1. Where will the recycling campaign be held?
| A．In a school. | B．In a radio station. | C．In a recycling center. |
| A．At 8:00 am on July 8th. | B．At 10:00 am on July 10th. | C．At 10:00 am on July 18th. |
| A．To use them to play games. |
| B．To put them in the special recycling bins. |
| C．To learn how to sort household rubbish. |
| A．By making a call. | B．By listening to the radio. | C．By reading the newspapers. |
2 . Wind energy provided 7% of the total electricity in the United States in 2019. Since 2008, the number of coal-fired power plants has declined, as the use of renewable energy and natural gas has increased. Wind energy is an excellent way to reduce carbon emissions, but what will happen when the wind turbine blades wear out? Is there a waste management issue?
The design life of wind turbines is about 20 to 25 years. The longest wind turbine blade to date is 350 feet. Although certain parts of wind turbines can be relatively easily recycled, others are not designed for recycling. Many spent turbine blades are piling up in landfills. However, researchers from the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) are making progress in this area.
They developed a blade out of thermoplastic resin that is low-cost, lightweight, and seems to be recyclable. If the new blade also proves to be strong, this will be a game changer for the offshore and onshore wind industry. Lower costs also could help improve wind energy efficiency, reducing the use of fossil fuels. A lightweight blade is easier to transport and uses less fuel. It also seems easier to recycle and uses less energy in the production process. “With the traditional material, it’s almost like when you fry an egg. It’s finished and you can’t undo that,” said Derek Berry, a senior engineer at NREL. “But with a thermoplastic resin system, you can make a blade out of it. You heat it to a certain temperature, and it melts back down. You can get the liquid resin back and reuse that.”
Although the research looks promising, progress will be slow. Most wind farms being constructed today will stop working in a few decades. The benefits of recyclable blades are still decades away at least. The associated environmental impact has largely been a blind spot for the industry. Hopefully, recent progress will help make wind power even greener.
1. What is the disadvantage of the current wind turbine blade?| A．Its high cost. | B．Its limited use. |
| C．Its negative impact on the environment. | D．Its inefficiency in producing electricity. |
| A．Why thermoplastic resin is strong. | B．How thermoplastic resin is recycled. |
| C．The widespread of thermoplastic resin. | D．The production process of thermoplastic resin. |
| A．Pessimistic. | B．Careless. | C．Doubtful. | D．Optimistic. |
| A．A new way to develop turbine blades. | B．A fresh approach to using wind power. |
| C．An unknown renewable energy source. | D．The way to tear down old turbine blades. |
全世界的环境问题在变得越来越严重。请你根据漫画内容和下面要求给China Daily写一封信反映这一情况，并提出几条保护环境的建议。
注意：1、信的开头与结尾已经给出，不计算在总词数内。
2、字数要求: 150左右。
3、人口膨胀population expansion 过度开发overdevelopment
Dear editor,
Environmental problems are becoming more and more serious all over the world.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours truly,
Li Hua
4 . Coral reefs (珊瑚礁)are in great danger ,due to warming oceans. Conservationists are worried about how to save them, but a new study might come as music to their ears.
A team of scientists came up with an unusual idea to play underwater sounds along degraded(退化) coral reefs of Australia's Great Barrier Reef that would copy the usual noises heard on a healthy and active reef. When they did so, they found that fish were attracted to the music and more willing to hang around.
Dr. Stephen Simpson, a researcher at the University of Exeter, UK, said that coral reefs are remarkably noisy places full of various sounds. Young fish will be attracted to these sounds after they spent their early stage in the open ocean. However, once a reef becomes degraded, it smells and sounds less attractive to the young fish, who choose to settle elsewhere, thus speeding up further degradation of the reef.
In the experiment, reefs were given one of three experimental treatments. They either had no loudspeaker, a fake loudspeaker, or a real loudspeaker that played reef sounds. Playback occurred for 40 days, always at nighttime, which is when fish settlement typically occurs.
After 40 days, there were twice as many young fish on reefs with real loudspeakers than the other two kinds of reefs, with no significant differences between the two control treatments. And biodiversity also increased by 50 %, with more species attracted to the sound.
While the presence of fish alone cannot restore a coral reef to good health, study author Dr. Mark Meekan explained that “recovery is encouraged by fish that clean the reefs and create space for corals to regrow”. This could promote a “snowball effect”, with other fish responding positively to communities founded earlier, causing further increases in settlement.
The researchers hope that this discovery can add to reef restoration efforts because, at this point ,the reefs need all the help they can get.
1. How will conservationists feel about the new study?| A．Hopeful. | B．Amused. | C．Worried. | D．Uncertain. |
| A．To explain the importance of sounds to corals. |
| B．To figure out the effect of some sounds on fish. |
| C．To prove the relationship between fish and corals. |
| D．To show fish prefer to gather around loudspeakers. |
| A．They can provide food for corals. |
| B．They can make beautiful music for corals. |
| C．They can cure unhealthy corals of diseases. |
| D．They can create room for the growth of corals. |
| A．Fish Can Help Degraded Corals Produce Music |
| B．Reef Music Attracts Young Fish to Degraded Corals |
| C．Pleasant Music Can Help Coral Reefs Grow Healthily |
| D．Degraded Coral Reefs Can Create Music to Attract Fish |
5 . A study has found that warmer waters off North America's West Coast caused many kinds of sea life to move farther north than ever before.
The study was a project of scientists from the University of California, Davis. The scientists examined waters off the coast of Northern California in the eastern Pacific Ocean. The researchers say they recognized a local of 67 species（ 物种）between 2014 and 2016, during what was described as a "marine heat wave". Marine heatwaves were explained in the study as "period of extreme sea surface temperatures lasting for days to months". The 2014-2016 heatwave is thought to be the largest ever recorded. The warn water later moved south toward California.
The warmer water were partly a product of El Niño conditions during the same period, researcher noted. El Niño develops when winds off the coast of South America weaken. This enabled warm water in the western Pacific to move eastward. El Niño often causes ocean temperatures in the area to rise between 2 to 4 degrees Celsius, the study found.
The researchers reported that 37 of the 67 species they studied had never before been observed so far north as California. These creatures are native to an area hundreds of kilometers to the south, mainly around Baja California in Mexico. A few were even found north of California, off the state of Oregon. The northward travel of so many different sea creatures was considered "unprecedented"（史无前例的）by the researchers. Among the species found in the study were a meat-eating sea slug that hunts other sea slugs, a sea snail "butterfly" and purple-lined jellyfish. Another unexpected visitor was the pelagic red crab, which researchers said had only been found in areas off the coast of Mexico.
Scientists involved in the study believe the findings can provide valuable information for knowing future sea life reactions to warming oceans.
1. What is a marine heat wave according to the passage?| A．An ocean with rough surface. |
| B．A wave with low temperatures. |
| C．A period of warmer ocean surface water. |
| D．A species living in extreme weather. |
| A．Warmer waters. | B．Weakened winds off South America. |
| C．Colder sea surface. | D．Species moving northward. |
| A．To point out that ocean environment becomes worse. |
| B．To suggest that sea creatures need separate living space. |
| C．To prove that many kinds of sea life can adapt to warmer waters. |
| D．To evidence that ocean temperature along California are higher than before. |
| A．The heatwaves disturb the life of many sea creatures. |
| B．The increased temperature benefits many sea creatures. |
| C．Sea life reactions can be valuable to predict future heatwaves. |
| D．The heatwaves cause many unexpected visitors to move southward. |
6 . Climate change has been a long-standing issue that continuously drives scientists to find green fuels. The universe's most rich element, hydrogen(氢), has drawn their attention and is now on its way to becoming the future of green fuel.
More than $150 billion worth of green hydrogen projects were announced globally in 2020, according to Reuters. Airbus, a European corporation, has taken the lead in the new sustainable fuel industry. It has designed self-contained hydrogen fuel cell pods(燃料电池舱) that can be attached to the underside of airplane wings, which aim to achieve zero emissions(排放). The company plans to launch hydrogen -powered aircraft in 2035, according to Daily Mail.
Compared to fossil fuels, hydrogen is a much more eco-friendly fuel. When hydrogen bums, the only by-product is water. However, the traditional way to extract(提取) hydrogen from natural gas or coal generates considerable carbon emissions. The greenest way is to obtain hydrogen from water using electrolysis(电解) powered by renewable energy, although this process requires so much electricity that it is quite expensive. The key to making hydrogen competitive with fossil fuels is to lower the production cost to under $1.50. This would require lowering around 50 percent of renewable power costs and 75 percent of electrolyzer costs, according to Australia’s renewable energy agency.
Also, shipping liquid hydrogen is challenging, because that needs to be chilled to －253℃ to do so. According to Reuters, most of the world's big hydrogen export projects are looking to ship hydrogen in the form of liquid ammonia(氨), which can be converted to hydrogen and needs to be chilled to only －33℃.
With more and more countries aiming to cut down carbon emissions to deal with the issue of global warming, green hydrogen will help them hit the targets by decarbonizing industries that cannot be electrified.
1. What is the unique strength of the hydrogen fuel cell pods?| A．They work very efficiently. | B．They produce no by-product. |
| C．They are environmentally friendly. | D．They allow for long-distance flights. |
| A．Its lower performance. | B．Its production cost. |
| C．Its carbon emissions. | D．Its electricity consumption. |
| A．The required temperature. | B．The expensive shipping cost. |
| C．The building of professional carriers. | D．Getting it to the form of liquid ammonia. |
| A．Those funded by public money. | B．Those depending on electricity. |
| C．Those unable to be electrified. | D．Those with an improved energy system. |
7 . Alternative energy is becoming popular in many homes. Solar systems are being set up to heat water and provide energy,
When cleaning inside the home you can use cleaning products that are eco-friendly, and reduce the amount of chemicals that are released in the environment.
There are many things that you can do to reduce the impact on the environment when building a home.
| A．There are simple and easy ways to do it |
| B．Try to avoid using plastic when possible |
| C．Water management is extremely important |
| D．People are also starting to use wind systems |
| E．Greener living is not only environmentally friendly |
| F．Not everyone can make big changes to their lifestyles |
| G．You end up with a home that rises above your expectations |
8 . Manta rays (魔鬼鱼)are some of the creatures in the ocean who allow divers to swim right up to and interact (互动) with them. Unfortunately, these gentle animals are in big trouble. Since 2011, manta rays have been listed as a threatened species worldwide.
Peru, a country in South America, recently took a big step to protect giant manta rays: It banned fishing for them. Although 12 other countries have passed laws to protect rays, Peru's may be the most important one yet. That's because there are more manta rays in the Pacific Ocean near Peru than in any other place in the world.
Giant manta rays are unusual — looking creatures. The giant, flat rays are typically about 4.5 meters wide and can grow up to 8 meters wide! "They're" sort of like giant flying carpets underwater, says Joshua Stewart of the Manta Trust, an organization that researches manta rays.
People catch rays for their meal. Overfishing is bad for any sea creature, but it's even worse for manta rays. Female manta rays usually have only one baby every two to five years. So every ray that's caught hurts the population in a big way. People who break Peru's new law can be fined or have their fishing licenses taken away. Even rays caught accidentally in fishing nets must be set free.
Earlier this year, the Manta Trust attached video cameras, called Crittercams, to manta rays off the west coast of Mexico. The footage(连续镜头)the cameras collect could help researchers predict where rays swim and when. The scientists could use the information to warn fishing boats to avoid these areas, helping reduce the number of accidentally caught rays.
Stewart says it's important to protect these unique creatures. "There's really no other animal that compares in size and that you can have interactions with in the wild.
1. What's a characteristic of manta rays?| A．They can fly like a bird. |
| B．They are usually of small size. |
| C．They are very friendly to people |
| D．They like swimming up and down. |
| A．They haven't their own home. |
| B．They only live in the Pacific Ocean. |
| C．Their number has dropped greatly. |
| D．Almost no female rays give birth. |
| A．protect them | B．look for more rays |
| C．make films about them | D．reduce their population |
| A．It makes no sense. | B．It is hard to follow. |
| C．It is really essential, | D．It needs improvement. |
9 . Earth Day is April 22. It's a day when people around the world work to help the planet, including kids.
Speaking Out
Jaysa Hunter-Mellers, 14, spoke at the City Hall to ask leaders to shut the last coal power plant（发电厂）nearby which brought her a serious trouble that made breathing difficult. She didn't think that people would listen to her, a kid. But the coal plant later said it would close. Jaysa learned to speak to her local government at a young age and now she wants to teach others to speak up too.
Helping Butterflies
When Aiden Wang was 6, he learned that local butterflies were in trouble because they needed milkweed plants to survive. But milkweed was disappearing. So Aiden started growing milkweed at his home, on which the insects lay eggs. Aiden's now 13 and he cares for eggs and lets them go when they turn into butterflies.
Doing Good for Gorillas（大猩猩）
When Addy Barrett was in first grade, she learnt that the mountain gorillas were in danger. She wanted to protect them and set up a program called Gorilla Heroes. So far, Gorilla Heroes has raised more than $11,000 to help mountain gorillas. Addy says, “The feeling of having a fine influence on the world is like no other. It feels so good to know that I am making a difference.”
Educating the Youth
In fourth grade, Jeremy Clark and Charlie Abrams saw a picture of the Statue of Liberty（自由女神像）up to her waist in water. It was meant to show what the statue would look like if all the ice in the world melted（融化）. In 2019, they started a group called Affected Generation to encourage young people to become climate activists. The two also want schools to teach about climate change.
1. Why did Jaysa ask the coal power plant to be closed?| A．Because it caused her some health problems. |
| B．Because she hoped to speak to the government. |
| C．Because its noise affected the neighborhood. |
| D．Because she wanted to set an example to other kids. |
| A．By warming their eggs. | B．By feeding milk to them. |
| C．By planting plants they need. | D．By turning eggs into butterflies. |
| A．Aiden Wang. | B．Addy Barrett. |
| C．Jaysa Hunter-Mellers. | D．Jeremy Clark and Charlie Abrams. |
1. What would the man like to know about the future?
| A．How the environment will be. |
| B．How fast the technology will develop. |
| C．How rich he will be. |
| A．A scientist. | B．A teacher. | C．A doctor. |
