1 . Instead of leaving behind money as a big inheritance(遗产),people prefer to choose to create travel trust funds(基金) for their children. Ten kinds of travel trust funds have been set up since over 15 years ago.
More and more people thought that travel trust funds should be a part of their inheritances. Some people, who stored travel trust funds in the bank, did so to make sure their children could come back at any time. For example, at the time they studied or took courses in other countries. And there are also other trust funds to encourage travel with a charity(慈善) aim. For example, those funds would be given to volunteers who would work in Africa.
Now, let’s look at Mrs Liebman’s case. Her father worried that with two daughters living in Israel and one son in the US, the cost of plane tickets might prevent his children from visiting one another. At a family dinner in 2000, her father decided to create a travel fund which he would pay up to $800 every year. Four years later, he died and so far the money has been used by his kids for family parties. The amount was raised over the years to keep up with the rising cost of air travel. Most recently, Mrs Liebman, her husband and their three children flew from Israel to the US for a wedding and received a check to pay for their flights.
For Mrs Liebman, the money from her father has had a very positive influence. In the past dozen years, her brother’s and sister’s families have more chances to get together to enjoy their happy life. “There has been a new level of connection made. It’s really a good way to leave kids some kinds of travel trust funds when parents go away.” She said.
1. The second paragraph is written to tell us_________.| A．the different uses of travel trust funds | B．the tradition of the inheritance in the US |
| C．the advantages of travel trust funds | D．the form of Americans’ inheritance |
| A．Mrs. Liebman comes from a rich and large family. |
| B．Money should be used to travel with families. |
| C．Mrs Liebman’s father supported the way of leaving money for his kids. |
| D．Mrs Liebman’s father expected there was a good relationship among his kids. |
| A．left her children a lot of money to travel all over the world |
| B．worked in Africa as a volunteer before she got married |
| C．received money from the travel trust fund to visit her family members |
| D．went home every four years after her father died in 2,000 |
| A．Give away money for a charity aim. | B．Build travel trust funds for her parents. |
| C．Create some travel trust funds for her kids. | D．Make use of her free time to travel. |
2 . At the beginning of the 16th century, Leonardo da Vinci returned to Florence after almost two decades in the employ of Ludovico Sforza, Duke of Milan. Nearing 50, Leonardo was already famed for his scientific gift and artistic achievements. Combining practicality and observation, Leonardo applied the principle of sapere vedere (knowing how to see, in Latin) into as many areas of human enquiry as it led him.
Cesare Borgia, the ambitious son of Pope Alexander VI, became Leonardo’s financial supporter in 1502. One of the first tasks given to Leonardo was to create a map of the city of Imola, near Bologna. Borgia had taken control of the city in 1499. It was a key success for the young commander. Controlling the city would require understanding its geography and landmarks, and Borgia wanted the map from the finest mind of Leonardo in order to do that.
In the 16th century city maps tended to be symbolic and often symbolic, enlarging the size of religious buildings. Leonardo’s “Imola Plan” broke with this tradition, aiming to show the reality on the ground, and to provide a map that was of more practical use.
Leonardo applied a mapping technique developed by Florentine humanist Leon Battista Alberti, who suggested that a town should be mapped using polar coordinates (极坐标系). Starting with Alberti’s technique, Leonardo adapted it to record more accurate distances, proportions, and relationships between features.
The city’s public square was fixed in the middle of the grid (坐标方格). Historians believe that Leonardo collected data on the ground by starting at this central point and then using a compass (罗盘) and odometer (计程器) to measure streets and landmarks. Using geometry, he could then fill in the rest of the map.
Leonardo’s techniques gave rise to the first map that used data to accurately show a “flattened city” as it might be seen from above, what is called an ichnographic (平面图的) map today, perhaps the most familiar type of map used today. Leonardo’s measurements still hold up: According to historians, the “Imola Plan” can still be used to navigate the city five centuries later.
1. Why did Cesare Borgia ask Leonardo da Vinci to map Imola?| A．To rebuild it. | B．To rule it better. |
| C．To attack and take it. | D．To push mapping forward. |
| A．They were always of a large size. |
| B．They were often created by religious groups. |
| C．They gave special attention to certain landmarks. |
| D．They continued the tradition of showing reality. |
| A．Cesare Borgia. | B．Ludovico Sforza. |
| C．Leon Battista Alberti. | D．Pope Alexander VI. |
| A．The popularity of ichnographic maps nowadays. |
| B．The expectation of the development of mapping. |
| C．The improvement of measures used to make maps. |
| D．The importance of Leonardo da Vinci’s “Imola Plan”. |
3 . Traveling can be a fun way to gain life experiences, especially during Spring Break-a week-long school vacation in the United States. But what if you’re a student and don’t have enough money for a trip?
● Save: This probably is the most important preparation for traveling. Cut expenses to fatten your wallet so you’ll have more choices about where to go and how to get there.
●
● Plan sensibly: Write down how much you expect to spend for food and hotels. Stick to your plan or you may not have enough money to cover everything.
● Travel in groups:
● Pack necessary things: The most important things to take are not always clothes.
● Use the Internet: The net can help to save money. Some useful websites include www.Travelcity. com, www. bargainslowestfare.com and www. economic travelcity. com.
By planning sensibly, even students can enjoy the travel.
| A．Plan ahead |
| B．Take clothes along |
| C．Don’t worry. Here are some useful suggestions |
| D．Find someone who is interested in visiting the same place |
| E．Remember medicine in case you get sick and snacks in case you cannot find a cheap restaurant |
| F．Before the trip, the most important thing is to make the route(路线) |
| G．Your travel experiences will be remembered for a lifetime. |
Would you like to deepen your understanding of diversity, equality,and inclusion (DEI) as it relates to the field of English language teaching? You're invited to join online conversations on these topics as part of a new reading club in the Diversity, Equality, and Inclusion Community, accessible through my TESOL. Each week there will be a new article used as a basis for the discussion.
In Week 1, August 9-15, we will discuss "Black Teachers of English in South Korea: Constructing Identities as a Native English Speaker and English Language Teaching Professional" with author Quanisha D.Charles. Throughout the week, the author will post questions for discussion for participants to discuss within the discussion group.
In Week 2, August 16-22, we will discuss "On Issues of Discrimination and Prejudice: What Can TESOL Practitioners Do to Support and Advocate for Refugee Students?" with author Chatwara Suwanamai Duran. Suwanamai will post the initial question(s) for discussion and will take part in the discussion.
To participle, join the online community in my TESOL. More details can be found at TESOL International Association website https://www.tesol.org//dei-reading-club
We look forward to having many meaningful and thoughtful exchanges with you.
1. This piece of information is sent by___.| A．DEI | B．TESOL International Association |
| C．Quanisha D. Charles | D．Chatwara Suwannamai Duran |
| A．Asking Dillion to learn how to teach English. |
| B．Asking Dillion to become a TESOL Practitioner. |
| C．Inviting Dillion to take part in online discussions. |
| D．Inviting Dillion to exchange thoughts about my TESOL. |
| A．Becoming a TESOL practitioner. |
| B．Identities as an English teacher. |
| C．Helping refugee students. |
| D．Discrimination in South Korea. |
| Dear Principal Stanton, The date for our annual Desert Path Pride Spirit Week is rapidly coming and the Student Council has been discussing some new ideas about how to celebrate school pride this year. Since Spirit Week is the week before scheduled testing, we would like to suggest combining student festivities with preparation for testing. We want to assure you that all activities would focus on academics while providing fun for those involved. Our plan for the week is as follows: Monday—Math Day would include fun math games in the classrooms and school-wide activities such as guessing the number of bricks in a building, recording times at relay races, and competitions for multiplication facts. Tuesday—Reader’s Roundup would focus on books and authors. Students and teachers can come dressed as their favorite author or character from a book. This day would be great for the contest of “Best Reader”. Older students can share reading time with younger aged buddies. Wednesday—Writer’s Day would display student writing from previously held competitions for types of writing like poems, stories and essays. Of course there would be prizes given for outstanding writing in each category. Thursday—No Fear Day would be where we have our spirited assembly (集合) to get us ready for testing. The Student Council could even put on a skit(短剧) showing how all of us at Desert Path are ready for test week. These are just a few of the ideas we are asking you to consider. We would like to have the opportunity to meet with you and discuss our plan and to hear what ideas you may have for Spirit Week. Please let us know when you can schedule some time to meet. Respectfully yours, The Student Council |
1. Why does the Student Council write this letter to Principal Stanton?
| A．To discuss their plan. |
| B．To advertise Spirit Week. |
| C．To explain their test schedule. |
| D．To invite the principal to Spirit Week. |
| A．on Monday | B．on Tuesday |
| C．on Wednesday | D．on Thursday |
| A．be given prizes |
| B．dress as you like |
| C．get high marks in the test |
| D．have fun in school-wide activities |
| A．The principal will give prizes. |
| B．Spirit Week will be cancelled. |
| C．Spirit Week will be postponed. |
| D．The principal will meet the Student Council. |
6 . After seeing the famous movie series Pirates of the Caribbean(《加勒比海盗》),Alexander Marchenko，a 38-year -old businessman from a small Russian village，decided to build his very own copy of the Black Pearl pirate ship.
Marchenko has traveled all over Russia,and believes that there is no other land more beautiful than his hometown.He decided to take advantage of the beautiful environment and build a hotel.
He had noticed the other restaurants and hotels in the area all looked the same way，so he tried to come up with something special that would attract visitors. He was wondering what kind of hotel he would build when the Black Pearl came into his mind. He decided to build his own Black Pearl ship. Without any ship building experience，he went online and downloaded photos of famous ships to use as guides. And he started working on it immediately. It’s been two years since he worked on his ship. Now，his own Black Pearl is starting to take shape on the Yenisei River.
The 21meterlong vessel is made of wood produced locally,and the ship's“captain” plans to add all the tiniest details(细节)of the original Black Pearl. Right now,Marchenko is working on the interior decorations(内部装修)．He spends most of his time in the workshop,making all the little designs by hand. So far,he has spent 3.5 million rubles.
Marchenko hopes to finish the work this summer. Judged by the attention his ship is getting in its current state; he believes that upon completion，tourists will flock to see his wooden wonder.
1. Alexander Marchenko believes that______.| A．his hometown is cleaner than any other village |
| B．his small village will become a tourist attraction |
| C．he can build the Black Pearl pirate ship with ease |
| D．his hometown is more beautiful than any other land |
| A．Special. | B．Environmentally friendly. | C．Tiny. | D．Expensive. |
| A．hotel | B．car | C．movie | D．ship |
| A．He is very confident of its success. |
| B．He is doubtful about its success. |
| C．He is worried about its success. |
| D．He is not aware of the hotel's future. |
7 . March 25, 2020
Dear students and parents.
As our state continues to fight against the spread of COVID-19, the State Board of Education has voted to authorize the closure of all public schools in Oklahoma for the remainder of the 2019-20 school year.
Jenks Public Schools (JPS) will be transitioning to distance learning beginning April 6 through the end of the school year. All JPS school buildings and facilities will remain closed until further notice. All activities, athletic events, club meetings, school sponsored trips are canceled for the 2019-20 school year.
JPS administrators are working on plans for a district-wide distance learning program. Please be patient over the next week as these plans are finalized. As soon as more information is available, you will be notified.
The time being missed due to the coronavirus-related closure will not have to be made up. Summer will not be shortened and as of now, the start of the 2020-21 school year will not be delayed.
We recognize the disappointment and difficulty this closure is causing our students and families. Our thoughts go out to our senior class knowing they will not have the opportunity to walk across a graduation stage in front of their family, friends, and peers. Please be assured, we will find a way to honor our seniors and recognize their achievements.
None of this is easy but despite our distance, we are still one Trojan family. We will continue to love and support each other. We will always make decisions based on what is best for our students. Thank you for your trust. You will hear from us very soon.
Sincerely,
JPS Administration
1. What is the public schools’ plan for rest of the 2019-20 school year in Oklahoma?| A．Schools will be closed. | B．Students will not have any class. |
| C．Students might go back to school. | D．A distance learning program will be offered. |
| A．not affect school activities | B．be made up during summer break |
| C．delay the start of the next school year | D．not influence the start of the next school year |
| A．be honored in a different way | B．have difficulty graduating this year |
| C．walk across a graduation stage alone | D．have a graduation ceremony without their parents |
8 . People often plan to receive medical exam but don’t, resulting in increasing health care cost. A surprising number of citizens mean to complete tax forms in time but forget to, forcing them to pay unnecessary fines. Many families miss the government deadline to complete financial aid forms, losing out on aid available for child care.
How can policymakers help people follow through on important tasks? They use carrots and sticks: bonuses, late fees, or regulations. These methods can be clumsy, and often aren’t effective for the situation at hand. Reminding people to form simple plans. however, provides a low-cost, simple, and powerful tool.
Evidence is growing that providing prompts, which push people at key times to think through how and when they will follow through, make people more likely to act on tasks of importance. In one early randomized study on tetanus vaccination rates, for example, a team of social psychologists showed that 28% of Oxford University seniors got the shot after being encouraged to review their weekly schedules and to select a possible time to stop by the health center. They were also given a list of times when shots were available and a map showing the health center’s location. Only 3% of the seniors got the shot when simply informed about how effective the shots were.
People who make a plan gain an advantage from their psychological forces. Specifically, they can overcome the tendency to put off as well as the tendency to be overly optimistic about the time it will take to accomplish a task. Imagine Sarah who wants to renew a car insurance, but it will require two hours of travel to and from a garage. Making a plan may lead her to lake two hours off and have her responsibilities covered by her colleagues while she is away. Moreover, she will be less likely to underestimate the time needed to accomplish the task—a particularly common problem for complex tasks.
People mistakenly believe that their strong intentions are enough to push them to perform desired behaviors. These psychological research results stress the need for policy decisions that encourage plan making and improve social welfare.
1. What phenomenon is described in paragraph 1?| A．Heavy burden of daily chores. | B．Lack of task management skills. |
| C．Disappointment of over-ambitions. | D．Failure to achieve original intentions. |
| A．People need to think deeply before they act. |
| B．Specific reminders help people accomplish plans. |
| C．Awareness of task significance matters in planning. |
| D．Seniors need encouragement to have vaccination shots. |
| A．They are realistic in the time required. | B．They are optimistic about the outcome. |
| C．They are confident to overcome hardship. | D．They are careful with task arrangements. |
| A．Medical staff. | B．Government officials. |
| C．Ordinary people. | D．Social psychologists. |
9 . Eat healthier. Exercise twice a week. Read more books. Lose weight. We make the same resolutions (决心) every year, but most of us fail, dying out after only a few days or, at best, weeks. Even the most successful among us crash and burn when it comes to personal change. President Barack Obama struggles to get out of his cigarette habit.
Professionals who help people make changes in their lives suggest the change is decided not by one’s surroundings, but one’s mind. Beginning with small goals or steps usually leads to a better result later, they say. But they notice that the experience is different for everyone.
“People are more likely to make positive changes in their lives not only when their friends do, but when their friends of friends do, and when their friends of friends of friends do,” said Nicholas Christakis, a professor of medical sociology at Harvard University. “People are better able to make changes in their lives—lose weight, quit smoking, become happy—when they do this with a large number of other people, and so taking advantage of your social network ties can contribute to your own efforts.”
Johnny Augustin understands that well. His resolution for 2008 was to reduce 30 pounds from his 237-pound frame. But the change didn’t come easily. He said, “I’m a huge procrastinator, I kept putting it off until tomorrow. I didn’t get to do it until the summer.” However, Augustin got encouraged when he saw his older brother working out. Today, Augustin weighs 190 pounds.
“Of course, change can happen only if people don’t set their expectations too high or try to deal with too many changes at once; one of the biggest mistakes we make is setting unrealistic goals,” said Dalia Liera, a psychologist at Lesley University. “You can’t accomplish in a few weeks what you haven’t accomplished in a few years,” said Liera.
1. From the first paragraph we can infer that _________.| A．change for a person is challenging |
| B．famous people have great resolutions |
| C．most people don’t want to change themselves |
| D．personal change is beyond belief |
| A．have great determination to make a change |
| B．put off work especially because of laziness |
| C．have habitual carelessness and laziness |
| D．have no desire to do something great |
| A．people should understand their goals well |
| B．people should try their best to change themselves |
| C．people should have confidence and positive habits |
| D．people should start with setting small goals to meet |
10 . Forget losing weight or saving money—we suggest one simple task to add to your list of inspiring New Year's decisions: read a book. Trust us, and your brain will thank you. Not only does reading increase the amount of daily pleasure in your life, but it could also delay dementia (痴呆) and even help you live longer.
But still, picking the perfect novel isn't easy. Thankfully, Business Insider asked a Harvard professor to recommend the one book he thinks every student should read in 2019—and we suggest adding it to your list, too. (No time for all the books on your list? Here's a shortcut: Read the endings to some of the world's most famous books, instead.)
Steven Pinker, Professor of Psychology at Harvard, recommends The Internationalists by legal scholars Hathaway and Shapiro. The book makes a surprising statement that the Kellogg-Briand Paris Peace Pact (条约) of 1928, which declared war illegal, has caused a steady drop in war throughout history.
“But in their fascinating and evidence-rich book, they make a lifelike case,” Pinker said. “And like The Clash of Civilizations and The End of History, the book presents a sweeping vision (视野) of the international scene, making sense of many developments in the news and recent history.”
Other professors at Harvard recommended classics like Anna Karenina by Tolstoy, as well as Just Mercy by Stevenson, The Theory of Moral Sentiments by Adam Smith, and Robot-Proof by Joseph Aoun.
So, go ahead and give (at least) one of these books a read in 2019! And while you're at it, you should add the following 20 books you really should have read by now to your list, too…
1. Which has the closest meaning to the underlined word “shortcut” in the 2nd paragraph?| A．A time-saving way to read books. |
| B．A lazy person's way to read books. |
| C．A quick way to know about endings of books. |
| D．A wise way to deal with too many books to read. |
| A．The Paris Peace Pact. | B．The Internationalists. |
| C．Hathaway and Shapiro. | D．A wide vision of the international scene. |
| A．More advice on reading books. |
| B．The names of the 20 books recommended. |
| C．The main contents of the 20 books recommended. |
| D．The brief introduction of the 20 books recommended. |
