1 . Globalization has significantly influenced food consumption in most parts of world, but one country whose food has a long history of being globalized is Italy. If you walk down any main street in any major world city, you will find at least one Italian restaurant. Furthermore, Italy has seen changes in its own eating habits due to influence from other countries.
Food has always been very important for Italian families. Italians take a lot of pride in the making and preparation of food. Until recently, pastas — a basic Italian food — would have been made by people in their local area. Families would also have made the sauces to eat with the pasta at home.
Nowadays, however, Italian eating habits appear to have changed. People no longer spend so much time preparing their meals. Indeed, frozen or takeaway Italian meals have become very popular in Italy. Furthermore, dried pasta is now mass-produced and sold relatively cheaply in the last five years, according to one manufacturer.
These changes have both advantages and disadvantages. On the plus side, globalization has increased the range of food available in Italy. Italians now have much more choice in terms of what they eat. They also do not need to spend so long preparing and making food, unless of course they want to. In contrast, it can be argued that large restaurant chains are becoming increasingly powerful, resulting in the destruction of local and national specialties.
A.There is a difference between the food that people eat in the countryside and the food people eat in big cities. |
B.Consequently, many Italians worry that they are losing their sense of nationality, as foreign food becomes more common. |
C.In addition, people’s opportunity to experiment with foreign food was very limited, since only pizza and pasta were available in the local town square. |
D.Possibly the global popularity of Italian eating habits is the increasing popularity of foreign cuisine, especially Indian, Chinese and Japanese foods. |
E.Another important change in Italian eating habits is the increasing popularity of foreign cuisine, especially Indian, Chinese and Japanese foods. |
F.Globalization has had a significant influence on the way that Italians eat. |
A.The big one. | B.The one on the other side. |
C.The middle one. | D.The one on the far right. |
3 . The Slow Food Movement started in Rome, Italy in 1986. When a new McDonalds was opening near a beautiful historic place, some people stood outside the restaurant and shouted, “We do not want fast food. We want slow food!”
Carlo wanted people to care about where their foods came from and how their foods made their culture special. So he started a group to encourage this idea. It soon became the Slow Food Movement.
First, what is good food? Good food is fresh. The vegetables are eaten close to the place where they are grown. The fish hasn’t been sitting for days before it is eaten. Good food is seasonable. It should be grown at the best time of the year for that food. Good food satisfies the senses. It should look good, smell good and taste good. And finally, good food is cultural food. Each country has special foods that make it different.
Second, food should be clean.
And third, food should be fair. Food should not cost too much money.
A.Its goal is to have good, clean, fair food for all people. |
B.Today, there are great concerns about the way people grow and produce food. |
C.It should arrive on our plates in the cleanest and most environmentally responsible way. |
D.All people should be able to purchase healthy food. |
E.This event wasn’t the only thing that started the Slow Food Movement. |
F.Today the Slow Food Movement has already expanded out of Italy. |
假如你是明启中学的高一学生李敏,得知学校网站发起了一个关于“我与传统美食的故事”的征稿活动。你对此很感兴趣,并积极投稿。你的稿件内容包括:
1.简单介绍你最喜欢的一款传统美食;
2.叙述美食背后的个人故事。
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5 . Globalization has significantly influenced food consumption in most parts of the world, but one country whose food has a long history of being globalized is Italy. If you walk down any main street in any major world city, you will find at least one Italian restaurant. Furthermore, Italy has seen changes in its own eating habits due to influence from other countries.
Food has always been very important for Italian families. Italians take a lot of pride in the making and preparation of food. Until recently, pasta——a basic Italian food——would have been made by people in their local area. Families would also have made the sauces to eat with the pasta at home.
Nowadays, however, Italian eating habits appear to have changed. people no longer spend so much time preparing their meals. Indeed, frozen or takeaway Italian meals have become very popular in Italy. Furthermore, dried pasta is now mass-produced and sold relatively cheaply in the supermarkets. Ready-made pasta sauces are also increasingly popular—sales have doubled in the last five years, according to one manufacturer.
These changes have both advantages and disadvantages. On the plus side, globalization has increased the range of food available in Italy. Italians now have much more choice in terms of what they eat. They also do not need to spend so long preparing and making food, unless of course they want to. In contrast, it can be argued that large restaurant chains are becoming increasingly powerful, resulting in the destruction of local and national specialties.
A.There is a difference between the food that people eat in the countryside and the food people eat in big cities. |
B.Consequently, many Italians worry that they are losing their sense of nationality, as foreign food becomes more common. |
C.In addition, people’s opportunity to experiment with foreign food was very limited, since only pizza and pasta were available in the local town square. |
D.Possibly the global popularity of Italian food will ensure that it survives. |
E.Another important change in Italian eating habits is the increasing popularity of foreign cuisine, especially Indian, Chinese and Japanese foods. |
F.Globalization has had a significant influence on the way that Italians eat. |
A. serve B. shape C. sharing D. released E. spread F. willingly G. questioned H. separately I. practice J. preparing K.creating |
Communal Eating?
In China, communal eating (合餐共食) is considered very important for forming a close relationship. In the memories of most Chinese, one of the happiest moments in their lives was seated around a table with families or friends,
In the campaign against the COVID-19 outbreak, this dining tradition has been greatly
Communal eating has thus become a target of both governments and restaurants. Posters have been
These changes are likely to continue and could be encouraged by local regulations, as eating together
The move away from a traditional cultural
Men may eat more in summer
Winter may be seen as the time to fill up with food, but in fact, sunny summer months are when men eat more calories—unlike women.
The effect seems to occur because sunlight makes the skin release an appetite-stimulating hormone (激素), says Carmit Levy at Tel Aviv University in Israel. Levy and her colleagues noticed the effect in experiments in mice, in which male animals exposed to UV light (紫外线) ate more food.
To see if humans do the same, the team used data on about 3000 people who had filled in questionnaires as part of the Israeli government’s national health and nutrition survey. Between March and September, the men consumed about 17 per cent more calories per day than they did during the rest of the year, while the women’s food intake stayed about the same.
Human appetite is influenced by many complex systems, but a substance called ghrelin, a hormone produced in the body that stimulates appetite, seems to be the only hormone that directly stimulates eating. It was thought to be mainly produced by the stomach when empty. “It tells the brain to eat more,” says Caroline Gorvin at the University of Birmingham, UK.
Further investigation revealed that exposing male mice to UVB (紫外线 B 段波) radiation, which is present in sunlight, raised levels of ghrelin production by fat cells in their skin. This was blocked by the female sex hormone, which may explain why the effect wasn’t seen in the female mice or the women. Boosted ghrelin production was also seen in men’s skin samples that were exposed to UV light in the lab.
Skin hasn’t previously been thought to play a role in appetite, says Gorvin. The reason for the effect is unclear, but it may be an adaptive response to fuel greater physical activity in summer, says Levy.
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8 . Dining in China: Culture Shock
Before coming to China, I thought of Chinese food as General Tso’s chicken, egg rolls, and fortune cookies.
For one, the community style of dining was new to me. In America, I was used to sharing an appetizer with someone sometimes and then everyone ordering their own main course. In China, many dishes are ordered and placed on a lazy Susan. The table is spun around and you grab what you like. And we’re not just talking a starter, a main, and dessert here; a Chinese dinner is a marathon of food.
Using chopsticks was also new to me and took quite some time to get used to. It was always embarrassing at first when I couldn’t grab something tasty from the moving table and had to wait until the next time around. After years of practice, I can now confidently snatch a peanut as it’s flying by me on a lazy Susan-practice really does make perfect! In the first few months, I was laughed at so many times by Chinese people while they watched me struggle with chopsticks. That probably explains why one of my favorite things to do while dining out in many Western restaurants in town is watching young, trendy Chinese people struggle with their forks and knives.
I had eaten chow mein before, as well as egg fried rice and Kung Pao chicken, but there were plenty of Chinese dishes that gave me culture shock in my first few months here.
Despite all of this food-related culture shock, I can honestly say that one of the best things about living here is the food and dining out. Chinese cuisine is so complex and varied that you could spend an entire lifetime here and not taste it all.
A.People often ask me about what food I miss the most from back home. |
B.I understand that Chinese food is closely related to the Chinese way of life. |
C.After arriving here, I quickly found out that not a single one of those things is served in China. |
D.For example, Chinese people enjoy eating just about any part of an animal. |
E.When Chinese people place an order, they are expecting a series of courses. |
F.Usually it starts out with some cold dishes, and then moves into a wide variety of main courses. |
9 . Different countries have different tipping customs. When you travel, you need to know how to tip in the country that you’re in; otherwise you’ll leave servers angry everywhere you go.Here are just a few guidelines to tipping around the world.
BrazilThere will always be a standard 10% service charge added to your bill, and you won’t necessarily have to tip. If you do feel like being generous, an extra 5-10% will really make your server very happy. Just remember to do this as skillfully as possible—Brazilians don’t make a big show of this.
DubaiIn Dubai it’s a rule for restaurants to charge 10% tip on all restaurant and bar bills. You can add a couple of dirhams(迪拉姆,货币单位)to this if you feel like it. Waiters are not paid very much in Dubai, so it is always very appreciated.
GermanyGerman bars and restaurants will include the tip as part of what you owe, but that’s not all you have to pay. It is a custom to round the bill up after that, usually to the euro. This can be anywhere from 5-10%. When it’s time to settle up, you won’t get a bill: your waiter tells you the total and then you tell them how much you want to pay, including your “tip”, and hand over the money.
Czech RepublicWhile locals in the Czech Republic don’t leave tips, that doesn’t mean you’re off the hook.Foreign tourists are definitely expected to leave some kind of tip for service—as long as you’re in a high tourist traffic area, like Prague for instance. The standard tip is 10%.
IndiaIf you like the service, go ahead and tip your server 5-10%. You have to adjust that amount though, based on how big the meal you’re eating is. If the bill is for a small meal, and totals less than 300 rupees, tip the full 10%. If the bill is higher, tip towards the 5%.
1. In which country do customers have to tip at least 10% for the service?A.Dubai | B.India |
C.Germany | D.Czech Republic |
A.Dubai | B.Germany |
C.India | D.Czech Republic |
A.10 | B.80 |
C.120 | D.200 |