1 . Costa Rica’s jungles might seem an unlikely spot for a group of medics (医学工作者) to gather together. But struggling through this dense stretch of Central American wilderness, that’s exactly who you might encounter.
Trading medical instruments and lab-made medicines for rafts and snake venom, these medics come together under the guidance of World Extreme Medicine (WEM), an organisation training medical staff like nurses and doctors to work in the world’s most unstable and remote conditions.
Extreme medicine is a subdiscipline (分支) of medicine in which healthcare providers respond to crises in war zones, assist those left behind after humanity’s most horrific disasters, and conduct medicine not just on land, but also deep beneath the sea and even in outer space. While all medics need to think on their feet, Mark Hannaford, the founder of WEM, explains that for extreme medics, that need is heightened. Medics might treat a patient in the burning heat of a desert, on an ice-cold tundra(苔原), or stabilize a person at altitude or in the dark. Despite this, he says, “you don’t need to run a marathon with a backpack on every day to be an extreme medic. Physical fitness is not the challenge. The challenge is adequately preparing yourself for the environment you are going into.”
“You really have to take good self-care in these environments,” adds pre-hospital lead and extreme medicine trainer, Eoin Walker. In places like Costa Rica, he teaches medics skills in security, diet and wound closure etc.. But medics also learn to care for their own physical and mental health. “In the UK, we don’t have to remember to drink every hour, or clean and dry our feet, or look at our calorie content — but you do in that environment,” he says.
“People who live where disaster hits still have issues like diabetes, babies are still being born, people need medical treatment,” says Mark. And with more disasters set to strike, their needs will only increase. “Training extreme medics is becoming more important as we face environmental challenges like climate change,” he adds.
1. Costa Rica’s jungles in this text are where ______.A.extreme medical service is offered | B.extreme medics create new medicine |
C.the head office of WEM is located | D.extreme medics do business with locals |
A.Being physically healthy. | B.Providing healthcare in crisis. |
C.Responding wisely and quickly. | D.Analyzing working environment. |
A.It’s never too late to learn. | B.Self-care cannot be stressed enough. |
C.Prevention is better than cure. | D.Healthy environment matters a lot. |
A.To call on people to be extreme medics. |
B.To introduce a new rising branch of medicine. |
C.To recommend a medical training organization. |
D.To show the growing demand of medics in remote areas. |
2 . Margaret Ann Bulkley was born around 1789, in Ireland. She had big dreams. “I want to be a doctor!” But two hundred years ago a girl couldn’t become a doctor. Her uncle, James Barry, was a great painter. And his friend General Miranda had a library with more than 6,000 books. Margaret loved reading there. Her intelligence impressed him. Years later, her uncle James Barry died, leaving her some money. It was enough to study to be a doctor.
“But a girl can’t become a doctor,” said Margaret sadly.
“Yes, you can!” said General Miranda. “All you have to do is to disguise as a boy.” Margaret really wanted to be a doctor. So she cut off her long hair, practiced speaking in a deep voice, and put on boy’s clothes. She also named herself James Barry.
From then on, Margaret Ann Bulkley disappeared. She became James Barry and entered Edinburgh University. He took 13 subjects and worked all through the summer when the other students went on holiday.
Barry graduated in 1812 and decided to join the British Army. In his life, Dr. James Barry travelled all over the world, helping to save many lives. Before retirement, Barry had risen to the second highest medical officer in the British Army. Barry improved the conditions for not only wounded soldiers but also the local people, and performed the first recorded successful caesarean section (剖宫产) in Africa. The secret Dr. James Barry kept for over fifty years was only known after his death in 1865.
1. Who played the most important role in Margaret’s becoming a doctor?A.General Miranda. | B.Her uncle James Barry. |
C.A soldier in the British Army. | D.A professor from Edinburgh University. |
A.Change one’s clothes. | B.Dress like a doctor. |
C.Change one’s appearance. | D.Dress like a gentleman. |
A.Becoming the highest officer in the British Army. |
B.Graduating from the most famous medical university. |
C.Improving medical conditions for the wounded soldiers. |
D.Doing the world’s first recorded caesarean section successfully. |
A.James Barry left much money. | B.Dr. James Barry was a woman. |
C.Margaret died in her twenties. | D.General Miranda helped Margaret a lot. |
1.人物的基本信息;
2.人物的基本事迹;
3.人物对你的影响。
A Great Figure
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________4 . When the Hurricane Laura
With the strong wind through the town, Dr. Juan Bossano with 14 nurses, and some other
Unfortunately, during the night the air conditioning was
The storm over, the babies were sent to other NICUs where necessary services hadn’t been
A.left | B.arrived | C.beat | D.hit |
A.necessary | B.important | C.impossible | D.suitable |
A.frightened | B.worried | C.annoyed | D.determined |
A.doctors | B.soldiers | C.parents | D.friends |
A.looking for | B.caring for | C.asking for | D.waiting for |
A.sent | B.led | C.forced | D.invited |
A.way | B.day | C.trip | D.plan |
A.exchanged | B.damaged | C.removed | D.checked |
A.tips | B.titles | C.topics | D.posts |
A.applied | B.trapped | C.affected | D.effected |
A.safe | B.dangerous | C.awake | D.shocked |
A.focus | B.sleep | C.entertainment | D.energy |
A.content | B.condition | C.design | D.impression |
A.pull together | B.slide away | C.turn back | D.show up |
A.introduced | B.admired | C.advanced | D.added |
5 . Elizabeth Blackwell was born in England in 1821, and moved to New York City when she was ten years old. One day she decided that she wanted to become a doctor. That was nearly impossible for a woman in the middle of the nineteenth century. After writing many letters asking for admission to medical schools, she was finally accepted by a doctor in Philadelphia. She was so determined that she taught school and gave music lessons to get money for the cost of schooling.
In 1849, after graduation from medical school, she decided to further her education in Paris. She wanted to be a surgeon, but a serious eye problem forced her to give up the idea.
Upon returning to the United States, she found it difficult to start her own practice because she was a woman. By 1857 Elizabeth and her sister, also a doctor, along with another woman doctor, managed to open a new hospital, the first for women and children. Besides being the first woman physician and founding her own hospital , she also set up the first medical school for women.
1. What main obstacle almost destroyed Elizabeth’s chances for becoming for a doctor?A.She couldn’t set up her hospital. | B.She wrote too many letters. |
C.She couldn’t graduate from medical school. | D.She was a woman. |
A.She couldn’t get admitted to medical school. |
B.A serious eye problem stopped her. |
C.She decided to further her education in Paris. |
D.It was difficult for her to start a practice in the United States. |
A.Nineteen years | B.Ten years | C.Eight years | D.Thirty-six years |
A.the United States | B.Paris | C.England | D.New York City |
A.became the first woman physician |
B.set up the first medical school for women |
C.and several other women founded the first hospital for women and children |
D.was the first woman doctor |
1. What is the man's problem?
A.He has a backache. |
B.He took too many pills. |
C.He lost contact with his doctor. |
A.He is very polite. |
B.He is seriously ill. |
C.He can't afford a full checkup. |
1. Why is the man making the call?
A.To change the medicine. |
B.To make an appointment. |
C.To know about the meeting. |
A.Go to Dr. Lee's office. |
B.Get in touch with Dr. Johnson. |
C.Put the man through to Dr. Lee. |
8 . When you talk to doctors in the hospitals, it often happens that most of them are very serious and speak in a range of terms that may be difficult to understand. But Zhang Wenhong, the leader of the Shanghai team of experts in the treatment of novel coronavirus pneumonia, is one of the exceptions. He caught the public's attention for his recent frank and funny speech.
Zhang's words first went viral on the Internet after he said in late January that he had sent doctors and nurses who are members of the Communist Party of China(CPC) to frontline hospitals to treat coronavirus cases. "When becoming CPC members, we vowed that we would always put people's interests first in the face of difficulties," Zhang said. “This is the moment we live up to the vow. All CPC members must rush to the frontline. No bargaining." Such a hardcore declaration of his attitude won widespread applause among Internet users. “A person's morals are witnessed most in a critical situation. Nothing could win more recognition from the people than the down-to-earth behavior of the CPC members, said Yang Haiyan, a 32-year-old Shanghai resident.
One month later, when Zhang advised local residents to reduce the risk of spreading the virus by staying at home, he said in Shanghai dialect: "If you don't stop seeing friends, you will see them again in the ICU.”
Though chased by the media, Zhang described himself as a medical worker who must speak out now, but will return to keeping a low profile after the outbreak ends. "I spoke because of the fear among the public, owing to limited knowledge of the contagion," said Zhang on Feb 26. “However, once the curtain of this coronavirus incident falls, it may be hard to find me. I’ll just hide myself in a comer, studying complicated patient cases and doing some reading, silently.”
1. What has made Zhang Wenhong so popular online?A.His attitude towards his patients. | B.His honest and humorous speech. |
C.His vow to fight against the virus. | D.His broad knowledge of the virus. |
A.They would not bargain. |
B.They should do as they had vowed. |
C.They would be calmer in a critical situation. |
D.They could win recognition from the people. |
A.He doesn't like to speak in public. |
B.He is looking forward to taking a break. |
C.He is not a person who is after fame and attention. |
D.He mainly treats people with complicated diseases. |
A.Figure | B.Life | C.Entertainment | D.Medicine |
9 . When the Hurricane Laura hit the city of Lake Charles, a(n)
With the strong wind through the town, Dr. Juan Bossano with 14 nurses, and some other
Unfortunately, during the night the air conditioning was
The storm over, the babies were sent to other NICUs where necessary services hadn’t been
A.rescue | B.movement | C.evacuation | D.arrangement |
A.impossible | B.necessary | C.important | D.suitable |
A.frightened | B.worried | C.annoyed | D.determined |
A.soldiers | B.parents | C.doctors | D.friends |
A.looking for | B.caring for | C.asking for | D.waiting for |
A.city | B.country | C.school | D.university |
A.way | B.trip | C.day | D.plan |
A.knocked | B.turned | C.checked | D.called |
A.tips | B.titles | C.topics | D.posts |
A.applied | B.trapped | C.suffered | D.affected |
A.dangerous | B.safe | C.awake | D.calm |
A.sleep | B.focus | C.energy | D.entertainment |
A.content | B.design | C.condition | D.impression |
A.quit | B.suffer | C.pull together | D.get together |
A.admired | B.added | C.introduced | D.advanced |
10 . It had just been an average working week at the hospital, really.I’m a critical care
It was Thursday 19 March, the week before lockdown(封闭), we knew that Covid was about to
I’d seen about the
It’s hard to
A.doctor | B.manager | C.nurse | D.dentist |
A.usual | B.simple | C.previous | D.1ater |
A.hit | B.exist | C.break | D.catch |
A.excitement | B.surprise | C.anxiety | D.curiosity |
A.preparing | B.shopping | C.visiting | D.working |
A.similar | B.various | C.exciting | D.different |
A.eager | B.careful | C.patient | D.panic |
A.However | B.Therefore | C.Otherwise | D.Besides |
A.Finally | B.Initially | C.Unluckily | D.Frequently |
A.inquire | B.observe | C.understand | D.tackle |
A.hide | B.document | C.spot | D.introduce |
A.recognize | B.shock | C.strengthen | D.ease |
A.blank | B.silent | C.messy | D.crazy |
A.predict | B.doubt | C.discuss | D.realize |
A.trust | B.convince | C.create | D.discover |