1 . What have humans done to deserve dogs? They greet us when we come home, comfort us when we’re sad and generally act as loyal companions.

Now, researchers are investigating whether tumors (肿瘤) in dogs may help treat tumors in humans. In early April, the Jackson Laboratory began collecting samples of canine (犬的) tumors. Cells from these tumors inserted into mice could help test new drugs and improve our understanding about how cancer develops and progresses.

Although cancer results from many factors, genes play a critical role. That means the genetic makeup of a tumor can help determine which drugs work against it. So having a broad and diverse pool of genetic makeups increases the chances of finding the right way to attack each disease. This thinking is particularly relevant for rare cancers and rare mutations (突变). Drawing from a larger pool means more genetic mutations to research.

And using tumors from dogs is a nearly ideal way to widen that pool. They’re exposed to many of the same environmental factors that might cause cancer in their owners, notes Dr. Christopher Fulkerson. Some bone and brain cancers are far more common in dogs than they are in people, making samples easier to find.

In many cases, the cells in a dog’s cancer look and act the same as they would in a human. They can even carry the same genetic mutations. However, not all canine cancers will be particularly helpful for human-focused research. For some types, the similarities between human and dog diseases will be significant. But when they aren’t, warns Dr. Jaime Modiano, the differences could have serious consequences for drug development.

But even when the research doesn’t advance knowledge of human cancers, it could still help improve the treatment of dogs diagnosed (确诊) with cancer. That's the least we can do for our faithful friends.

1. What are the purposes of collecting canine tumors?

A．To help design new drugs.

B．To better understand cancer.

C．To prove dogs are our faithful friends.

D．To show cancer results from many factors.

2. Why is using tumors from dogs an ideal way?

A．Many dogs have bone and brain cancers.

B．Dogs and their owners are good companions.

C．Dogs and their owners have similar living conditions and cancer types.

D．Using tumors from dogs can help determine which drugs work better.

3. What does the author indicate by mentioning Dr. Jaime Modiano?

A．It’s useless to study cancers from dogs.

B．Studies on cancers from dogs will bring harmful results.

C．Cancers from dogs may not be helpful for fighting human cancers.

D．Some similarities between human and dog diseases are significant.

4. What’s the author’s attitude to the research?

A．Unconcerned.	B．Doubtful.
C．Pessimistic.	D．Optimistic.

4 . The Travel Doctor—Your Guide to Staying Healthy While You Travel

Review by Barb &.Ron Kroll

Contents
★Part One—Before You Go ·Getting Ready ·The Common Sense Guide ·First Aid ·Medical Care Abroad ·Region-by-Region Guide ★Part Three—The World Around Us ·The Joys of Flight ·Motion Sickness ·Culture Shock ·Your Personal Safety ·The Sun Did It ·Into Thin Air-Altitude Sickness ·Snakes， Scorpions and Other Scary Creatures	★Part Two—Infectious Concerns ·Pre travel Inoculation（提前接种） ·Traveller’s Diarrhea ·Malaria ·Other Insect-borne Diseases ·Sexually Transmitted Diseases ·A Few Other Concerns ★Part Four—Specific Concerns ·The Business Traveller ·Women and International Travel ·Let’s Take the Kids—The Young Travel le ·The Traveller with Medical Conditions ·Travelling to Adopt ★Part Five—Now That You’re Home ·Hey Doc, I’m Home
★Sources of Information ★Index

Dr. Mark Wise’s book is a commonsense, comprehensive guide to health, whether travel is for business or pleasure.

Informal yet highly informative, readers will find plenty of basic medical information, as well as many checklists, guides and summaries.

Dr. Wise provides numerous tips: How to prevent altitude sickness. How to prevent sunburn. What to do if you’ve been bitten by a snake. How to treat a jellyfish sting. How you can avoid insect-borne diseases I like malaria.

A table Summary of Pre travel Inoculations covers diseases from hepatitis A (甲肝) to cholera (霍乱).It lists vaccines with course and duration for immunization (免疫).Cartoon sketches illustrate the travel health book.

Author

Mark Wise M.D. is a family doctor specializing in travel and tropical medicine. He has travelled to South America, Haiti, India, Nepal, Kenya, Tanzania, Senegal, Ghana, Uganda and Rwanda. Dr. Wise is also a medical advisor to several non-governmental organizations and frequently lectures on travel health.

More information

Click Travel Doctor—Travel Medicine Advice Book

1. Where are the tips on avoiding different diseases mainly presented in the book?

A．In Part One.

B．In Part Two.

C．In Part Three.

D．In Part Four.

2. Why is the detailed information on Mark Wise M.D. probably provided?

A． To increase his popularity.

B．To provide more tourism services.

C．To enhance the authority of this book

D．To attract the attention of publishers.

3. What is the text?

A．A book review.	B．A medical paper.
C．A travel brochure.	D．An introduction to a doctor.

5 . 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

The centuries-old traditional Chinese medicine scraping (刮) massage, gua sha, has become a fashion among young people on the mainland! who show off the bruises (淤青) it creates.

    1     the youth lifestyle social media platform, a young woman using the account name @hua posted pictures of herself wearing a T-shirt, in which she showed her bruises and described them as “cool”. She is one of many who regard gua sha as an efficient way to ease muscle pains and    2     (tired).

Many shared     3     (they) gua sha experiences and tips, such as using homemade scraping tools and different meridians (经脉) on the body to relax.

The meridians     4     (translate) from jing mai in Chinese, refer to paths through which the life energy     5     (flow) in the body and to organs.

The practice, also known as scraping and coining, is     6     exceptional form of traditional Chinese massage (按摩) that uses a small and flat tool to scrape the surface of skin along the meridians,     7     (leave) red bruising as a sign of released toxins.

The folk-treatment     8     originated in ancient China has enjoyed huge popularity among the older generation. The treatment is used for     9     (condition) considered not serious enough to go to hospital, according to an article in the magazine Sanlian Life Lab.

Some describe gua sha as “the Chinese way to cure the stress from the workplace” saying the pain and stress that     10     (bring) by a session bear more pleasure than parties or a weekend at the seaside.

7 . 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
1. How long has the man been feeling unwell?

A．For about 2 or 3 days.

B．For about 3 or 4 days.

C．For about 4 or 5 days.

2. What caused the man to give up smoking?

A．His serious disease.

B．The doctor’s request.

C．His family members’ advice.

3. What treatment does the woman give to the man?

A．Checking his chest.

B．Clearing his throat.

C．Giving him some aspirins.

4. What does the woman suggest?

A．Going to work.

B．Having a rest in bed.

C．Taking further medical test.