1 . Personalized medicine changes conventional medicine which typically offers blanket recommendations and offers treatments designed to help more people than they bam but that might not work for you. The approach recognizes that we each possess unique characteristics, and they have an out size impact on our health.
Around the world, researchers are creating precision tools unimaginable just a decade ago: superfast DNA sequencing(排序); tissue engineering, cell reprogramming, gene editing, and more. The science and technology soon will make it possible to predict your risk of cancer, heart disease, and countless other illnesses years before you get sick. The work also offers prospects for changing genes in removing some diseases.
Last spring, researchers at the National Cancer Institute reported the dramatic recovery of a woman with breast cancer, Judy Perkins. The team, led by Steven Rosenberg, an immune(免疫的) treatment pioneer, had sequenced her cancer cells’ DNA to analyze the sudden change. The team also removed a sampling of immune cells and tested them to see which ones recognized her cancer cells' genetic faults. The scientists reproduced the winning immune cells by the billions and put them into Perkins to attack her cancer cells. More than two y cars later. Perkins, a retired engineer from Florida, shows no signs of cancer.
Thirty years ago, scientists thought that it would be impossible to understand our genetic rules and sequence the 3.2 billion pairs of different elements in our DNA. “It was like you were talking fairytales,” Kurzrock said. “The conventional wisdom was that it would never happen. Never And then in 2003, never was over.”
It took the Human Gene Project 13 years, roughly one billion dollars, and scientists from six countries to sequence one gene complex. Today sequencing costs about a thousand dollars. The latest machines can produce the results in a day. The technology, combined with advanced cell analysis, clarifies the astonishing biochemical variations that make every human body unique.
1. What can we know about personalized medicine?| A．It has emerged a decade before. |
| B．It offers blanket recommendations. |
| C．It uses genetic information to help patients. |
| D．It administers treatment intended for most people. |
| A．Promising. | B．Highly risky. | C．Fruitless. | D．Strictly confidential. |
| A．Sequencing her immune cells. |
| B．Reprogramming her cancer cells |
| C．Analysis of her life style changes. |
| D．Identification of cancer-fighting cells. |
| A．Its wide applications. | B．Its recent advances. |
| C．Its major disadvantages. | D．Its attractive prospects. |
2 . People have different ways of dealing with a common cold. Some take over the counter medicines such as aspirin while others try popular home remedies(治疗) like herbal tea or chicken soup. Yet here is the tough truth about the common cold: nothing really cures it.
So why do people sometimes believe that their remedies work? According to James Taylor, professor at the University of Washington, colds usually go away on their own in about a week, improving a little each day after symptoms peak, so it's easy to believe it's medicine rather than time that deserves the credit, USA Today reported.
It still seems hard to believe that we can deal with more serious diseases yet are powerless against something so common as a cold. Recently, scientists came closer to figure out why. To understand it, you first need to know how antiviral drugs work. They attack the virus by attaching to and changing the surface structures of the virus. To do that, the drug must fit and lock into the virus like the right piece of a jigsaw(拼图), which means scientists have to identify the virus and build a 3D model to study its surface before they can design an antiviral drug that is effective enough.
The two cold viruses that scientists had long known about were rhinovirus(鼻病毒) A and B. But they didn't find out about the existence of a third virus, rhinovirus C, until 2006. All three of them contribute to the common cold, but drugs that work well against rhinovirus A and B have little effect when used against rhinovirus C.
''This explains most of the previous failures of drug trials against rhinoviruses,'' study leader Professor Ann C. Palmenberg at the University of Wiscons in Madison, US, told Science Daily.
Now, more than 10 years after the discovery of rhinovirus C, scientists have finally built a highly detailed 3D model of the virus, showing that the surface of the virus is, as expected, different from that of other cold viruses.
With the model in hand, hopefully a real cure for a common cold is on its way. Soon, we may no longer have to waste our money on medicines that don't really work.
1. What does the author think of popular remedies for a common cold?| A．They are quite effective. | B．They are slightly helpful. |
| C．They actually have no effect. | D．They still need to be improved. |
| A．By breaking up cold viruses directly. |
| B．By changing the surface structures of the cold viruses. |
| C．By preventing colds from developing into serious diseases. |
| D．By absorbing different kinds of cold viruses at the same time. |
| A．The surface of cold viruses looks quite similar. |
| B．Scientists have already found a cure for the common cold. |
| C．Scientists were not aware of the existence of rhinovirus C until recently. |
| D．Knowing the structure of cold viruses is the key to developing an effective cure. |
| A．Drugs against cold viruses | B．Helpful home remedies |
| C．No current cure for common cold | D．Research on cold viruses |
3 . At St.Jude Children’s Research Hospital in Memphis, Tennessee, there is a message written on the walls:“No child should die in the dawn(开端) of life.” The message is clearly seen in the work done at the hospital.
Started by Danny Thomas in 1962, St. Jude mainly pays its attention to childhood cancer.Families from around the world go to St. Jude for help, which was recently named one of the best children’s hospitals in the United States.
The hospital’s research has led to several break-throughs in treatment. Since 1962,the survival rate(率) for childhood cancer has risen from 20% to 80%.
Sue Harpole is the chief development officer of ALSAC,the fundraising(筹资) organisation for St. Jude. When asked what makes St. Jude special, she said that the main part of its funding comes from donations. “Once a child comes to us,” she added, “they don’t pay for treatment, travel, housing, or food so that the family can pay full attention to helping the child get well.”
St.Jude organises 30,000 fundraising activities or so around the nation every year. The St.Jude Memphis Marathon Weekend is the most successful of those events, drawing about 26,000 runners each year. The money raised from the fundraisers covers 75% of the hospital’s daily spending of $2.4 million.
Doctors and researchers at St.Jude are continually studying childhood cancer and working on new treatments. The hospital shares its research with other medical organisations around the world, all in the hope of developing better treatments for cancer.
“The important thing to realise about research is that it needs the cooperation of many people,” Harpole said. “It’s not a competition between people. It’s really a competition against cancer. To do that, we have to work together.”
1. What can we learn about St.Jude Children’s Research Hospital?| A．It was started by Sue Harpole. |
| B．It was set up 50 years ago. |
| C．It increased patients’ chance of survival. |
| D．It accepts patients from around the United States. |
| A．It raises money to cover treatment costs. |
| B．It organises activities to cheer patients up. |
| C．It spends 25% less money than other hospitals. |
| D．It has been named the best children’s hospital in the US. |
| A．encouragement | B．understanding |
| C．teamwork | D．discussion |
| A．To provide information about childhood cancer. |
| B．To call on readers to donate to children with cancer. |
| C．To report recent progress in childhood cancer research. |
| D．To introduce a hospital centring on childhood cancer treatment. |
4 . First aid is a crucial aspect of healthcare that can significantly save someone’s life or prevent further injury or illness. Knowing when to use first aid is essential so that proper measures are taken promptly.
Injuries and Accidents
One of the most common instances where first aid is required is in injuries and accidents.
Cardiac Arrest (心脏停跳)
Another critical situation where first aid can make a difference is during a cardiac arrest. A cardiac arrest occurs when the heart stops functioning; immediate intervention is necessary.
Choking and Suffocation (窒息)
Choking and suffocation are emergencies that can occur at any time, and immediate intervention is necessary to prevent further complications. If someone is choking, it is essential to act quickly.
When to use first aid can significantly save someone’s life or prevent further injury or illness.
| A．In any emergency, it is essential to remain calm. |
| B．This can include cuts, burns, falls, sprains, and other unpleasant injuries. |
| C．If someone has taken a poisonous substance, calling emergency services. |
| D．Perform the Heimlich manoeuvre to force out the object causing the obstruction. |
| E．Bleeding and overdose are medical emergencies that require immediate attention. |
| F．This blog post will discuss when to use first aid and the importance of early intervention. |
| G．Blood circulation (血液循环) and oxygen supply to vital organs should be restored immediately. |
One of the premier medical
In 2003, SARS broke
6 . Young German Man Studies TCM in China
Wu Ming is a young German born after 1995. Wu is a big fan of Chinese culture, such as the Shaolin kung fu, a traditional Chinese martial art. He has been learning traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) since 2016, almost seven years. Now he is studying for his master’s degree at Henan University of Chinese Medicine.
As he thought some diseases can’t be treated thoroughly with Western medicine, he decided to dig into TCM. Wu came to Central China’s Henan province in 2015, where a strong TCM culture can be enjoyed. After one-year of learning Chinese language, he started to learn Chinese medicine. “TCM is one of the best-protected aspects of Chinese culture”, said Wu. He hopes to solve problems and understand Chinese culture deeply by learning TCM.
In the early stages, Wu always tasted some Chinese herbal medicine by himself, just like Shennong, a character in ancient Chinese stories, who tasted most of the herbal medicine himself. To overcome difficulties in communicating, he also learned and practiced Chinese, especially the Henan dialect (方言), as his teachers, schoolmates, and even some patients speak in Henan dialect in their daily conversations. Although sometimes he still has trouble telling the difference between Mandarin (普通话) and the dialect, he can use the Henan dialect to communicate with others.
Studying TCM also changed Wu’s mind and lifestyle. He used to be addicted to electronic devices and stay up late every night, trapped in this fast but unhealthy daily life. But now, according to the Yin-Yang principle in TCM, he lives a balanced and peaceful life, practicing good habits such as drinking tea and reading ancient books.
In Wu’s opinion, there’s no big difference between China and Western countries. “We are the same. Misunderstanding comes from being out of touch”, said Wu. He plans to run a traditional Chinese clinic (诊所) in China or Germany after graduation, which could serve as a bridge between the two countries and attract public attention to TCM and its culture.
1. What is Wu’s purpose of studying TCM?| A．To get his master’s degree. |
| B．To prove his learning abilities. |
| C．To test some Chinese herbal medicine. |
| D．To better treat diseases and understand Chinese culture. |
| A．By reading ancient Chinese books. |
| B．By learning and practicing the Henan dialect. |
| C．By asking his teachers, schoolmates and patients for advice. |
| D．By studying the difference between Mandarin and the Henan dialect. |
| A．He stays up late every night. | B．He lives a fast and healthy lifestyle. |
| C．He is addicted to electronic devices. | D．He develops a good habit of drinking tea. |
| A．lacking communication | B．language barrier |
| C．being different from one another | D．mind and lifestyle |
| A．Gentle. | B．Honest. | C．Passionate. | D．Outgoing. |
7 . It was a cold March day in High Point, North Carolina. The girls on the Wesleyan Academy softball team were waiting for their next turns at bat during practice, stamping their feet to stay warm. Eighth-grader Taylor Bisbee shivered (发抖) a little as she watched her teammate Paris White play. The two didn’t know each other well — Taylor had just moved to town a month or so before.
Suddenly, Paris fell to the ground. “Pairs’s eyes rolled back,” Taylor says. “She started shaking. I knew it was an emergency.”
It certainly was. Paris had suffered a sudden heart failure. Without immediate medical care, Paris would die. At first, no one moved. The girls were in shock. Then the softball coach shouted out, “Does anyone know CPR?”
CPR is a life-saving technique. To do CPR, you press on the sick person’s chest so that blood moves through the body and takes oxygen to organs. Without oxygen，the brain is damaged quickly.
Amazingly, Taylor had just taken a CPR course the day before. Still, she hesitated. She didn’t think she knew it well enough. But when no one else came forward, Taylor ran to Paris and began doing CPR. “It was scary. I knew it was the difference between life and death,” says Taylor.
Taylor’s swift action helped her teammates calm down. One girl called 911. Two more ran to get the school nurse, who brought a defibrillator, an electronic device (器械) that can shock the heart back into work. Luck stayed with them: Paris’s heartbeat returned.
“I know I was really lucky,” Paris says now. “Most people don’t survive this. My team saved my life.”
Experts say Paris is right: For a sudden heart failure, the single best chance for survival is having someone nearby step in and do CPR quickly.
Today, Paris is back on the softball team. Taylor will apply to college soon. She wants to be a nurse. “I feel more confident in my actions now,” Taylor says. “I know I can act under pressure in a scary situation.”
1. What happened to Paris on a March day?| A．She caught a bad cold. |
| B．She had a sudden heart problem. |
| C．She was knocked down by a ball. |
| D．She shivered terribly during practice. |
| A．She made a worthy friend. |
| B．She recovered from shock. |
| C．She received immediate CPR. |
| D．She came back on the softball team. |
| A．Enthusiastic and kind. |
| B．Courageous and calm. |
| C．Cooperative and generous. |
| D．Ambitious and professional. |
Special free health kits for COVID-19 control are being provided to children, seniors and those
The health kits include medicines, antigen reagents, disinfectants, face masks and thermometers, and are expected to help reduce
Zhang Chunhong, a senior doctor at the Jiangxia district health bureau in Wuhan, Hubei province, said the health kits
“Masks and alcohol spray and wipes are used for
According to Zhang, more than 21,000 health kits
Yu Meixia, a staff member at Hubei Jiaotou Wuhuang Expressway Operation Management, said she
“For our front-line workers,
“The company asked us to maintain good personal protection every day and immediately report to the company and rest at home
9 . How to Properly Recover from a Bad Sports Injury
Each sports activity has its risks and can eventually lead to different types of injuries. Whether you are a professional athlete or just a passionate sportsperson, a sports injury is never good news. However,
1. Get a Diagnosis
After the incident, be sure to establish how serious the situation is. It is important to make a difference between being hurt and being injured.
2. Understand What Caused the Injury
3.
Take the medical advice and work with your doctor on your recovery. Depending on the type of the injury, go to the physical treatment, do prescribed exercises under medical management, or try some alternative methods like a chiropractic treatment. In one word, do everything you’re told in order to speed up your recovery and prevent potential worsening.
4. Get Enough Energy
Make sure you eat healthy, avoiding foods and drinks with excessive amounts of sugar, alcohol, and white flour.
Hopefully these tips will help you recover from any future sports injury.
| A．Take More Exercise |
| B．Seek Professional Help |
| C．there really is a good side to everything |
| D．it shouldn’t be a reason for losing heart either |
| E．Stick to truly nutritious food, minimizing the intake of junk food |
| F．Pain will be of major help in establishing the severity of the injury |
| G．It is really important to analyze the situation and establish the cause of the injury |
10 . Around 3,000 school-based health centers operate in more than 30 states all around the U.S. offering primary and preventive care for students who live in medically underserved areas. Starting at the centers that treat flu, asthma, diabetes and other common illnesses, they provide vaccinations (疫苗接种) and screen for dental, vision and hearing problems, and some provide mental health care. These clinics bring services to children who need them most and who have the greatest risk of falling behind in school because their health needs go unmet.
The pandemic was hard on existing school-based health centers, and it’s time for government at all levels, to recognize that all children need accessible and affordable health care. As lawmakers draw up budgets, reallocate (重新分配) funds and begin a new school year, existing clinics should be able to operate without budgetary fears, more dollars should go to school-based clinics, and more community partners should participate financially and physically in efforts to bring health care to the kids who lack it.
Yet most school communities that could desperately use such clinics lack them. In 2021 $5 million was appropriated (拨专款) to support new and expanded services at school-based health centers. That money funded 25 facilities only—yet the program got more than 2,000 applications. And fewer than half of U.S. states currently fund school health centers. Although the clinics can also bill Medicaid (医疗补助制度) and insurance for students who have coverage, they need stable funding for operating expenses, including hiring well-trained staff.
Many existing centers had to close temporarily or permanently during the pandemic for lack of funding. One bright spot is that more than 60 percent of the centers began offering telehealth services, broadening their reach. Getting kids the care they need where they need it has always made sense, and it`s more urgent than ever. The time is right to expand school-based health centers to all underserved students.
1. What does the first paragraph mainly talk about?| A．The role of school-based clinics. | B．The common school-age illnesses. |
| C．The number of school-based clinics. | D．The medical service in underserved areas. |
| A．Build more primary schools. | B．Set up free health care centers. |
| C．Prevent the pandemic effectively. | D．Support in-school clinics financially. |
| A．It is more than enough. | B．It is just a small amount. |
| C．It serves other purposes. | D．It includes training fees. |
| A．We need more health clinics at schools. |
| B．Students’ physical and mental health equally matter. |
| C．The pandemic impacts existing health centers greatly. |
| D．Schools are committed to helping kids get more health care. |
