1 . Yoga is an age-old practice that stretches the body and calms the mind. By performing a series of poses, called asanas, Yoga practitioners make themselves more flexible and relaxed. These results in lower blood pressure, a decrease in stress, and healthy muscles.
Let's get started from the most basic pose --- Mountain Pose. Standing barefoot on an anti-slip mat, put your feet side by side so that the basis of your big toes are touching.
| A．It can be hard to balance in this way. |
| B．Hold that pose and breathe in and out. |
| C．Then you can try out Cat to Cow Pose. |
| D．Perform these poses every day, if you can. |
| E．But beyond its health benefits, yogurt has a lot of fun. |
| F．If the stress hurts pull back and lie down slowly on the mat. |
| G．Stand comfortably and adjust your feet till they feel good against the mat. |
2 . A recent study by University of Delaware researchers suggests exercise can help kids to learn and remember vocabulary. The article, published in the Journal of Speech Language and Hearing Research, details one of the first studies on the effect of exercise on vocabulary learning in children.
Children ages 6 to 12 were taught new words before doing one of three things- swimming , taking part in CrossFit exercises or completing a coloring sheet. The children who swam were 13% more accurate in follow-up tests of the vocabulary words.
It makes sense to the lead researcher, Maddy Pruitt, herself a former college swimmer. “Motor movement helps in learning new words,” she said, explaining that exercise is known to increase levels of brain-derived neurotrophic factor(脑衍生神经营养因子).Then why did swimming make a difference while CrossFit did not? Pruitt attributes(归因) it to the amount of energy each exercise demands of the brain. Swimming is an activity the kids could complete without much thought or instruction. It was more automatic, while the CrossFit exercises were new to them. The children needed to learn the moves, which required mental energy.
Pruitt conducted the research as part of her Master s Capstone Project and graduated in 2020. She now works as a speech-language pathologist (病理学家) at a primary school in South Carolina, where she puts her findings into practice.
“My sessions are very rarely at a table,” she said. “I’ll take my kids out to the playground or we’ll take a walk around the school.”
Pruitt’s adviser and coauthor Giovanna Morini is building on the findings in her lab. Morini said most research into exercise examined it from the angle of a healthy lifestyle, not much entering the area of language acquisition.
“We are so excited about this study because it applies to clinicians, caregivers and educators who can put it into practice, Morini said.” It’s simple stuff, nothing out of the ordinary. But it could help boost the outcomes.
1. What were all the children asked to do in the study?| A．Complete vocabulary tests. | B．Teach others new words. |
| C．Identify different colors. | D．Share swimming skills. |
| A．The way of the study. | B．The subject of the study. |
| C．The applications of the findings. | D．The reasons for the study result. |
| A．By setting up clinics with other researchers. |
| B．By training the students to swim regularly. |
| C．By adding physical exercise to her sessions. |
| D．By asking the students to learn complex words. |
| A．Kids Are Supposed to Exercise Before Studying |
| B．Exercise Contributes to Kids’ Vocabulary Growth |
| C．Swimming Does Good to People’s Physical Health |
| D．Research Should Be Done on Language Acquisition |
3 . House work might seem a drag, but researchers have suggested tasks like dusting, sweeping floors and washing the windows might help adults to stay healthy into old age. Writing in the journal BMJ Open, a Singapore-based team of researchers said regular physical activity “improves physical and mental health, and relieves the risks and effects of chronic diseases among older adults”.
The team randomly chose adults from the town of Yishun in Singapore, and asked them to complete cognitive function tests as well as activities to assess their physical capabilities, such as standing up from a chair as quickly as they could. Participants were also quizzed on their levels of physical activity, including the amount of light housework and heavy housework they did, and were assessed for their risk of having a fall based on measures such as knee extension strength. The study involved 249 participants aged 21-64 and 240 participants aged 65- 90. Most of those who reported doing high levels of heavy or light housework were women.
After taking into account factors including age and sex, the team found cognitive scores and attention scores were 8% and 14% higher respectively for older adults doing high amounts of heavy housework— on average 131 minutes a week— compared with low levels, which appeared to amount to none at all. Sit-to-stand times were lower for older adults reporting high amounts of heavy housework compared with low amounts，while they were also assessed as being at lower risk of having a fall.
Dr Shiou-Liang Wee, the co-author of the research, said health messaging on staying active should not just be about recreational physical activities. “Housework is a purposeful activity performed by many older adults. Independent of recreation, commuting and other work-related physical activity, heavy housework is linked to sharper memory and better falls protection in older adults,” he said.
1. What does the team find?| A．Housework is a drag to the aged. |
| B．Health is connected with regular exercise. |
| C．Only doing housework can the aged stay healthy. |
| D．Regular physical activity is dangerous for the aged. |
| A．The research procedure. | B．The research result. |
| C．The research purpose. | D．The research institution. |
| A．Intelligence and age. | B．Education and sex. |
| C．Age and sex. | D．Family and income. |
| A．Commuting is linked to sharper memory. |
| B．Heavy housework equals recreational activity. |
| C．People only need recreational physical activity for health. |
| D．Recreational physical activity shouldn’t replace housework. |
4 . If you have watched the amazing Beijing 2022 Winter Olympics, chances are that you have fallen in love with some winter sports and you’re already making sure your equipment is ready for them.
But there are still some other things to think about. Skiing and snowboarding are great winter sports that provide a total body workout.
| A．Maybe you haven’t bought all the equipment. |
| B．And that is when injuries are more likely to occur. |
| C．Exercising in the cold decreases your body temperature. |
| D．You should take advantage of this opportunity to have a rest. |
| E．Probably, you have got your skis tuned and skates sharpened. |
| F．All of them are areas that can be trained before the winter season. |
| G．However, it can be hard on the body the first time you hit the slopes. |
5 . In 1965, three fathers in Washington faced a dilemma familiar to beleaguered (被困扰的) parents in 2021: How to keep their restless children entertained. They threw together wooden paddles, a badminton net and a plastic ball. The sport “pickleball” was born, with its name — according to one legend — originating from a dog named Pickle, which kept running away with the ball.
Today, pickleball, which is a hybrid (混合物) of tennis, badminton and ping-pong, is the fastest-growing sport in America. In the five years to the end of 2019, pickleball participation grew by more than 7%, while Americans’ overall activity level stayed flat, according to the Sport & Fitness Industry Association. And the sport has picked up more swing definitely, thanks to COVID-19 in 2020. Last March, when quarantines (隔离期) went into effect and gyms were closed, portable pickleball nets temporarily sold out. Players set up courts, which are half the size of tennis courts, in driveways.
The 3.5 million Americans who play pickleball are about one-tenth the number who golf and one-fifth the number who play tennis. Yet there are reasons to bet on the sport’s spread. Like many outdoor activities, pickleball is social, but it is easier to learn than tennis and faster and less expensive than golf. Country clubs and recreation centers across the country are changing some of their tennis courts into pickleball courts to meet demand. The more places there are to play, the more players will try the sport.
“Pickleball was seen as a threat in the tennis community,” says Stu Upson of USA Pickleball, the sport’s national governing body, who used to work for the International Tennis Hall of Fame. But now, he insists, it is viewed as an opportunity. Tennis pros are adding pickleball lessons to their list. As more people take up the sport, demand for televised matches and sponsorships will increase. “It’s reasonable that pickleball could become an Olympic sport. But to be recognized by the International Olympic Committee, we need at least 70 countries with pickleball federations (联合会), so it’s not going to be in the next four or eight years,” says Mr. Upson.
1. Why was pickleball invented initially?| A．To afford children amusements. | B．To provide special training for dogs. |
| C．To reduce parents’ pressure of work. | D．To help children build up their health. |
| A．Pickleball has achieved its dominance in sports market in America. |
| B．Playing pickleball was the most popular sport in the US during the quarantine. |
| C．Americans’ participation in sports except pickleball decreased from 2015 to 2019. |
| D．Pickleball began to regain its popularity around the world due to COVID-19. |
| A．Its playing skills are easy to master. | B．It’s the first choice for people to socialize. |
| C．It can replace other sports during COVID-19. | D．Its courts could easily be altered from tennis courts. |
| A．Pickleball is bound to have a place at the Olympics. |
| B．Tennis will fade out with the rapid spread of pickleball. |
| C．Pickleball remains to be a major threat to tennis community. |
| D．It would take great efforts for pickleball to be selected for the Olympics. |
| A．Great popularity of pickleball in America. | B．The development of pickleball in America. |
| C．The influence of pickleball on pecople’s lives. | D．The threat of pickleball in the tennis community. |
6 . A world-champion body builder has no more muscles than does a 90-pound person who is physically weak. So what makes him so strong? What other qualities does he need?
Muscles are made of thousands of stringy fibers-a number that is fixed during childhood-which contract(收缩）when doing work. Strength does not depend on the number of fibers but on the function of their thickness and how many of them contract at the same time.
Exercise actually damages the muscles. During the recovery stage, the muscle fibers increase in size. Exercise also trains more muscle fibers to work at one time. If a muscle is weak or untrained, for example, only 10 percent of its fibers will contract, whereas up to 90 percent of the fibers in a weight lifter's biceps(二头肌）will contract.
Aside from the strength, two other factors go into making an athlete: fitness and endurance. Fitness is related to the condition of the heart. During exercises, there is an increase in the amount of blood returning to the heart from the muscles. A typical volume for a runner at rest is about 5 quarts a minute, compared with 30 quarts during a vigorous trial(运动测试). This greater volume means more work for the heart-a muscular balloon that expands and contract is to take in blood and push it out. Like any other muscle, the heart enlarges and gets stronger with routine exercise.
Endurance, or the length of time muscles can work, depends in part on how much fuel－in this case sugar-the muscles can store. A muscle that is continually exercised until it runs out of sugar tends to store more when it refuels at the next meal. And more sugar can translate into greater endurance the next time the muscle is put to the test.
1. What determines the strength of a world-champion body builder?| A．The thickness of fibers and the number of those contracting contemporarily. |
| B．The number of fibers and the amount of exercise he does at the same time. |
| C．The function of fibers and their thickness. |
| D．The function of fibers and their recovery. |
| A．It helps fibers more easily to contract. |
| B．It makes fibers increase quickly in size. |
| C．It makes more fibers weak or untrained. |
| D．It helps more fibers to work at one time. |
| A．The heart bears the task of making more blood during a vigorous trial. |
| B．The heart needs to bear the fast heart beating during a vigorous trial. |
| C．The heart takes in more blood and pushes it out during a vigorous trial. |
| D．The heart enlarges and becomes stronger routinely during a vigorous trial. |
| A．The more sugar muscles store, the thicker the fibers in them become. |
| B．The more sugar a muscle consumes, the less it tends to store next time. |
| C．The more sugar the muscles of an athlete store, the longer time they can work. |
| D．The amount of sugar in muscles largely depends on when they refuel at the nest meal. |
| A．Strong Heart and World-champion | B．Strength, Fitness and Endurance |
| C．Body Building and Muscles | D．Resources of Strength |
7 . For a long time, sports have been viewed as a way to stay healthy and in shape, but their importance goes much further.
From a social standpoint, sports are a powerful tool that brings people together and creates a sense of community.
As a student, I had very challenging classes and occasionally had to deal with bad homework or midterm grades. I learned that I am not always going to get the results that I want, but no matter what, I have to persevere and not give up.
In addition to that, exercising is a great way to get out of the stressful college life that is all about homework, presentations, and group projects.
The reason most students do not play sports is because they feel lazy about it and don't have the energy for it.
| A．To sum up, playing college sports has some serious benefits. |
| B．In short, playing sports can help students become more energetic. |
| C．They helped me get on very well with my teachers and classmates. |
| D．In fact, playing sports helps students relax and reduce their anxiety. |
| E．Sports gave me a positive attitude where I see falling as a way to learn. |
| F．They develop connections that bond together people from all walks of life. |
| G．However, the belief that the intense exercise will leave you exhausted is wrong. |
8 . Water jogging is a workout method where people get into the water and copy the movement of jogging. This workout routine relies on the resistance of moving inside water to build up muscles and increase endurance (耐力).
When people attempt this workout method, it is usually important to be floating in the water at a depth that doesn’t allow the feet to touch. The tenseness of the body while doing the exercise can make it difficult to remain floating, so most people use some tools. The main devices are belts that keep people floating at an exact depth so that they are submerged (淹没) shoulder level.
Water jogging can potentially be useful for almost anybody, but many of the people who try this exercise method are attempting to recover from injuries. It is considered particularly good in this situation for a lot of reasons.
Sometimes water jogging can be very difficult for people who are just starting out.
| A．The water has other potential benefits as well. |
| B．We all hope to have the ability to float easily in the water. |
| C．Some find the exercise doesn’t hold their attention very well. |
| D．When people are floating in water, they are generally weightless. |
| E．Many people also believe that water jogging is a good way to lose weight. |
| F．It requires access to a pool deep enough to run without touching the bottom. |
| G．People also often wear special shoes that increase the resistance of the water. |
9 . Physical education, or PE, isn’t required for all high school students. In some schools, it isn’t offered for some different reasons. But should high school students have physical education? The answer is certainly “yes”.
Today many people don’t do sports. But as is known to all. doing sports is very important for an adult. Teaching teens the importance of a healthy lifestyle and making fitness plans now can help teens put exercise in the first place as an adult.
High school isn’t that easy. Many students are under a lot of stress. Stress can be harmful to a student’s studies and life. Doing sports can help them deal with stress better, helping them live a happier life at school.
The American Heart Association says that 10 million kids and teens suffer from obesity (肥胖). Teens should get 60 minutes of physical activity per day to control their weight and to help their bones get stronger. The increase in activities that don’t get teens to move around, such as computer games, means many teens don’t get their required exercise. PE classes act as a public health measure (措施) to encourage physical activities and help teens have healthy weights.
Not doing sports increases teens’ hazard of developing many diseases. An active lifestyle offers a good way of protection from these health problems. As much as 75 percent of health-care spending goes toward treating medical conditions that can be prevented by lifestyle changes, according to the American College of Sports Medicine.
According to the President’s Council on Fitness, Sports and Nutrition (PCFSN), students who performed five hours of physical activities each week improved their academic (学业的) performance. Students from programs with no physical activity, who used the extra time for classroom study, did not perform better on tests than those who gave up some study time in support of physical education.
1. According to Paragraph 2, what does physical education in high school mean?| A．Making teens attach importance to ęxercise later. |
| B．Removing the stress faced by teens at school. |
| C．Getting teens to encourage adults to exercise. |
| D．Helping teens learn to make good plans |
| A．Happiness. | B．Risk. | C．Safety. | D．Sadness. |
| A．means making students choose between sports and studies |
| B．helps students make good use of all their time |
| C．means students adjust to their studies better |
| D．helps students do better in their studies |
| A．Why high school students should receive physical education. |
| B．Why some schools consider physical education important. |
| C．How schools can help students love doing sports. |
| D．How high school students can live a better life. |
10 . What is the best sport for your body type?
Just because someone has dreamt of playing football from childhood does not mean it is the best sport for him or her. Finding the sport your body is best suited to can make a big difference to how much you enjoy it and how good at it you are.
A person with an ectomorph body type is tall and slim with little fat or muscle. This person has narrow shoulders and hips, and thin arms and legs. Ectomorphs have difficulty putting on weight because of a fast metabolism (新陈代谢).
Mesomorph body types are the typical image of an athlete. Their arms and legs are muscular and they have broad shoulders and narrow hips. Mesomorphs can put on or lose weight easily and build muscle quickly.
A person who is an endomorph naturally carries more body fat. They are often short, with a high waist, and well developed upper arms and thighs.
It is important to note that the three body types are extremes. No one is 100% ectomorph or completely endomorph.
| A．Everyone is a bit of a mix |
| B．If you want to be a world champion |
| C．If a person with this body type is very tall |
| D．A person with this body type has more choice of sports |
| E．For the same reason, it takes them longer to build muscle |
| F．While it may seem that an endomorph will not be very athletic |
| G．Endomorphs must work a little harder to maintain a perfect body weight |
