1 . Imagine this: Your tonsils (扁桃体) are so inflamed (发炎) that it’s hard to swallow. Every swallow is painful. The doctor has a solution: an operation. “Will the operation hurt?” you ask. “Not a chance,” the doctor says. That’s because a Certified Registered Nurse Anesthetist, or CRNA, will be a part of the surgical team. It’s that person’s job to help manage the anesthesia (麻醉) that makes patients much less sensitive to pain during surgery.

Throughout history, there have been countless medical breakthroughs and discoveries. Perhaps none has been more significant than the use of anesthesia to deaden the pain of surgery. Some forms put people into a sleeplike state for a short time during routine medical procedures. General anesthesia causes patients to lose consciousness during major operations, such as hip replacements or open-heart surgery. A regional anesthesia numbs only a part of a patient’s body, although the person might be awake. Local anesthesia numbs a small area, such as around stitches (缝线).

Brett Hayes is a CRNA. “If you want an exciting career with direct, hands-on caring for people and saving lives, you won’t regret picking anesthesia as a career,” he says. “I can see anywhere from one to 15 patients per day, depending on the timing and difficulty of the surgery,” Hayes says. “I might finish the day in the obstetrical department, giving anesthesia to an expectant (怀孕的) mother about to deliver a baby,” he says. “Rarely are two days the same. If you choose the path to becoming a nurse anesthetist, know that it is long and difficult,” Hayes says. “It is, however, worth every minute you’ll put into it.”

Still, being a nurse anesthetist is much more than knowing which drugs to use or how to monitor them. “In order to be truly successful, you have to connect with people,” says Antoinette Padula, Hayes’s wife. Also a CRNA, she teaches at Columbia University, in New York City. “It means giving support and encouragement to patients and their loved ones during some of the most critical, often life-changing moments in their lives.”

1. What does the author want to show by imagining an illness case?

A．The need to cooperate in an operation.

B．The terrible worries of patients.

C．The patients’ pain in surgical procedures.

D．The important role of CRNA in the operation.

2. What is the second paragraph mainly about?

A．The types of anesthesia.

B．The different operations.

C．The procedures of doing anesthesia.

D．The various situations of patients.

3. What does Hayes think of his job?

A．Exhausting.	B．Rewarding.
C．Demanding.	D．Embarrassing.

4. What does Antoinette consider important to be a nurse anesthetist?

A．Informing patients of their life-changing moments.

B．Making patients get support from their loved ones.

C．Establishing good connection with patients actively.

D．Encouraging patients to be successful in their life.

2 . 请你用英文写一篇短文向校英文报投稿，介绍“中国肝胆外科之父”吴孟超，要点包括：

1. 人物简介。
2. 主要成就： 1960年，完成了中国第一例成功的肝脏手术。2006年，荣获“国家最高科技奖”。
3. 人物评价。
注意：1. 词数 100 左右；
2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文逻辑通顺，内容丰富。参考词汇：肝胆外科 hepatobiliary surgery
国家最高科技奖National Top Science and Technology Award
（1922-2021，福建闽清）
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

3 . We experienced a horrible winter because of the national outbreak of COVID-19. My aunt is a doctor. 2 days before the Chinese New Year’s Eve when hearing the urgent news that she should perform her duty in Wuhan, my family sank into a great panic. How long would this duty last? Could my auntie be safe? More and more confirmed cases and deaths were reported. Hubei Province was locked down. People were restricted to homes. The whole country was under a cloud of terror.

At this time, a group of medical staff, including my aunt, came forward. They sacrificed their Spring Festival holiday and charged on the front line to defeat the disease. Regardless of personal safety, they took their professional mission to head for Hubei Province.

In addition, Zhong Nanshan, Li Lanjuan, Zhang Boli, Chen Wei and other top scientists immediately made up the epidemic expert group, trying to find out pathology and effective prescriptions as soon as possible. Many truck drivers had been devoted to transporting all kinds of goods to support Hubei Province.

Throughout the country, the Party members have played their exemplary role at all posts in routine work of disinfection and sterilization, registration and inspection. Moreover, a lot of volunteers have kept on duty day and night, insist on publicizing the common knowledge of epidemic prevention. In this way, our government could take measures step by step.

In peace times, there are also heroes. They can be medical staff, scientists and all fighters in this fight against CONVID-19. In the face of the epidemic, in spite of their personal concerns and their family’s worries, they can still make their courageous choice.

Last week, my aunt came back home, safe and sound. I gave my aunt a warm hug. It’s also a hug to all heroes in our country. Thank you all! Our heroes! You are making our world more colorful.

1. How do you feel about the writer’s aunt?

A．Courageous and responsible.	B．Responsible and careful.
C．Careful and warm-hearted.	D．Warm-hearted and experienced.

2. What do we know about the author’s aunt?

A．She is a doctor in Wuhan.	B．She loves her family very much.
C．She does not work in Wuhan.	D．She gets along well with her workmates.

3. What’s the main idea of Paragraph 4?

A．Hubei was more serious than other provinces.

B．Other provinces did less than Hubei.

C．The CCP led the whole country to fight against the epidemic together.

D．Volunteers were necessary in Hubei.

4. Which words can describe the writer’s attitude to medical workers?

A．Thankful and respectful.	B．Indifferent and negative.
C．Worried and puzzled.	D．Interested and objective.

4 . The University of Miami’s newest hospital has a six-bed emergency room, operating room, a birthing room and outpatient clinics. The only thing missing is patients. Instead, nursing students get a realistic clinical experience using computerised mannequins (fake patients) and staff actors.

“Practising on real people can be a bit frightening environment, and as our patients become more knowledgeable, they tend to hesitate when a student walks in,” said Susana Barroso-Fernandez, who oversees UM’s simulation (模拟) program. “We created this environment to allow students to practise and make mistakes and never put a patient or student at risk.”

This hospital is part of a growing trend of colleges building simulation centres to provide real-life experience for students. The move towards simulation has increased as nursing programs have grown faster than hospitals’ capacity to accommodate these students.

A 2014 study found that colleges could use simulation to replace up to half of all clinical experience without any negative results. The students scored just as well on nursing license exams as those getting most of their experience in hospitals and healthcare centres.

There are major benefits of simulation, officials said. In addition to giving students a safe environment to practise, it also gives students experience with situations that are rare, but still important for them to know how to handle them.

The Simulation Hospital will also be used as a training place for people outside of UM, including hurricane training. “It’s not just about nursing education,” said Susan.

1. Which of the following best proves UM’s simulation program worked well?

A．Students performed as well.

B．It offered students all clinical experience.

C．Nursing programs have grown faster.

D．The hospital will be used as a training place.

2. What does the underlined part “a growing trend” in Paragraph 3 refer to?

A．Launching nursing programs.

B．Building more healthcare centres.

C．Improving hospitals’ capacity.

D．Colleges building simulation centres.

3. What’s the function of Paragraph 4 for the whole passage?

A．To make the point more persuasive.

B．To make the description more vivid.

C．To make the program more appealing.

D．To make the topic more interesting.

4. What might be the best title for the passage?

A．More Experience, Less Risk

B．Safer Environment, More Patients

C．More Practice, Fewer Mistakes

D．Newest Hospital, Best Accommodation

5 . 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Dr Lin Qiaozhi once sad, “Life is precious... To a person nothing is more precious than their life, and if they entrust me with that life, how could I refuse that trust,     1    (say) I’m cold, hungry, or tired?” These words carried her    2    a life of hard choices. She    3    (choose) to study medicine instead of following the     4    (tradition) path like the majority of girls. After graduating from university, she     5    (immediate) became the first woman ever to be hired as     6    resident physician. When studying in the US, her American colleagues invited her to stay in the US.    7    , she refused because she wanted to serve the woman and children at home. In 1941, Dr Lin became the first Chinese woman     8    was appointed director of the OB-GYN department of the PUMC Hospital. But a few months later, the department was closed because of the war. Lin Qiaozhi,    9    (know) as the “mother of ten thousand     10    (baby)”, devoted all her life to medical work for Chinese women and children.

6 . 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

It is a    1     (move) story between Zhong Jing, a doctor, and the villagers in Longhe Village, Longchang Town, Qianxinan Bouyei and Miso Autonomous Prefecture in Guizhou Province.

Before Zhong’s arrival, there was no clinic in the village. If villagers had to see     2     doctor when they suffered from serious health problems, they had no     3     (choose) but to go to the hospital in town which is more than four     4     (hour) walk away. Since Zhong set up the only small clinic (诊所) there with all her life savings at the time, things have changed.

With her excellent medical skill and selfless devotion for a long time, she     5     (final) won the locals’ heart. She often makes calls to some with diseases such as high blood pressure. “I need to remind them     6     (come) to have their blood pressure and blood sugar tested,” she says. If they can’t make it, Zhong will visit them. For the past two years, Zhong     7     (make) more house calls to her patients so that they needn’t move around during the COVID-19 times.

Thanks to the guidance of Zhong, the local villagers increasingly develop a     8     (strong) health awareness than before. The number of patients     9     visit the clinic has been becoming less in recent years. Zhong says, “I’m glad that I’m not only a doctor in the village now. It feels great to be of some help and be trusted     10     them.”

7 . I believe I have a personal duty to make a positive impact on society. I’ve tried to ________ this goal by choosing a career in public service. As a physician dealing with the challenge of infectious diseases, I consider my job a ________ which allows me to help ease the suffering of humankind. I have three principles to ________ my life, which I always think about.

Firstly, I have a strong thirst for ________. I regard myself as a(n) ________ student. I keep learning every day—from taking care of a patient to an experiment in the lab. Because of this, I ________ get bored. I think I will never know as much as I ________. This is what keeps the ________ of knowledge hot. And it is why I would ________ my job every day even if I cannot get high income.

Secondly, I believe in fighting for ________. I sweat over all the stuff, without feeling ________ for it. One of the byproducts of being a perfectionist is anxiety. But this anxiety creates a ________ tension that drives me to fulfill my limited potential. Without this ________, I wouldn’t be perfect.

Thirdly, I believe that my goal to be a physician is to ________ humankind. I have spent my ________ on public service. Most of it involved research, the care of ________ and the public health policy on AIDS. However, when I chose to ________ it in the 1980s, many of my col- leagues couldn’t understand it.

I think, to control this terrible disease ________ I must be guided by these principles: continually thirsting for knowledge, accepting nothing ________ of excellence and knowing that the ________ of society is more important than my gains.

1.

A．find

B．ignore

C．change

D．accomplish

2.

A．gift

B．game

C．program

D．solution

3.

A．form

B．check

C．guide

D．prove

4.

A．power

B．knowledge

C．adventure

D．evidence

5.

A．hard-working

B．helpful

C．attractive

D．clever

6.

A．personally

B．rarely

C．generally

D．suddenly

7.

A．want

B．promise

C．admit

D．refuse

8.

A．necessity

B．excuse

C．recovery

D．pursuit

9.

A．do

B．lose

C．record

D．forget

10.

A．agreement

B．balance

C．excellence

D．fairness

11.

A．embarrassed

B．curious

C．amused

D．regretful

12.

A．common

B．healthy

C．serious

D．harmful

13.

A．prospect

B．wisdom

C．tension

D．method

14.

A．employ

B．introduce

C．unite

D．serve

15.

A．reputation

B．career

C．doubt

D．luck

16.

A．children

B．elders

C．patients

D．students

17.

A．escape from

B．get over

C．give out

D．concentrate on

18.

A．randomly

B．occasionally

C．successfully

D．immediately

19.

A．full

B．short

C．worthy

D．typical

20.

A．good

B．standard

C．variety

D．arrival

8 . Margaret Ann Bulkley was born around 1789, in Ireland. She had big dreams. “I want to be a doctor!” But two hundred years ago a girl couldn’t become a doctor. Her uncle, James Barry, was a great painter. And his friend General Miranda had a library with more than 6,000 books. Margaret loved reading there. Her intelligence impressed him. Years later, her uncle James Barry died, leaving her some money. It was enough to study to be a doctor.

“But a girl can’t become a doctor,” said Margaret sadly.

“Yes, you can!” said General Miranda. “All you have to do is to disguise as a boy.” Margaret really wanted to be a doctor. So she cut off her long hair, practiced speaking in a deep voice, and put on boy’s clothes. She also named herself James Barry.

From then on, Margaret Ann Bulkley disappeared. She became James Barry and entered Edinburgh University. He took 13 subjects and worked all through the summer when the other students went on holiday.

Barry graduated in 1812 and decided to join the British Army. In his life, Dr. James Barry travelled all over the world, helping to save many lives. Before retirement, Barry had risen to the second highest medical officer in the British Army. Barry improved the conditions for not only wounded soldiers but also the local people, and performed the first recorded successful caesarean section (剖宫产) in Africa. The secret Dr. James Barry kept for over fifty years was only known after his death in 1865.

1. Who played the most important role in Margaret’s becoming a doctor?

A．General Miranda.	B．Her uncle James Barry.
C．A soldier in the British Army.	D．A professor from Edinburgh University.

2. What does the underlined word disguise in paragraph 3 mean?

A．Change one’s clothes.	B．Dress like a doctor.
C．Change one’s appearance.	D．Dress like a gentleman.

3. Which was Dr. James Barry’s achievement in her job?

A．Becoming the highest officer in the British Army.

B．Graduating from the most famous medical university.

C．Improving medical conditions for the wounded soldiers.

D．Doing the world’s first recorded caesarean section successfully.

4. What was the secret Dr. James Barry kept for over fifty years?

A．James Barry left much money.	B．Dr. James Barry was a woman.
C．Margaret died in her twenties.	D．General Miranda helped Margaret a lot.

9 . 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写一个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。

A group doctors,     1     had been specially trained in skiing skills in China over the last four years, provided medical treatment during the Winter Olympics. In the field, if there was an accident, the ski doctors had to be on the scene in four minutes     2     a 10-kilo medical bag and had to deal with the injuries and remove the     3     (injure) athlete from the track in just 15 minutes.

10 . People ________have been ill in hospital are always ________to the nurses ________. ________ their clean, white uniform (制服) , they move from bed ________bed, helping ________. They are always hardworking, cheerful ________ friendly, doing ________ they can ________ make the sick people comfortable.

But hospital were not always________ this. Many years ________ hospital were dirty and crowded. The nurses ________ not well trained. At that time there was a lady ________ Florence Nightingale ________became________ in hospital and went to ________ as a nurse though she had no ________ to work. She ________a good example to all the ________, and is always remembered as the ________ nurses in the world.

1.

A．they

B．all

C．that

D．those

2.

A．thank

B．thankful

C．like

D．glad

3.

A．there

B．by there

C．in there

D．for there

4.

A．With

B．By

C．Without

D．In

5.

A．and

B．for

C．to

D．over

6.

A．each other

B．themselves

C．the sick

D．everyone

7.

A．but

B．and

C．also

D．though

8.

A．that

B．one thing

C．what

D．which

9.

A．and

B．to

C．but

D．so

10.

A．for

B．as

C．with

D．like

11.

A．ago

B．before

C．later

D．then

12.

A．had

B．would

C．could

D．were

13.

A．who named

B．whose name

C．by the name

D．named

14.

A．and

B．who

C．then

D．also

15.

A．interest

B．interesting

C．interested

D．interestingly

16.

A．do

B．make

C．work

D．act

17.

A．job

B．interest

C．need

D．power

18.

A．got

B．made

C．took

D．set

19.

A．nurses

B．patients

C．doctors

D．people

20.

A．happiest

B．best

C．poorest

D．hardest