Peru, a county     1     the Pacific coast of South America, is well-known for its diverse geography. time honored history and magnificent civilization. The county was the center of the powerful ancient Inca Empire in the 1400s and 1500s, when the Inca emperor     2     (live) in the now-famous site Machu Picchu.     3     nation was under the control of Spain from the 16^th century to 1821. It is because of this     4     Spanish is the main     5    (office) language of Peru.

If you are to visit Peru, you may consider spending a day or two     6     (wander) along the beautiful streets in Cusco,     7     was the capital of the Inca Empire from the 13^th until the 16^th century. It is also recommended that you     8     (pay) a visit to Machu Picchu, where you can admire the     9     (amaze) dry stone method of building. Being the world's catalogue, Peru is sure to leave an     10     (impress) on everyone.

Over 70 years ago, countless ordinary Chinese stepped onto the battlefield to fight     1     our homeland in the War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea, in     2     more than 197,000 compatriots gave their precious     3    (life).

In that great era, 300.000-plus heroes such as Yang Gensi, Huang Jiguang and Qiu Shaoyun and     4    (near)6,000 meritorious(值得称赞的)collectives emerged(出现)in the volunteer army.

When those heroes sacrificed(牺牲)    5    (they), some were still very young. At that time, most of the volunteers     6    (bury)directly on the spot, except for a few who were transported back to the country for burial. For more than half a century, China has never forgotten     7    (it)heroes. Since 2014, China     8    (receive)eight batches of remains of 825 volunteers for eight consecutive years,     9    (express)respect and admiration for the sacrifices of these courageous individuals while remembering history. In this year, China has made enormous achievements in building a modern society in all respects, reflecting how China is becoming a stronger nation. In this journey, it is the countless heroes     10     have realized China's prosperity(繁荣)and strength.

What’s in a name?

According to the British history, Wales is the first country to be joined to the Kingdom of England, which happened in the 16^th century. Later, Scotland and Ireland     1     (add) to create the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland     2    (break) away from the UK, which resulted in the full name we have today: the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, whose     3     (shorten) name is “the United Kingdom” or “the UK”. The four countries of the UK use the same flag as well as the same currency and military defense. However, they also have some differences, like different legal systems. The UK’s long and interesting history can help you understand much more about the country and its traditions. Studying the history of the UK will make your visit much more     4     (enjoy). The capital city London is a great place to start, as it is an ancient port city that has a history     5     (date) all the way back to Roman times. There are countless historic sites to explore, and lots of museums with ancient relics from all over the UK.

Queen of the UK or England?

The Queen of the United Kingdom can be called the British Queen,     1     (unofficial). People who call her the Queen of England will     2     (regard) to be uneducated, as there has not been an English Queen since 1707. The problem comes from the confusing names of the United Kingdom (UK), Great Britain, England, Scotland, Wales,     3     Northern Ireland.

The UK covers all of     4     last four countries. Therefore, any people from the four places can be referred to as from the UK. However, they’d probably prefer being referred to as from England, Scotland, Wales or Northern Ireland, because the individual country's name     5     (stand) for different history and culture. If they have an obviously recognizable accent (口音), it would be much better     6     (describe) them with one of the four names. If they don't, stay safe and say the UK or British. Then they’ll probably tell you     7     they're from.

But never refer to someone who is from Scotland, Wales or Northern Ireland as from England. Depending on which of the four countries they’re from, they will show their     8     (reaction) in different ways:

People who are English won't care much.

Welsh will care and think you're a little bit silly.

Scots will become     9     (annoy) and think you are stupid.

About 50% of people in Northern Ireland will become extremely     10     (madness).

Located in the southwest Pacific, New Zealand which is made up of two main islands and     1     number of small islands, is famous for its     2     (amaze) natural beauty and scenic attractions.

New Zealand is about the same size as the United Kingdom. The two main islands are 1600km     3     length, but only 5〜450km wide and separated by the Cook Strait. Over 75 percent of New Zealand is at least 200m above sea level with Mount Cook being the     4     (high) point. The Chatham Islands, 800km east of Christchurch, are the first lands on earth     5     (see) the sun.

Much of New Zealand culture is from Britain, including some cultures from America, Australia and Maori, along with other European cultures and Asian cultures. Large festivals in     6     (celebrate) of Diwali and Chinese New Year     7     (hold) in several large cities. The music and food of New Zealand are similar to those of Britain and the United States, although they have some     8     (extreme) special New Zealand and Pacific qualities.

Queenstown,     9     is the main center for snow sports in New Zealand, attracts people from all over the world to ski at the four mountain ski fields every year. In recent years, Queenstown’s hotels     10     (become) popular destinations for tourists from all over the world.

The four countries that belong    1    the United Kingdom worked together in some areas.    2    , they also have some differences. For example, England, Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland all have different education systems and legal systems. They also have    3    (they) own traditions, football teams and so on.