1 . Pleasanton Partnerships in Education Foundation (PPIE) was started in 1987 to raise money by organizing running events for local schools. Based in Pleasanton, California, a suburb of San Francisco, the non-profit organization recently hosted a family-focused fitness event for the community. “Our event helps to bring the community together,” said Mindy Louie, events and outreach manager for PPIE. “We have more than 3,000 participants, hard-working volunteers and viewers.”

This year’s fitness event took place on April 30 at the Alameda County Fairgrounds. It featured races of two miles, five kilometers and ten kilometers. A new Kids Challenge consisted of a quarter-mile run to encourage younger children to participate. When asked to describe the run, 11-year-old Jeremy Louie said, “Fun, exciting and enjoyable.” Jeremy added that he was happy to help support his school.

PPIE supports all 15 schools in the Pleasanton Unified School District, which include more than 14, 500 students and 800 teachers and staff. The nonprofit organization tries to fund programs affected by budget cuts, while encouraging fitness and athleticism. To date, the PPIE has raised over $1 million for the school district.

A local runners’ group called the BURN Youth Development (B. Y. D.) participated in the fundraising. The B.Y.D. has since grown to more than 100 youth members, 30 of whom ran in April’s PPIE event. Jerry Wu, the group’s founder and lead coach, explained that the B.Y.D. was born to keep kids running. “Watching them running strongly and happily makes me smile every time,” Jerry said.

Jerry encourages teamwork and teaches the students valuable running techniques. As a B.Y.D. member, Ollie Gu, an eighth grader, was one of the top finishers in the ten-kilometer run. He completed the race in 40 minutes and 46 seconds and won first place in the 12-to-15 year-old age group. “The race was extremely rewarding,” Ollie said. “I’m looking forward to it next year.”

1. Which race was recently created?

A．A ten-kilometer run.	B．A quarter-mile run.
C．A five-kilometer run.	D．A two-mile run.

2. Why does the author list some numbers in paragraph 3?

A．To stress the great influence of PPIE.

B．To show a small budget for education.

C．To introduce the school district in brief.

D．To advertise the organization’s programs.

3. What did both Jerry and Ollie want to convey?

A．Their duties as athletes.	B．Their feelings as coaches.
C．Their recognition of the B.Y.D.	D．Their anticipation of the next run.

4. What is the text mainly about?

A．Sports volunteers.	B．Young sportsmen.
C．Running with teachers.	D．Racing for education.

2 . A small study out of Skidmore College examined the advantages of morning vs, evening exercise for both women and men. Paul, professor for health at Skidmore, led the study.

“We had the groups divided into evening and morning groups,” he says. “We found women and men answered differently to different types of exercise depending on the time of the day, which surprised us.”

The study showed that for women who want to lower blood pressure (血压), the risk of heart disease or reduce fat, morning exercise works best. Those women hoping for upper body muscle (肌肉) gains or mood (心情) improvement should consider evening exercise. For the men, the findings were somewhat different: Evening exercise lowers blood pressure, the risk of heart disease, and feelings of tiredness. But similar to women, they burn more fat with morning exercise.

“For many people, the best time to exercise will depend on their chronotype,” says Heisz, author of Move the Body, Heal the Mind.

“Chronotype is your body’s natural habit to sleep at a certain time—it’s what decides whether you’re a night owl or an early bird. For the 25% of the population that considers themselves a night owl, getting both enough sleep and enough exercise can be difficult,” adds Heisz.

He continues, “Sleep—which provides your body the necessary time to recover (恢复) and make gains from exercise—should always be the first choice. When it comes to exercise, regardless of research on the advantages of certain exercises at particular times of the day, your results will not be good if it doesn’t allow enough time for sleep.”

1. What can women get by doing evening exercise according to the study?

A．A fat loss.

B．A good mood.

C．A lower blood pressure.

D．A smaller risk of heart disease.

2. What does the author intend to do in paragraph 5?

A．Give an example.	B．Tell the difference.
C．Do an experiment.	D．Explain a term.

3. What does Heisz think is important to achieve good results of exercise?

A．Enough sleep.	B．Low-fat food.
C．Plenty of water.	D．Lots of exercise.

4. What is the best title for the text?

A．A Night Owl or An Early Bird

B．Why Fitness Plan Being Important

C．How to Change Your Exercise Time

D．The Best Time of a Day to Exercise

3 . You start by running around the school track three times to warm up. This is followed by exercises or long jump for the girls and football or basketball for the boys. That is an average 45 -minute PE class— but do you really enjoy it?

For students at the Second High School Attached to Beijing Normal University, sports classes have experienced a welcome change. Senior 2 students now learn the traditional Chinese martial art of sword-fighting (中国剑术), making PE the most popular lesson on the timetable. “The classes used to be boring as we just did the same things again and again,” said Xiao Tong. “But now PE classes are such fun. Sword-fighting is so cool.” His classmate Wei Jie agrees. “As well as being fun, we learn about traditional Chinese culture,” she said. The usual morning exercises performed to music on the school playground have been replaced by kicking and punching practice (搏击操) to a pop music by Zheng Xiuwen. “We didn't pay much attention when we heard the old music,” Xiao explained, “But when Zheng's music is played, we get excited.” Mao Min, the PE teacher who introduced the changes, is pleased that the students now enjoy sports lessons more. “The classes encourage healthy lifestyles and I am always looking for creative ways to keep the students active,” he said. Schools offer activities according to what sports facilities (设备) they have. For example, students at the Experimental High School Attached to Beijing Normal University can choose to learn swimming, taekwondo (跆拳道) or volleyball. “I take my volleyball very seriously so I keep fit by playing it,” said Senior 2 student Zhang Zheng. “Students only try hard in sports that interest them.”

1. Why was Xiao Tong not interested in PE classes in the past?

A．Because he didn't do well in sports.

B．Because he disliked the same activities.

C．Because he thought the classes too long-

D．Because he was tired of the PE teacher.

2. Which sport is NOT mentioned in the text?

A．Sword-fighting.

B．Volleyball.

C．Skating.

D．Punching practice.

3. What does the text mainly talk about?

A．Sword-fighting appears in PE classes.

B．Students try hard in all sports at school.

C．Schools offer necessary sports facilities.

D．PE classes are welcoming new changes.

4. What is the attitude of the students towards new PE classes?

A．Supportive.

B．Negative.

C．Uncaring.

D．Doubtful.

4 . Getting motivated when you don't feel like working out is so much easier when you have a workout partner!    1    Your workout partner can actually help you realize your fitness goals.

    2    You are NOT your partner’s personal trainer or coach. You are equals, pushing each other to reach a similar goal together.

If you are doubting your discipline or feel like your motivation ebbs and flows(起伏), then a workout partner can make all the difference! For both of you!

With A Workout Partner, You Show Up

You set time to meet and exercise about an hour, and you are getting dressed and planning to head out soon. When you are alone, so many things can get in the way and seem more important: the laundry, the kid's needs, fixing dinner, petting the dog...     3    With a workout partner, the time is set and it becomes about them, their time, and honoring your commitment to them.

You’ll Work Harder With A Partner

You and your workout partner will have a workout plan, and you'll know what is expected for the day.     4    It's great how it works to motivate both people! Especially when, by themselves, they may not have worked out as hard.

A Workout Partner Keeps You Focused

Your focus on the exercise at hand is multiplied when you have a workout partner. There is a purpose for your meeting, and it becomes clear how to make the goal a reality with consistent work. The hard work seems worth it when you have a partner who is working towards the same goal.    5    

A．If you have ever done, you know what I mean.

B．Before you know it, your planned exercise time is gone.

C．As a workout partner, you are a motivator and a voice of reason.

D．Your partner will remind you of the potential mistakes you may make.

E．With a workout partner, you learn how to achieve the desired results.

F．So it makes you more focused, knowing your time together is limited.

G．Your partner will push and motivate you because he or she expects the same from you!

5 . What do classrooms, computer desks, cafeterias(自助食堂), and libraries have in common? That’s the places where students spend so much of their time.Although hours of studying burn mental energy，both your body and mind need physical exercise to function efficiently.

The importance of exercise is nothing new.Thomas Jefferson once wrote that to be successful in academic studies, a person should spend two hours on exercise every day, for health must not be sacrificed(牺牲) for learning.A strong body makes the mind strong.

It turns out Jefferson was on to something. A study by researchers at Tufts University found that students who said they exercised at least 3 days a week were more likely to report a better state of physical health and greater happiness than those who didn’t exercise. This and other evidence suggest that the real benefits of exercise may not come right after a workout but from a longer commitment to regular activity.

But experts today do not demand 2 hours of daily exercise.The U. S. Department of Health and Human Services recommends that people get at least 60 minutes of physical activity most days of the week.

Walking，jogging and swimming are easy ways to increase your heart rate and improve health.Exercise can also help lower blood pressure and reduce stress. For women, exercise that makes the body and bones bear weight—like walking or running—may reduce the risk of osteoporosis(骨质疏松) later in life.

You’ll likely discover another benefit of exercise as well: greater self-confidence.This may make it easier for you to participate in class and help you perform well in academic and social situations.

1. It can be inferred from the first paragraph that         .

A．a lot of students like to read while eating

B．dining halls can also be used to do exercise

C．study and exercise burn the same amount of energy

D．many students don’t pay enough attention to exercise

2. What does the underlined part in Paragraph 3 mean?

A．Jefferson’s statement made sense.

B．Jefferson was very fond of exercise.

C．Jefferson was on the way to doing exercise.

D．Jefferson increased the importance of exercise.

3. What can we infer from the text?

A．We must exercise at least two hours every day.

B．Those who like to exercise won’t suffer any illness.

C．We must exercise regularly if we want to enjoy the benefits.

D．Actually exercise can replace doctors in treating serious diseases.

4. What’s mainly talked about in the text?

A．The importance of exercise.

B．How to choose a suitable sport.

C．How to keep healthy by exercising.

D．The link between exercise and study.

6 . Simple steps to inner peace

If you wake up feeling tired and lazy, these moves can give you a lift. Our yoga warm-ups will help to loosen and stretch your muscles and joints, and deep breathing also helps you to focus your thoughts, so you feel refreshed.

Upper-body lift

Slowly lower your body to the floor, look up forward the ceiling and breathe in. Hold for a minute. Release (放松).

Toe touch

Bringing your hands to the floor, breathe out while putting your head between your knees (if you’re a beginner, keep knees slightly bent). Holding the position, breathe in as you stretch your head and chest upward. Hold for one minute. Release.

Spine stretch

Standing straight, feet together, breathe in and raise your arms straight overhead, hands touching. Look up, stretching your body for one minute. Release. Repeat moves as often as needed.

1. The purpose of the above exercises is to ________.

A．help you bring back your strength

B．get rid of pain from your back

C．get you warm enough to do further exercise

D．loosen and stretch your muscles to help you feel refreshed

2. The underlined phrase “give you a lift” means ________.

A．raising your body higher	B．making you release
C．helping you get energetic	D．getting your body straight

3. To a beginner, ________ may be the easiest and ________ the hardest.

A．upper­body lift; toe touch	B．toe touch; upper­body lift
C．spine stretch; toe touch	D．toe touch; spine stretch

7 . Most kinds of physical exercises are beneficial for remaining healthy, but a lot of people prefer running over other forms of physical exercises. This may be because running does not require expertise and specialized equipment.     1     Some runners choose to run for the adrenaline (肾上腺素) and others choose it for the health benefits.

Running is a weight-bearing exercise.     2     It is especially helpful for young children and teenagers whose bones have not completely developed. Running is also helpful in improving joint stability (关节稳定性). It is also considered a great way of losing fat and keeping a healthy weight.

    3     A lot of runners experience a sense of excitement and happiness after a run. Running releases endorphins (释放内啡肽) in your brain, which can improve mood (心情). Endorphins also naturally help manage stress.     4    

While running is considered a great exercise, it should not be the only form of exercise that you perform. Running regularly, especially with improper running shoes, could increase the risk of pain in the knees. It could also cause damage (损伤) to the knee joints.     5     It can achieve a balance of strength between the upper and lower parts of the body.

A．It helps to build strong bones.

B．Running can be tiring and painful.

C．Running is good for both your body and your mind.

D．It is free and available to all who want to practice it.

E．This relaxes your mind especially on a stressful day.

F．Millions of people around the world run regularly to keep fit.

G．Along with running, you should also do some upper body exercises.

8 . Growing up in Southern California, Shelma Jun says, “I surfed, I skateboarded, I mountain biked.” In short, says Jun, “I was a tomboy ( 假小子), which is a really problematic term. Why do we need the word boy to describe being outdoorsy?”

More problematic was the way Jun came to view other women. “In those male-dominated ( 男性统治的) sports, there can be a bad energy where there’s room for only one ‘cool girl’ and other women are competition,” she says. “I didn’t have good relationships with women for a long time.”

Having graduated from the university, Jun got a job as a community planner and moved to New York City. There, while improving her newest skill — rock climbing — she met some women at her climbing gym who practiced in an area two hours north of the city. “That’s where I got to understand what it feels like when you’re trying something hard with just women,” says Jun. “When the pressure to act a certain way is taken away — because no men are around — you suddenly discover all kinds of ways to challenge and encourage one another.”

In 2014, as a “way to celebrate the climbing we were doing,” Jun started an Instagram account. With women climbers all over the country searching for others like them, Flash Foxy quickly got hundreds, then thousands, then tens of thousands of followers, and an online women’s climbing community was born. “A lot of women felt like they were the only women climbers — not because there were so few of us, but because we were far apart,” says Jun. “Social media allowed us to discover that there are a lot of us. And we’re together.”

In 2016, Jun put her community-organizing background to work to create the Women’s Climbing Festival. “I could picture 30 or 40 women in the desert,” she says. “We posted it online, and 300 women said they wanted to come.” Eight festivals later, every single one of the twice-yearly gatherings has sold out — some in just one minute.

1. What problem did Jun have before moving to New York City?

A．She couldn’t find a favorite sport.

B．She wanted to be the only cool girl.

C．She didn’t have many women friends.

D．She picked up bad habits from the men around her.

2. What change did Jun have after moving to New York City?

A．She became more outdoorsy.

B．She enjoyed competition more.

C．She was relaxed while doing sports.

D．She stopped doing male-dominated sports.

3. How does Flash Foxy make women climbers feel?

A．They are connected.

B．They are very safe.

C．They are far apart.

D．They are as skilled as men.

4. What can be learned about the Women’s Climbing Festival?

A．It is a ticketed event.

B．It is an online festival.

C．It is sending out pictures.

D．It is held every two years.

9 . According to research, about 21.5 million American children between the ages of six and seventeen are involved (参与的) in a team sport.     1     But regardless of the reasons for getting involved, children can gain a lot from sports.

A 2006 report shows that taking up sports can increase both emotional and behavioral well-being in teenagers. And increased well-being can lead to higher confidence, which results in better overall performance.     2     In addition, they usually get along well with people around them and are less likely to have bad or risky behavior.

    3     Through this process, children develop social and leadership skills and learn the value of teamwork. Children involved in sports usually have stronger and better relationships with their schoolmates and a better understanding of people from different backgrounds.

Actually, sports give children an opportunity to communicate with adults in valuable and positive ways, which can help them develop closer relationships with adults. This effect is especially great when children don’t get along well with their family members.     4    

Although most effects of sports on children are good, there can be disadvantages. If the pressure to win is overemphasized (过分强调) or the expectations of parents or coaches become too great, kids may experience lots of stress.     5     To avoid these bad effects, children should not overemphasize winning but focus on developing certain skills.

A．Being physically fit is linked to having a higher IQ.

B．They may take part in sports for fun or to develop some skills.

C．However, children hardly play sports when they become older.

D．It can cause worries, headaches, stomach aches, and muscle pain.

E．For example, children involved in sports are likely to do well in their studies.

F．Organized sports require children to work together to achieve a common goal.

G．Many children say sports have helped increase their conversations with parents.

10 . As children grow up, they will likely be drawn to participate in sports. But not all children will be interested in or successful at every sports experience. Some children tend to join in team sports while others will prefer individual sports.     1     So how can parents help their child pick a most suitable sport? Here’s How:

    2    

A child’s interest in a given sport is the best determiner of whether he or she will enjoy it as a participant. So expose the child to a wide variety of sports experiences. Talk with them about what they like and dislike about each sport.

    3    

As you check out the various sports, see if you can tell which of them seems most interesting to the child. Listen to your child for signs about their preferences. Maybe they will talk about the players, the skills, or they will tell others about the experience. If you watch and listen, you can pick up what interests them most.

Find out: team or individual?

Some children will prefer to participate in a team sport like football, baseball or basketball in which they play a role in a team.     4     Sports like these include swimming, tennis or golf. Or they may simply enjoy individual sports like cycling and gymnastics. As you observe your child, try to find out what their preferences are.     5    

A．Watch out for signs of enthusiasm.

B．Expose the child to a variety of sports.

C．Match the sport to your child’s body type.

D．Some body types are better suited to some sports than others.

E．Others will prefer being on a team where their own skills matter most.

F．Make sure that the child has a physical exam before participating in sports actively.

G．These observations will help you focus on the sport that will work best for your child.