1 . Each year, half a million people die from brain aneurysms（动脉瘤）—when a blood vessel（血管）bursts in the brain. An aneurysm is a bulge（膨胀）in a blood vessel that can burst. If that happens in the brain, it can be deadly. For survivors, physical disabilities are often severe. They may include memory problems, loss of balance, trouble speaking and even blindness. But new technologies are increasing survival rates and reducing disabilities.
Beaumont Bacon is a survivor who makes light of her experience because she is a comedian（喜剧演员）. She uses humor to make others laugh. Now she’s working on a new show. Michael Alexander is her doctor. He operated on Beaumont Bacon after her attack. “She had bleeding in the frontal area of her brain, so right above the eyes. The part that was in the brain was about maybe the size of an egg. So, that’s a fairly large bleed.”
Ms. Bacon had a better chance at survival than most people because of Dr. Alexander. He directs the Neurovascular Center in Los Angeles. The center offers new technologies that include placing a catheter（导管）into an aneurysm, then threading wires to promote blood clots（血栓）. This technique reduces the chances of another burst blood vessel. “You don’t have to open up the skull（头盖骨）or open up the brain to do surgery. It’s all done from inside the blood vessels. So it reduces the amount of blood loss, and the recovery is much faster.”
For Beaumont Bacon’s recovery, the hospital worked to prevent problems commonly found in patients with a burst aneurysm. The problems include brain swelling that can shut down blood vessels. She spent a month in a coma（昏迷）—unable to communicate with doctors, friends and loved ones. But with a year of treatment, she recovered. Now, she is making people laugh.
1. What do you know about aneurysms?| A．No technologies can treat them nowadays. |
| B．They may cause severe disabilities. |
| C．Few people die from them every year. |
| D．They are deadly wherever they happen. |
| A．it is much faster for the patient to recover |
| B．it brings no problems after the operation |
| C．it reduces the amount of blood loss |
| D．it doesn’t need to open up the brain to operate |
| A．was always in an unconscious state after the operation |
| B．recovered soon after the treatment |
| C．returned to work after the treatment |
| D．was the first to try the new technology |
| A．providing an example | B．making comparisons |
| C．offering data | D．giving explanations |
2 . Medical Practices in Ancient Egypt
Learning from the Dead
To find out why people have died,today’s medical examiners perform autopsies(尸体解剖).They cut open the body and study its parts.Ancient Egyptians also performed autopsies to help understand causes of death.In addition,autopsies helped ancient Egyptians study the human body.By comparing the hearts of people who were different ages,for example,Egyptians could determine what a young,healthy heart was supposed to look like.
Keeping a Written Record
The Egyptians not only studied the human body,but they also kept detailed records of what they discovered.They wrote and drew their observations on papyrus,a form of paper.The papyrus records became the medical textbooks of that time.Their observations allowed Egyptian doctors to share their knowledge,including how to treat various diseases.
Edwin Smith Papyrus
In 1862,an American named Edwin Smith purchased a medical papyrus in Luxor,Egypt. Smith was not a medical expert,but he knew a lot about old documents.He knew that what he had found was valuable.The papyrus turned out to be an ancient textbook on surgery.The papyrus was probably written around 1600 BC,but it was based on information from a thousand years before that.The papyrus presents the information as case studies,including an analysis of how patients survived or died.
1. By performing autopsies,ancient Egyptians could____| A．determine the causes of illnesses |
| B．learn about different body parts |
| C．keep detailed records on textbooks |
| D．share what they had discovered |
| A．originally written on papyrus |
| B．an ancient medical textbook |
| C．discovered by a medical expert |
| D．written a thousand years before |
| A．a story book |
| B．a health leaflet |
| C．a medical magazine |
| D．a biology textbook |
1. What's the trouble with the man?
| A．He has put on some weight. |
| B．He has a sleep disorder. |
| C．He feels tired easily. |
| A．About twenty days. | B．About a month. | C．About five weeks. |
| A．Because he was often absent from work. |
| B．Because he was found sleeping at a meeting. |
| C．Because his boss didn't sleep well before a meeting. |
| A．A chest X-ray. | B．A brain scan. | C．A blood test. |
After each of the two world wars, musicians visited hospitals and played instruments for injured soldiers suffering from emotional and physical pain. Today’s music therapists continue this practice, playing instruments such as guitars and harps to bring comfort to their audiences.
Therapist Eric Mammen encourages his patients at a children’s hospital to participate with him as he plays. During visits with 13-year-old cancer patient Lawrence Garcia, Mammen encourages Garcia to beat on electric drums while he plays the guitar. The therapy won’t cure his cancer, but it does, according to Garcia’s mom, take away much of the boy’s depression.
Music therapy can elevate patients’ moods and ease the symptoms of depression according to the American Music Therapy Association. Other benefits include relieving pain, calming tension, aiding sleep, counteracting worry or fear, and easing muscle tension.
Jose Haro personally experienced the benefits of music therapy when he was recovering from heart surgery. During his recovery, he played a piano whose keys lit up, indicating which keys to touch to play along with the background music. Soon, he was playing tunes and noticing something strange. “I was searching for my pain.” He says of his experience, “but it was gone.”
While Haro’s experience provides an evidence of the power of music to relieve pain, scientific research has proven music also helps patients with Alzheimer’s disease and arthritis.
In addition, music therapy helps premature(早产的) babies. Doctors are tapping into a powerful way to teach premature babies that haven’t yet learned how to suck. Doctors use a device that comforts the babies by playing music when they suck on a pacifier(奶嘴). Soon, the babies learn to suck in return for music, gaining weight faster and going home earlier than those who don’t use the device.
Even perfectly healthy people are discovering the power of music to calm and heal. Drum circles attract people who find stress relief in pounding out rhythms. While music isn’t a cure-all, it does make life a little easier.
1. In the first paragraph, the underlined phrase “tapping into” can be replaced by “________”.| A．discussing on | B．looking for |
| C．showing interest in | D．making use of |
| A．went through an obvious effect of music on his recovery |
| B．recovered from heart disease completely |
| C．felt no pain in his surgery |
| D．was asked to play the piano by his doctors |
| A．musicians cured many soldiers after each of the two world wars |
| B．Garcia found much comfort in music according to his mom |
| C．music can prevent people from suffering from arthritis |
| D．the more music they listen to, the faster premature babies gain weight |
| A．Music Is Becoming Popular in Most Hospitals |
| B．Music Helps Patients Recover |
| C．Musicians Work with Doctors |
| D．People’s Life Benefits from Music |
