1 . There was a time when the word “surgery” used to scare people, and they would try their best to avoid a surgical procedure. The feeling is understandable, as the idea of a large cut on your body is discomforting in many ways. However, thanks to the advances in medical science, surgical techniques have improved considerably.
Compared with the traditional open surgery, minimally invasive surgery (微创手术)has several benefits to offer. Not only is the procedure quick and less painful, but also ensures rapid recovery. Now, surgical procedures, either big or small, are done within a few minutes to a few hours. The best part about the minimally invasive surgery is the painless procedure. The advanced techniques are helping with quality treatments to patients who have to undergo (进行) surgical procedures.
Unlike the traditional open surgery that requires a large cut, a surgeon makes multiple tiny cuts of less than an inch. For the process, the surgeon uses small surgical instruments, such as a tiny tube with a mini camera at one end. Once the surgeon marks the cuts, he then passes the tiny tube through one of the cuts. The doctor monitors the images taken by the mini camera on the screen and uses them as a reference. These images give the surgeon a clear picture of the area undergoing the surgery. After the surgery, the surgeon cleans the cuts and sometimes places a bandage for additional support.
Minimally invasive surgery has become the first choice of patients with multiple medical conditions. In fact, it would not be wrong to say that these surgeries are now the standard surgical procedures for many routine operations. Whether you have a minor issue or want a surgical intervention for a major health condition, it is the best option.
1. What makes people afraid of surgery?| A．The large cut. |
| B．The great risk. |
| C．The high expense. |
| D．The slow recovery. |
| A．The previous treatment plan. |
| B．The images by the mini camera. |
| C．The standard surgical procedures. |
| D．The advice from other surgeons. |
| A．Patients in need of additional support. |
| B．Patients lack of regular checkups. |
| C．Patients with several medical conditions. |
| D．Patients scared of surgical instruments. |
| A．Disapproving. |
| B．Objective. |
| C．Doubtful. |
| D．Supportive. |
2 . As a student at a medical school, Sam thinks poetry is a big part of his life, thanks to his new teacher, Rafael Campo, who believes poetry can benefit every doctor’s education and work. Rafael is a physician, professor and a highly respected poet.
“Poetry is in every encounter with my patients. If we do anything when we’ re with our patients, we’re really immersed in their stories, really hearing their voices. And, certainly, that’s what a poem does, ” he said.
Rafael worries that something important has been lost in medicine and medical education today: humanity, which he finds in poetry. To end that, he leads a weekly reading and writing workshop for medical students and residents. He thinks medical training focuses too much on distancing the doctor from his or her patients, and poems can help close that gap.
Third-year resident Andrea Schwartz was one of the workshop regulars. She said, “I think there’s no other profession other than medicine that produces as many writers as it does. And I think that is because there’s just so much power in doctors and patients interacting when patients are at their saddest moments. ” Not everyone believes that’s what doctors should do, though.
Rafael said, “I was afraid of how people might judge me, actually. In the medical profession, as many people know, we must always put the emergency first. But, you know, that kind of treatment, if it’s happening in the hospital, very regrettably, sadly, results in a bad outcome. The family is sitting by the bedside. The patient hasn’t survived the cancer. Don’t wve still have a role as healers there?”
In a poem titled “Health”, Rafael writes of the wish to live forever in a world made painless by our incurable joy. He says he will continue teaching students, helping patients and writing poems, his own brand of medicine.
1. What does the underlined word “immersed” in paragraph 2 mean?| A．Committed. | B．Forced. | C．Persuaded. | D．Absorbed. |
| A．It has nothing to do with doctors. |
| B．It is mostly produced by doctors. |
| C．It contributes to medical work. |
| D．It keeps doctors away from patients. |
| A．Capable and responsible. |
| B．Gifted but overconfident. |
| C．Honest and modest. |
| D．Cold but respected. |
Britain’s National Health Service will be offering a traditional Chinese acupuncture (针灸疗法) to treat back pain. This is the first time that it
The National Institute for Clinical Excellent NICE, however, says there is
In the UK, acupuncture is regarded
Some are still skeptical about the effectiveness of acupuncture. Research from the US earlier this month found that simulated (模拟的) acupuncture
Sanfutie, or Sanfu medicinal patch, is a bandage with traditional Chinese herbal medicine. Practitioners of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) believe that
The treatment is based on the TCM principle of yin and yang,
These patches
5 . Cognitive Processing Therapy(CPT), a long-term psychological therapy, is a specific type of cognitive behavioral therapy which reduces post-traumatic stress disorder (创伤后应激障碍) symptoms after natural disasters. Typically, CPT is delivered over 12 sessions to help patients learn how to modify negative attitudes and practices related to their trauma. The goal is that the patient then creates a new, more positive view and understanding of the traumatic event, which reduces on-going negative effects on the patient’s current life. It specifically focuses on the core trauma themes of safety, trust, power and control, etc.
Delivered both individually and in structured group sessions, it allows for multiple different paths to receive effective treatments. In some studies, it has shown to be helpful in cases where medicine alone has not worked. Because CPT focuses on retraining thoughts and behaviors to form practical strategies that can be applied to everyday life. Compared to other talk-therapies, it has been especially successful, because it can be completed in a brief period of time, allowing for a lower patient dropout rate. It also enhances brain connectivity, which lessens long-term impacts of trauma. This increased connectivity is why cognitive behavioral therapy is often argued to be more effective than medicine.
On the other hand, there are also multiple disadvantages to CPT. Due to its structured nature, it may not be suitable for people with more complex mental health needs or learning difficulties. Additionally, since it involves facing up to emotions and fears, patients may experience initial periods of additional anxiety or discomfort. Some therapists also argue that because it only addresses current problems and specific issues it does not address possible fundamental causes of mental health conditions, and because it focuses on the individual’s capacity to change themselves it does not address wider system problems that have a significant impact on a patient’s health and well-being.
However, focusing mainly on post-natural disasters, regardless of pre-disaster health, CPT has been repeatedly proven to be a rather successful treatment approach. Although there have not been studies generalizing CPT for children, it is an effective treatment for adults. The clear effectiveness of CPT demonstrates the importance of patient-specific therapies that are unique to the experiences of individual patients.
1. According to the passage, CPT is intended to help patients _________.| A．learn how to modify various negative attitudes and practices |
| B．cultivate a positive view and understanding of the traumatic events |
| C．minimize on-going negative effects on their previous and current life |
| D．focus on the core trauma themes of safety, trust, power, control, etc. |
| A．Its multiple treating assignments. |
| B．Its applicable strategies in daily life. |
| C．Its higher treatment fulfillment. |
| D．Its brain connectivity enhancement. |
| A．Post-disaster health is not taken into consideration in the CPT. |
| B．CPT proves to be the most successful treatment approach so far. |
| C．More researches might be conducted into the effectiveness of CPT in children. |
| D．CPT addresses the fundamental causes of patients’ mental health conditions. |
| A．The application of Cognitive Processing Therapy. |
| B．An introduction to a long-term psychological therapy. |
| C．A breakthrough in the psychological medical field. |
| D．The limitations of Cognitive Processing Therapy. |
1. What can be learned about the Medical Research Foundation?
| A．It is a UK-based medical center for rare diseases. |
| B．It is breaking ground in tackling antimicrobial resistance. |
| C．It is famous for training next generations of scientists. |
| D．It is a section of the Medical Research Council. |
| A．fill in the form at the bottom |
| B．scan the QR code on the right |
| C．click the provided website link |
| D．send an email to the foundation |
| A．advocating one charitable agency |
| B．introducing some brilliant scientists |
| C．launching an appeal for donations |
| D．raising awareness of global health challenges |
| A．Eight weeks is not a problem for him. |
| B．All the specialists are fully booked. |
| C．The good specialist is worth the wait. |
| D．His back problem is not very serious. |
| A．At 2:00 p.m. | B．At 3:00 p.m. | C．At 5:00 p.m. |
| clinic complain majority staff response harm physician |
According to a recent survey, the
A
In
| multiple decrease severe transform proof blame substantial |
British scientists believe they may have found a way to fight the common cold. It blocks a key protein in the body’s cells that is to
