3 . What happens when you cross stem cells from a frog heart and frog skin? Not much-that is, until you program those cells to move. In that case, you've created a xenobot, a new type of organism that's part robot, part living thing.

Now a team of scientists has used living cells from frog embryos and assembled them into entirely new life-forms. These millimeter-wide xenobots can move toward a specific target and pull themselves through after being cut.

These are novel living machines," says Joshua Bongarch a computer scientist and robotics expert at the University of Vermont who co-led the new research. "They're neither a traditional robot nor a known species of animal. It's a new living, programmable organism.

Xenobots borrow their name from Xenopus laevis, the name for the African clawed frog from which the researchers harvested the stem cells. They combined together well two different kinds of cells-heart and skin cells. The heart cells are competent in expanding and contracting, which aids the xenobot in locomotion, and the skin cells administer structure. Besides, they can't accomplish tasks without the help of computers.

By studying these curious organisms, researchers hope to learn more about the mysterious world of cellular communication. Plus, these kinds of robo-organisms could possibly be the key to drug transmission in the body or greener environmental clean-up techniques.

“Most technologies are made from steel, concrete, chemicals, and plastics, which degrade(降解)over time and can generate harmful ecological and health side effects the authors note in a research paper. "When these xenobots finally do stop working, they fall apart harmlessly.

“Promising as these organisms are, when we start to mess around with complex systems that we don't understand, we're going to get unintended consequences Michael Levin, a biophysicist and co-author of the study, says in a press statement.

4 . People have different ways of dealing with a common cold. Some take over the counter medicines such as aspirin while others try popular home remedies(治疗) like herbal tea or chicken soup. Yet here is the tough truth about the common cold: nothing really cures it.

So why do people sometimes believe that their remedies work? According to James Taylor, professor at the University of Washington, colds usually go away on their own in about a week, improving a little each day after symptoms peak, so it's easy to believe it's medicine rather than time that deserves the credit, USA Today reported.

It still seems hard to believe that we can deal with more serious diseases yet are powerless against something so common as a cold. Recently, scientists came closer to figure out why. To understand it, you first need to know how antiviral drugs work. They attack the virus by attaching to and changing the surface structures of the virus. To do that, the drug must fit and lock into the virus like the right piece of a jigsaw(拼图), which means scientists have to identify the virus and build a 3D model to study its surface before they can design an antiviral drug that is effective enough.

The two cold viruses that scientists had long known about were rhinovirus(鼻病毒) A and B. But they didn't find out about the existence of a third virus, rhinovirus C, until 2006. All three of them contribute to the common cold, but drugs that work well against rhinovirus A and B have little effect when used against rhinovirus C.

''This explains most of the previous failures of drug trials against rhinoviruses,'' study leader Professor Ann C. Palmenberg at the University of Wiscons in Madison, US, told Science Daily.

Now, more than 10 years after the discovery of rhinovirus C, scientists have finally built a highly detailed 3D model of the virus, showing that the surface of the virus is, as expected, different from that of other cold viruses.

With the model in hand, hopefully a real cure for a common cold is on its way. Soon, we may no longer have to waste our money on medicines that don't really work.

5 . How to Do basic first Aid

Basic first aid refers to a temporary form of help given to someone who has been injured or has got sick due to choking, a heart attack, drugs or other medical emergencies.     1    .

Care for the person who has just gone through serious damage, including both physical treatment and emotional support.     2    . Let the person know that help is on its way and that everything will be all right. Also you can ask for their names, if they know what has happened, and then about their interests.

    3    . You’d better listen for the sound of air coming in and out, and feel for air using the side of your face. If there are no signs of breathing, place two fingers under the chin (下巴) and gently guide the face pointing upwards to open up their airways.

Perform 30 chest compressions (心肺复苏) and two rescue breaths as part of CPR.     4    . And then press the chest down about 2 inches at a rate of 100 compressions per minute. After 30 compressions, give two rescue breaths, done by opening the airways, closing the nose and fully covering the mouth hole.

Make sure the person is warm as you wait for medical help. Remove some of your own clothing, such as your coat or jacket, and use it as a cover until medical help arrives. However, if the person has a heatstroke (中暑), do not cover him or keep him warm.     5    

6 . Lisinopril

What is lisinopril? Lisinopril is a medicine to treat high blood pressure. This medicine is only available on prescription. It comes as tablets. It also comes as a liquid for people who find it hard to swallow tablets, but this has to be ordered specially by your doctor.

Important information

To make sure lisinopril is safe for you, tell your doctor if you have:

● Heart, liver or kidney problems

● Diabetes (糖尿病)

● Higher levels of potassium (钾) in your blood

Women who are pregnant can’t take the medicine. It could harm the unborn baby.

How should I take lisinopril?

● Take lisinopril exactly as prescribed by your doctor. Follow all directions on your prescription label. Your doctor may sometimes change your dose (剂量) to make sure you get the best results.

● Drink plenty of water each day while you are taking this medicine.

● Lisinopril can be taken with or without food.

● Your blood pressure needs to be checked often, and you may need frequent blood tests.

What if I forget to take it?

If you miss a dose of lisinopril, take it as soon as you remember. If you don’t remember until the following day, skip the missed dose. Do not take a double dose to make up for a forgotten one. If you forget doses often, it may help to set an alarm to remind you.

What should I avoid while taking lisinopril?

● Avoid drinking alcohol, because it can further lower your blood pressure and may increase certain side effects of lisinopril.

● Avoid getting up too fast from a sitting or lying position, or you may feel dizzy. Get up slowly and steady yourself to prevent a fall.