1 . 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。

2 . One of the reasons why so many people listen to music during exercise is that it has a number of benefits. The research around the positive influences of music during exercise was reviewed in a paper in the February 2020 issue of Psychological Bulletin.

Probably the biggest influence of music on exercise, based on these findings, is that listening to music during exercise can make you feel better about what you have done. Experiments find that people feel more positive about the exercise when they have listened to music than when they have not. The impact of music didn’t depend on the intensity of the exercise, and the effect appeared for both trained and untrained athletes.

Music also seems to reduce people’s feeling of how much they are exerting themselves. That is, at the same level of intensity of activity, listening to music can make you feel like you are exerting less effort than you would feel without music. Some studies have also shown that when athletes are free to set their own exertion level, they are willing to exercise more intensely with music than without. For some people (particularly when they are early in their training), music helps them focus on the music rather than on pain.

Music also appears to have a small effect on performance overall. Athletes perform better both during exercise and while engaging in their sport when there is music. In the studies analyzed, fast music, with a tempo greater than 120 beats-per-minute, was more effective than slow music. Interestingly, it doesn’t seem to matter whether the athlete chooses the music or whether it is chosen by someone else. So, the playlists selected by the teachers of an exercise class you’re taking may work even if you don’t love all of the songs.

The one place where music doesn’t seem to have much of an impact is on physiological functioning. The heart rate of an athlete is not consistently affected by music.

3 . On my 70^th birthday, in September 2019, I decided to participate in 70 different sports before I turned 71. The motivation? Simply to have some fun. Athleticism, after all, does not end at some arbitrary (任意的) age.

Shortly after my 70^th birthday, I took a crack at paddle-boarding. Family members were greatly entertained, watching me first try to get on the board, then stand on the board and finally fall into the water before trying all over again. Lesson learnt: Perseverance pays off. Eventually I stood, I balanced and I paddled. An early success.

Winter sports brought their own challenges. A pick-up game of hockey resulted in the odd collision. The quality of play was hardly inspirational, but it was certainly fun. Then came the attempt to teach myself the basics of figure skating. It left me falling flat on the ice, my elbow and knee aching. I refused to give up. If at first you don’t succeed, try, try again, which I called self-discipline.

However, the outbreak of COVID-19 shut down most of my city, which became a setback to my 70-at-70 goal. By then I had tried nearly 35 sports. Individual sports would have to be the order of the day: Running, jumping, walking. For track, I built my own high jump and hurdles. Athletics does not have to be complicated.

There were some health advantages, too, to all the exercise I was getting. Each activity triggered endorphins that brought an immediate high. Over the longer term came the realisation that dreams are important, regardless of how far-fetched or unrealistic they might seem. As youngsters we dream of playing in the big leagues or participating in the Olympics. As we age, our hopes and dreams change, but one should never let them disappear. We need something to look forward to; what’s better than to wake up each morning knowing there is a game to play?

8 . Tempo (节奏) runs scare me. Those long and hard efforts always look impossible when I see them on paper.

I remember one 50-minute run_______. I saw it on my training plan and immediately created a laundry list of_________for why this was just not going to work, why I wasn’t fit enough, why I wouldn’t_______ — why I would fail.

Before I even laced up my shoes, I’d already _______ myself I couldn’t do this. Instead of using the warm-up to find my pace, _________for success, and get excited to make the best of it, I adopted a_________mind set (心态), revisited my list of excuses and_______ further into the bad-attitude trap. I quit the workout_________even before I started. After that, I shortened more workouts and my fitness moved backwards soon.

The _______, I realized, was that I treated my entire training plan like a tempo run — hard, fast and________. I felt that if I didn’t hit a workout early, I wouldn’t be able to________.

I realized I needed to treat my training like my favourite________: the long run. I love settling into a relaxed pace, enjoying the route and__________on only one goal — finishing. I love that I can have a bad mile in the middle and still end ________ .

Now, when I set a new goal and__________a new training plan, I have what I call “the long-run mindset”. I’m not ________for immediate results, as I have been in the past. I ________more about the big picture and my long-term goals as a________. Yes, there is still an important place for hard, fast tempo runs, but I have__________ my attitude, to think bigger than short-term ________ and instead work toward lifelong success.