1 . The eyes are the windows of the soul (心灵). Having a pair of bright, clear eyes is very important, so we should protect our eyes throughout our lives.
Don’t read while lying down or walking. Relax after every hour of reading. Keep a distance from the TV set when you watch TV and give your eyes a rest every 30 minutes. Don’t stare at (盯看) the sun or try to read in the darkness.
Get your eyes checked often.
Not many people have this habit, but it is necessary. If you feel that there is something wrong with your eyes, get them checked quickly.
Rest your eyes whenever you can.
You can close your eyes for a few seconds or look into the distance for one or two minutes. A small break will relax your eyes.
Besides, be careful when you choose your glasses.
| A．Develop good habits of using eyes. |
| B．It also helps to protect you from getting eye problems. |
| C．Make sure you get enough sleep every night. |
| D．Glasses that aren’t suitable for you could bring you trouble. |
| E．Even if you’re wearing sunglasses, never look directly at the sun. |
| F．Eye problem can be found and treated early with regular checks. |
| G．Drink green tea every day as a way to protect your eyes against eye problems. |
| A．His hands. | B．His back. | C．His knee. |
3 . Bad teeth may be painful and it’s getting worse without treatment. They can even ruin your life. Illness of the teeth can find its way into the blood system. This can increase the chances of a heart disease or other illnesses.
Experts say good care for teeth should start at birth. Mothers’ milk is the best food for the healthy development of teeth.
But dentists say a baby’s mouth and early teeth should be cleaned after each feeding. Use a cloth with a little warm water. Do the same if a baby is fed with a bottle. Experts say if you decide to put your baby to sleep with a bottle, give him only water.
When a baby’s teeth begin to appear, you can clean them with a wet toothbrush. Dentists say it is important to find soft toothbrushes made especially for babies and to use them very gently. Young children often eat toothpaste (牙膏) when they brush their teeth, so they should be carefully watched when they brush their teeth.
Parents often ask what effect thumb sucking (吮拇指) might have on their baby’s teeth. Experts generally agree that this is fine early in life. Most children stop sucking their thumbs by the age of four. If it continues, parents should talk to their children’s dentists or doctors.
Dentists say children should have their first dental visit by the time they are one year old. They say babies should be examined when their first teeth appear, usually at around six months.
1. People should pay attention to teeth problems because ________.| A．they will bring bad luck |
| B．they will bring the family much trouble |
| C．they usually last a long time |
| D．they can cause other illnesses |
| A．he begins to speak | B．he was born |
| C．he has his first tooth | D．he is fed with a bottle |
| A．children’s toothbrushes are always expensive |
| B．children are not advised to brush their teeth |
| C．drinking water is better for babies’ teeth than milk before sleeping |
| D．thumb sucking is common for kids |
4 . You must think a computer is the best thing in the world, right? You must think it works at a super speed and can do everything? Well, it’s not! In fact, the brain is much more powerful than any super computer! Think about when a glass is just about to fall off the table. Your brain controls everything that you need to do to save that glass from falling. First your eyes check out what’s going on, then tell your brain, and your brain decides how quickly you need to react (反应), and then your muscles (肌肉) go into action. That is just from your brain. No computer could ever come close to that!
The brain weighs just 3 pounds, but it controls everything you do from thinking, learning, feeling even to breathing and your heart beating. Even though the brain is just 2% of your body weight, it uses around 20% of all your energy in your body. That is a lot for such a small organ. There are about 100 billion tiny, tiny little cells (细胞) in your brain. There are so many that it would take you over 3,000 years to count them all!
Your brain stops growing when you’re 18, but it actually keeps on developing and learning new things. So your parents are really super smart! You won’t be able to fool them! Believe it or not, your brain NEVER stops working. Even during sleeping, the brain works for long-term memory establishment. It is realized that the brain is the second organ in the body as the heart that never stops during human lives.
So everyone should be proud of such a gift of nature.
1. In Paragraph 1, the writer wants to tell us _________.| A．eyes and muscles react quickly |
| B．the brain controls everything in your body |
| C．the computer is the best thing in the world |
| D．the brain is more powerful than any computer |
| A．the body weight | B．2% of the body weight |
| C．all energy in the body | D．around 20% of the energy in the body |
| A．The brain doesn’t work during sleeping. |
| B．The brain is the only organ that never stops. |
| C．The brain keeps growing during human lives. |
| D．The brain keeps on developing during human lives. |
| A．Business Weekly. | B．Medicine. | C．Science. | D．Sports. |
5 . Eyesight plays an important part in our daily life. Every waking moment, the eyes are working to see the world around us. Over forty percent of Americans worry about losing eyesight, but it’s easy to include steps into our daily life to ensure healthy eyes. Here are some suggestions for a lifetime of healthy eyesight:
I. Schedule yearly exams.
II. Protect against UV rays(紫外线).
Long-term stay in the sun creates risk to your eyes. No matter what the season is, it’s extremely important to wear sunglasses.
III. Give your eyes a break.
Two-thirds of Americans spend up to seven hours a day using computers or other digital products.
IV. Eat your green.
As part of a healthy diet, eat more fruits and vegetables each day. Vitamins C and E help protect eyesight and promote eye health.
V. Practice safe wear and care of contact lenses (隐形眼镜).
Many Americans use contact lenses to improve their eyesight. While some follow the medical guidance for wearing lenses, many are breaking the rules and putting their eyesight at risk.
| A．Eye care should begin early in life |
| B．They can properly protect your eyes |
| C．Stay in good shape by taking more vitamins |
| D．Parents usually don’t care about their own eyesight |
| E．Always follow the doctor’s advice for appropriate wear |
| F．This frequent eye activity increases the risk for eye tiredness |
1. What does the woman do?
| A．A policewoman. | B．A doctor. | C．A driver. |
| A．Happy. | B．Disappointed. | C．Worried. |
1. What’s the probable relationship between the speakers?
| A．Teacher and student. |
| B．Doctor and patient. |
| C．Friends. |
| A．Buy a pair of glasses. |
| B．Improve (提高) her English. |
| C．Get a physical cheek up (检查). |
Eyes are the window of our soul. We humans are only born
9 . Have you ever noticed little specks (斑点) in the iris (the colored part) of your eyes? The specks, which occur in about 60% of the population, are clusters (组,族) of abnormal melanocytes (黑素细胞).Experts suspect that, like skin freckles, they may develop in response to sun exposure."We think that the pathway involved in iris freckles formation could be quite similar." Christoph Schwab, MD, wrote in an email to Health.
To investigate this theory, Dr.Schwab teamed up with other ophthalmologists (眼科医生) and dermatologists (皮肤病专家) to examine the skin and eyes of more than 600 people.Seventy-six percent of the participants possessed at least one eye freckle.They tended to be older than folks who had no eye freckles.And they were also more likely to report a high number of sunburns during their lifetime, and have sun-damaged skin and age spots.The researchers also noted that the participants were recruited（招募） from public swimming pools.They may have led outdoorsy lifestyles, with greater exposure to UV light than the average person.
While eye freckles themselves are usually not dangerous to health, they may serve as a warning sign for sun-related health problems, the researchers concluded."The presence of iris freckles also indicates sun damage to the skin, a risk factor for several different kinds of skin cancer.Within this context, there is certainly a need for further studies investigating the association between skin cancer and iris freckles, they wrote.
"The investigation of iris freckles in several eye diseases could lead to new knowledge regarding their pathogenesis (病原)," says Dr.Schwab.
For now, Dr.Schwab urges caution: If someone exhibits iris freckles, especially at a young age, I would reconsider current sun protection strategies."To keep your skin safe and your eyes freckle-free, remember to apply plenty of SPF even when it's cloudy, and wear shades or a hat to protect your eyes from the sun.
1. What is to blame for eye freckles?| A．Skin freckles. | B．Sun exposure. | C．Personal lifestyles. | D．Abnormal melanocytes. |
| A．prove more population owns them | B．find out the reasons for them |
| C．prevent people from skin cancer | D．find the link between skin and eyes |
| A．Take more exercises. | B．Apply plenty of SPF. |
| C．Work in public swimming pool. | D．Wear shades or a hat outdoors. |
| A．Health. | B．Society. | C．Education. | D．Technology |
10 . Most of us learned what we know about eye color from a chart in grade-school biology. You know two blue-eyed parents are going to have blue-eyed kids. But the story of how eye color is passed down is more complicated（复杂的) than we’re taught.
Humans get their eye color from melanin（黑色素）, which also determines skin and hair shades. Melanin is good at absorbing light, which is especially important for the iris（虹膜）, the function of which is to control how much brightness can enter the eyes. Once it passes through the irises, the majority of the visible light goes to the retina（视网膜）, where it’s translated into images by the brain. The little that isn’t absorbed by the iris is reflected back, producing what we see as eye color. That color depends on the kind and amount of melanin a person is born with.
Though we used to think eye color just came from a simple pattern of inheritance （遗传）, in recent years scientists have found that it’s also shaped by many genes acting together. What’s more, tiny changes, or mutations（突变）, in a gene can result in different shades in the iris.
The two genes currently thought to be most strongly linked with human eye color are OCA2 and HERC2. OCA2, the gene we used to think was the only player in eye color, controls the production of the P-protein and the organelles that make and transport melanin. Different mutations in the OCA2 gene increase or decrease the amount of protein that’s produced in the body, changing how much melanin is sent to the irises. The HERC2 gene, meanwhile, acts like a helicopter parent （直升机父母） for OCA2. Different mutations in this gene act as a switch that turns OCA2 on and off and determines how much P-protein it produces.
Those are just the two genes we know about in detail so far. Newer studies have linked as many as 16 genes to eye color, all of which pair with OCA2 and HERC2 to generate different iris colors and patterns. With all these genes and their structural changes, it’s hard to say for sure what a child’s eye color will be based on their parents’.
1. Which of the following shows how light reaches the brain?| A．The irises→ melanin→ the brain. |
| B．The retina→ melanin→ the brain. |
| C．The irises→ the retina→ the brain. |
| D．The retina- the irises -the brain. |
| A．OCA2 is controlled by HERC2. |
| B．OCA2 can be changed into HERC2 |
| C．Both can make and transport melanin |
| D．Both are the cause of mutations in genes. |
| A．Different colors received by the retina. |
| B．A lot of genes as well as their mutations |
| C．The amount of protein the person has in his or her body. |
| D．OCA2 and how much melanin it produces and transports. |
| A．Whether the melanin plays a key role in mutations. |
| B．Whether oCA2 and HERC2 can influence each other. |
| C．Whether melanin results in different shades in the iris. |
| D．Whether your eye color just comes from your parents. |
