Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) is a health care system in which patients
According to the World Health Organization, nearly 80 percent of the world’s population depends for its primary health care needs
Increasingly, however, modern medicines also contain substances from animals and plants. Given growing populations, increasing wealth, and the
For instance, TCM uses about 1,000 plant and 36 animal species, including the tiger, rhinoceros (犀牛), and sea horse,
| A．At the police station. | B．At the sports hall. | C．At the hospital. |
| A．Have an examination. | B．Have an operation. | C．Take some medicine. |
4 . A new generation of opioids (阿片类药物) with fewer side effects is being explored by an Australian and Chinese research team.
Professor Maree Smith from the University of Queensland will present research on oliceridine being developed internationally, as well as results of her team’s CYX-6 research project on Saturday at a meeting to be held by Faculty of Pain Medicine (FPM) of the Australian and New Zealand College of Anaesthetists during October 19-21 in Cairns.
Professor Smith’s laboratory is exploring the new opioid, together with the Chinese researcher, Professor Li Tingyou from Nanjing Medical University. She stressed that while the research project was still in its early stages and would consume much more time and energy, laboratory tests had found that a newly discovered compound (复合物), CYX-6, spared laboratory rats from some of the more common side effects of opioids. Strong opioids that are now used for pain relief can have serious and sometimes deadly side effects, such as breathing problems.
“We’ve seen that in the US there are many people who are dying as a result of taking too many opioids because they stop breathing,” Professor Smith explained. “Though it’s difficult, we are focusing on discovery of new opioid alternatives with a reduced risk of breathing difficulty. It is a hot topic in the research world at present. Our application of the compound would be a very positive step.”
Dr. Meredith Craigie, Dean of FPM, said opioid alternatives with fewer side effects like the one that is being investigated by Professor Smith required thorough study, and research into the possible unknown side effects of new opioids was an especially significant step in the development of potential new treatments for pain.
1. What is oliceridine?| A．An effective treatment. | B．A new opioid. |
| C．A kind of operation. | D．A piece of equipment. |
| A．It is found in the body of rats. | B．It is a compound used for pain relief. |
| C．It prevents some side effects of opioids. | D．It is newly invented by Professor Smith. |
| A．Expensive. | B．Promising. | C．Popular. | D．Risky. |
| A．Testing the side effects of new opioids. | B．Inventing opioids with better effects. |
| C．Developing new treatments for pain. | D．Using medicine for breathing difficulty. |
5 . When I turned 12, I started hiding how I looked with jackets and oversized T-shirts for fear of comments about my body. I wouldn’t talk about things I loved because I was afraid that people would think I was odd for liking them or that I was talking too much.
At the age of 14, I’d had what I now know were panic attacks over grades in the middle of the hallways in school, or in loud, crowded queues in theme parks. This led to some long talks with my parents and failed meetings with my school advisors, And I eventually decided it was time for me to try mental therapy (治疗).
I still remember going to my first therapy session,almost four years ago. Before I went to it, I feared it’d be scary, but I was wrong. The first few sessions were just used for the two of us to get to know each other. The following few sessions were used for me to figure out why I was there. I tested fairly high on the anxiety scale.and ever since then I’ve kept going there. Two years later, I started going there every two weeks rather than every week. My anxiety levels have gone up and down because of exams, issues with friends and just plain old bad days. For now though,they seem to remain stable for the most part.
To this day, I still think that going to therapy was one of the best decisions I’ve made so far in life. From the first session that I attended to the last one I went to, I’ve learned so many life skills and coping strategies that I use at least once a week.
I’ve always said to my friends and family that they should try therapy if it’s necessary. For people suffering panic attacks, going to therapy means talking to someone who you know won’t judge you about anything, who won’t tell anyone about what you say or how you feel, and who helps you understand yourself and your life.
1. What was the author’s problem when she was 12?| A．She had a poor relationship with classmates. |
| B．She had a strange dressing style. |
| C．She would run into anxiety easily. |
| D．She iost interest in studying. |
| A．They helped find the cause of her panic attacks. |
| B．They failed to help her get out of her trouble. |
| C．They strongly advised her to see a doctor. |
| D．They lost patience with her. |
| A．It had negative side effects on the author. |
| B．It was effective in helping keep his anxiety scales steady. |
| C．It strengthened the author’s confidence quickly. |
| D．It offered solutions to problems of school and friendship. |
| A． To teach us to better,understand ourselves. |
| B．To give tips on ways to overcome anxiety. |
| C．To explain the working process of mental therapy. |
| D．To encourage readers to accept therapy if necessary. |
6 . For years, doctors have given blood to patients who need it to survive. These transfusions usually include giving red blood cells to patients.
Blood transfusions aren’t as simple as taking blood from one person and giving it to someone else. There’re several different blood types that don’t all mix well. If someone gets a transfusion of the wrong kind of blood, their body will reject the blood cells, causing problems. For the first time ever, scientists from the University of Bristol, Britain, are carrying out a new trail: testing red blood cells grown in a laboratory on human volunteers. The scientists have used stem cells (干细胞) from a blood sample to grow billions of brand new red blood cells.
This could be even better than a regular blood transfusion. For one thing, they can be adjusted for people with different blood types. That’ll be extremely helpful for people with rare blood types. Also, a normal transfusion has red blood cells of all different ages, which means only a small part of them are brand new. The red blood cells grown in the lab are brand new, and this means they last longer and that patients will need fewer transfusions.
To test its safety, researchers have given a couple of teaspoons of the blood to two healthy people, both of whom seem to be doing just fine after the transfusions. In all, they’ll be tested on 10 people, and compared to normal transfusions. The new process doesn’t indicate that normal blood transfusions will disappear. Meanwhile, growing red blood cells in a lab is extremely expensive. And a lot of work and testing still need to be done. But if it’s successful, the process could make life much easier for patients who often need transfusions—even those with rare blood types.
1. Why are the scientists carrying out the research?| A．The blood reserve is not adequate. |
| B．Normal blood transfusions are out of date. |
| C．More and more people need blood transfusions. |
| D．They want to find a new trail of blood transfusions. |
| A．They suit the patients of all different ages. |
| B．They have red blood cells from different races. |
| C．They are effective to the patients for a longer term. |
| D．It is extremely economical and makes life much easier. |
| A．The research still has a long way to go. |
| B．Normal blood transfusions will disappear soon. |
| C．Ten people have received the lab-grown brand new blood. |
| D．The brand new blood isn’t fit for those with rare blood types. |
| A．Blood Transfusions Get Easier | B．Rare Blood Types Are Not Rare |
| C．Scientists Test Lab-created Blood | D．Rare Blood Cells NeedDonating |
1. Why does the man make the phone call?
| A．To make an appointment. |
| B．To get to know Dr. Sharp. |
| C．To ask about her e-mail address. |
| A．A form signed by Dr. Sharp. |
| B．A full physical check-up. |
| C．A test about the position. |
| A．By calling him. | B．By e-mailing him. | C．By visiting him. |
| A．10:30. | B．11:30. | C．11:00. |
9 . A man with advanced Parkinson’s disease (帕金森氏症) is now able to walk almost normally again thanks to electrodes implanted (电极植入) in his spinal cord (脊椎), researchers said on Monday. The medical first was achieved by Swiss researchers who had previously pioneered similar breakthroughs to help disabled people walk again.
“This could be a game-changing technology to help bring back movement in people with advanced Parkinson’s,” said David Dexter, research director at Parkinson’s UK.
Marc Gauthier, the 62-year-old patient who lives in France, has suffered from the brain disorder for about 30 years. Like more than 90 percent of people with advanced Parkinson’s, Mar c has had great difficulty walking. What are known as “freezing” experiences — during which patients are unable to move for a limited time, putting them at risk of falling — are particularly awful, Marc told AFP.
Much remains unknown about Parkinson’s disease, making treatment difficult. But the disease can seriously affect the lives of patients, sometimes keeping them to bed or a wheelchair. So when the opportunity came to go through an operation in Switzerland, Marc gladly accepted the chance.
“Now I can do whatever I want,” Marc says. “I can go for a walk and go out shopping by myself.” He adds that he can now walk much more easily — he is even planning a trip to Brazil — but it still requires concentration, particularly when climbing upstairs.
The Swiss team, led by surgeon Jocelyne Bloch and neuroscientist Gregoire Courtine , implanted a complex system of electrodes called a “neuroprosthesis (神经假体)” at important points along Marc’s spinal cord. The neuroprosthesis was first tested on animals, and then implanted in Marc, who has used it for roughly eight hours a day over nearly two years.
The Swiss team has expanded their experiment to a group of six Parkinson’s patients, aiming to know how it could help others, given the disease affects people in different ways. However, treatment using the implant could be quite expensive, potentially limiting how many patients would have access.
1. What is David Dexter’s attitude to the Swiss breakthrough?| A．Unconcerned. | B．Doubtful. | C．Positive. | D．Unclear. |
| A．Volunteer as a tour guide in Brazil. | B．Run to his heart’s content. |
| C．Go to the supermarket alone. | D．Make a phone call while climbing the stairs. |
| A．It was first tested on Marc Gauthier. | B．It is hardly affordable for ordinary people. |
| C．It has been performed on many patients. | D．It was done by researchers in the UK. |
| A．A Spinal Implant Allows a Parkinson’s Patient to Walk Again |
| B．Parkinson’s Patients Have to Deal With Difficulties in Life |
| C．Swiss Experts Have Created a Drug to Treat Parkinson’s |
| D．New Technology Prevents People From Developing Parkinson’s |
Acupuncture (针灸),
Looking beyond China, acupuncture has become a
As a traditional Chinese medical practice with a rich history
