1. What does it indicate when toddlers copy their playmates’ behavior?| A．They are interested in acting. | B．They are shy with the strangers. |
| C．They are fond of their playmates. | D．They are tired of playing games. |
| A．Design games for them. | B．Find them suitable playmates. |
| C．Play together with them. | D．Help them understand social rules. |
| A．Giving examples. | B．Explaining concepts. |
| C．Providing evidence. | D．Making comparisons. |
| A．How Children Adapt to Changes | B．How to Be a Role Model for Children |
| C．How Your Baby Learns to Love | D．How to Communicate with Your Kid |
2 . A good friend can help you study. You can have fun together and make each other happy.
Above all else, I look for understanding in a friend.
At the same time, however, a good friend is honest.
There is a fourth quality that makes a friend special. A special friend is someone with whom we can have fun. We should enjoy our lives, and we would enjoy our friendship. A good friend likes the same things I like. We share experience and learn from each other. A good friend has a good sense of humor, too.
| A．He does not look for mistakes in others. |
| B．Real friends share your sorrows and joys. |
| C．Another quality of a friend is reliability. |
| D．Remember a friend in need is a friend indeed. |
| E．Sometimes you will meet fair-weather friends. |
| F．A good friend tries to understand how another person is feeling. |
| G．When I meet someone who is reliable, honest, and understanding, I know I’ve found a friend! |
When you step into a new environment, fitting in means
Firstly, confidence plays
If you follow what is mentioned above, you
4 . “I feel unlikable, lonely and hopeless,” said Lisa, a bright teenager from a loving home. “It seems that nobody wants to become my friend. What’s wrong with me? ”
Like Lisa, many of us experience loneliness. The truth is that all people, no matter what their age or character — even the most outgoing, wealthy and popular — experience loneliness at least sometimes. It’s healthy and natural to want to be around people who care. After all, we’ve all heard “No man is an island.” That’s true. We all need others in our lives.
Solomon, the wisest man who ever lived, explains that if we want friends, we must be friendly and reach out to others. But it has risk. Because we are often afraid of rejection (拒绝), many of us are unwilling to reach out to others. We take a safer way and wait for others to make friends with us. But if we want friends, we’ve got to get beyond this.
If making friends is your goal as well, you need to consider taking some measures (措施).
Be willing to take the initiative (主动权). If you see someone whom you would like to know, don’t wait for her to make the first move. Get close to her and begin a conversation. Let her know in a non aggressive (无攻击性的) way that you are interested in being friends with her.
Reach out to those who are lonely. When you see someone at school sitting alone, go over and talk to her. And don’t let popularity decide whom you reach out to. You’ll often be surprised at the beautiful qualities behind a shy appearance.
Ask questions. Start your first conversation by asking this possible friend what she likes to do or asking about her family. Be sure to ask questions that cannot be replied with “yes” or “no”. For example, don’t ask “Do you have a dog?” Instead, say “So, tell me about your pets.” Avoiding asking “yes” or “no” questions makes your possible friend not end your communication with a one word answer.
1. Why does the author begin the text with Lisa’s worry?| A．To set a sad tone. | B．To share Lisa’s pain. |
| C．To introduce the topic. | D．To teach readers a lesson. |
| A．Being refused by others. | B．Putting ourselves in danger. |
| C．Being treated in a rude way. | D．Losing interest in communicating. |
| A．Shy people are hard to talk to. | B．Popular people are often easy going. |
| C．Just waiting for chances will waste our time. | D．A proper manner is important in making friends. |
| A．It is considered unfriendly. | B．It will leave a bad first impression. |
| C．It shows the poor quality of the speaker. | D．It isn’t good for keeping a conversation going. |
5 . Many friendships hit rough patches. Sometimes it is worth the emotional strain to work through your problems, while at other times, especially when a friendship is harmful, it isn’t.
●Reflect and write down the good.
Before you face a difficult conversation with a friend, pause and reflect first. Think of a specific moment that this friendship has brought you joy or excitement. Using that memory as inspiration to write down things you appreciate about a friend.
●Choose a different way to communicate.
If repair efforts have not worked via your usual tech channels, try another way to communicate.
●
If you take a step back from the friendship and notice that it’s doing more harm than good, for example, your friend isn’t rooting for your success, bullies you, is inconsiderate, or you feel drained or misunderstood by them, it might be time to end instead of mend.
| A．Follow the red flags. |
| B．Mend it before it’s too late. |
| C．People are thrilled to get mail that’s not a catalog or a bill. |
| D．How to repair a friendship or leave it behind if it’s toxic? |
| E．Not all friendships last a lifetime and it’s OK to give up a bad one. |
| F．This indicates evaluating the balance of harm versus good is crucial. |
| G．Then, sharing that list in conversation with the friend regardless of the outcome. |
6 . Being vulnerable (脆弱的) is not a choice. It’s a
Vulnerability
When some people
Indeed, it’s not easy for us to admit our vulnerability in front of others. In order to protect ourselves, we tend to struggle with
| A．secret | B．reality | C．skill | D．purpose |
| A．report | B．reveal | C．replace | D．prevent |
| A．refers to | B．consists of | C．relies on | D．sticks to |
| A．belief | B．error | C．rights | D．nature |
| A．memories | B．lessons | C．experiences | D．pains |
| A．follow | B．analyse | C．acknowledge | D．remove |
| A．claim | B．doubt | C．celebrate | D．neglect |
| A．hesitating | B．complaining | C．lying | D．waiting |
| A．motivated | B．unwilling | C．desperate | D．unafraid |
| A．blaming | B．spreading | C．teasing | D．exchanging |
| A．criticism | B．fear | C．anger | D．hopelessness |
| A．surprisingly | B．cautiously | C．safely | D．gratefully |
| A．bravery | B．humor | C．ability | D．understanding |
| A．impressed | B．affected | C．improved | D．reminded |
| A．stand | B．request | C．strengthen | D．measure |
Dad and Madison were walking through the party store, gathering decorations for Madison’s upcoming birthday party.
“But I don’t want to invite Lucy Gilbert! I don’t like her!”
“Madison, you are being unreasonable. If every girl in your class is invited to a party but you, you’ll feel left out. It would be a big mistake not toinvite Lucy to the party. ”“She never even talks to me! ”
Dad sighed and moved down the aisle ( 走廊). “Lucy is a new girl in class. She just moved here a little over a month ago. Think about how that must feel. She doesn’t know one single person in the school. She left all of her old friends behind and now she has to try to make new friends. Your party will be a great chance for her to get to know everyone. ”
“No, it won’t. She will probably sit in the corner and not talk to anyone. Every day at lunch she sits all by herself. She wants to eat alone!" Madison shrugged and rolled her eyes (翻白眼).
“Madison, I’m done discussing this. You will invite every girl in your class, including Lucy Gilbert!"
On Saturday morning, the family blew up balloons and decorated the house cheerfully. Madison was dressed beautifully for the day, wearing her new blue dress. It was not typical of her to dress herself like this. She usually wore sports clothes because she loved to be outside riding her horse Star with a lead rope (缰绳).
Madison greeted her friends at the doorstep, picturing (想象)various presents her friends would bring her. In the meanwhile, she was wondering whether Lucy would ruin the party if she came. Anyhow, all the girls she invited came finally, including Lucy. The girls had a fantastic time by singing and dancing while Lucy sat in the corner silently alone. Later, all the girls gathered around the table as Madison opened her presents. Opening them one by one, Madison thanked her friends, with a bright smile on her face.
注意：1. 所续写短文的词数应为150左右；2. 请按如下格式作答。
Paragraph 1：
Lucy’s present was the very last to be opened.
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Deeply moved by what she said, Madison held the lead rope tightly in her hands.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________People often have a tough time dealing with their feelings of disappointment. That is when you should give them time and understanding and he or she just might come around before long.
I remember talking with my friend Avery about the coming school play Alices Adventure in Wonderland, which we both applied for. Avery had a talent for acting and she was anxious for playing Alice while for me I didn’t care what part I played as long as I would be in. However, when character list was posted, we were surprised to find that I got the part of Alice and Avery was chosen to act the rabbit. I guessed it was because I hadn’t been nervous at all during the audition (试演). But that situation really didn’t occur to me.
Then I asked Avery, “Do you want to come over after school and we can practice our lines?” “You mean, practice your lines?” Avery replied, not even looking at me. “No, thanks. I’m pretty busy this week.” I continued to ask if it would be OK for next week but her answer was negative and full of anger.
That night at dinner, after my parents congratulated me on getting the lead role, they asked how I felt. “Well, I can’t understand.” I said and told them about Avery’s reaction and I believed that she pretty much threw away our friendship.
“Hmm,” said my dad. “Arizona, don’t you think this might be an opportunity for you to be an extra-good friend?” “Dad’s right,” added my mom. “Sometimes when our friends do well, we feel envious (羡慕的) and don’t know how to act. Try giving her a little time and understanding. She’ll come around.”
Over the next week, I did my best to give Avery some space. I practised my lines but I knew I needed some help since my voice was not expressive enough. Day by day, Avery’s attitude seemed softened. As the rehearsal (彩排) day was near, I made a decision.
注意：1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
One day after school in the rehearsal room, I approached Avery.
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Then came the big day.
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Fiona Famous was a very popular girl at school. She got on well with everyone. From an early age, she had made an effort to be kind and friendly to everyone. She invited the whole class to her birthday party and from time to time she would give presents to everybody. She was such a busy girl that she hardly got a chance to spend time with individual friends. However, she felt very lucky; no other girl had so many friends.
But everything changed on National Friendship Day. On that day, at school, everyone was having a great time, drawing, painting and giving gifts. Everyone had to make three presents to give to their three best friends. Fiona enjoyed the task of choosing three from all her friends.
However, when all the presents had been made and shared, Fiona was the only one who had not received a present! She felt terrible and spent hours crying. How could it be possible? So much effort to make so many friends and in the end no one saw her as their best friend. Everyone came and tried to calm her for a while. But each one only stayed for a while before leaving. This was what Fiona had done so many times to others.
When she got home, Fiona asked her mother where she could find true friends. “My dear,” answered her mother, “you cannot buy friends with a smile or a few good words. If you really want true friends, you will have to give them real time and affection. For a true friend you must always be available in good times and bad ones.”
“But I want to be everybody’s friend! I need to share my time among everyone!” Fiona protested (声明).
“My dear,” said her mother, “you can’t be a close friend to everybody. There isn’t enough time to be available for everyone, so it’s only possible to have a few true friends. The others will be playmates, but they won’t be close friends.”
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Hearing this, Fiona realized what the problem is.
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That night in bed, Fiona thought about what she could do to get true friends.
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10 . I was talking to some friends while standing in line in the cafeteria at my middle school. As I started to share a funny story, my friend Elizabeth
However, I never wanted to ask what “Coco” meant. I
One day, a classmate stopped by my locker and said to me, “‘Coco’ means Elizabeth thinks you’re being
The next day, at lunchtime, I sat beside Macy, who was sitting with another two girls and who had always seemed nice,
Most adolescents are attempting to
| A．interrupted | B．mentioned | C．greeted | D．recognized |
| A．incredible | B．odd | C．risky | D．relaxing |
| A．knew | B．admitted | C．recalled | D．assumed |
| A．embarrassed | B．guilty | C．lucky | D．ready |
| A．quit | B．sighed | C．laughed | D．complained |
| A．mean | B．annoying | C．unfair | D．dishonest |
| A．believe | B．afford | C．resist | D．make |
| A．ensuring | B．suspecting | C．realizing | D．praying |
| A．broke | B．sank | C．softened | D．melted |
| A．expect | B．deserve | C．intend | D．refuse |
| A．caution | B．sympathy | C．delight | D．regret |
| A．figure out | B．care about | C．count on | D．escape from |
| A．model | B．inspiration | C．guarantee | D．reminder |
| A．critical | B．superior | C．true | D．immune |
| A．new | B．smart | C．imaginary | D．right |
