2 . Pollution’s disastrous effects on the environment have become more obvious in recent years, leading to a movement to promote energy efficiency, less reliance on fossil fuels and a reduction in air and water pollution. Most scientists agree that such changes are necessary to protect our environment from further harm.

The construction industry consumes a large quantity of energy and resources and creates a huge amount of pollution. In the United States, building and development account for 39 percent of the country’s total energy use, 12 percent of total water consumption, 68 percent of total electricity consumption and 38 percent of carbon dioxide emissions, according to the Environment Protection Agency.

Green buildings use less energy, water, create less waste and are healthier to live, work and go to school in than standard buildings. Builders of green buildings use techniques that use resources more efficiently during the entire building cycle — construction, restoration, operation, maintenance (维护) and demolition (拆毁) — than those who construct more regular buildings.

The environmental benefits of building green include the protection of ecosystems and biodiversity, improved air and water quality, less waste flowing into streams and the conservation of natural resources. Green buildings can also result in lower operating costs because they typically use less energy and fewer materials and improve indoor air quality, improving the health of people who live there.

The process of building green includes technical and artistic planning with nature conservation in mind. Building designs often reflect the surrounding environment and natural resources and use renewable building materials such as bamboo and straw. In addition, recycled resources found locally are used for green buildings, reducing the cost and air pollution associated with transporting materials long distances.

Careful site selection is important to minimize (最小化) human impact on the surrounding environment. For example, placing a structure in an area that allows it to take advantage of cool breezes (微风) and sunlight can reduce energy use and expenses. More energy and expense are needed for larger buildings as well, so it is important to build small.

Green roofs are another feature of green houses that reduce energy use and cost. These roofs are partially or completely covered with plants, which helps to keep heating and cooling costs low, prevent water running off and deal with pollutants.

Other features of green buildings often include energy and water conservation, recycling and waste reduction. In addition, renewable energy sources such as solar power, hydropower (水能) and wind power are used for heat and electricity, which greatly reduces costs and decreases the impact on the environment.

1. What is the text mainly about?

A．The necessity of promoting energy efficiency.

B．The process of building green buildings.

C．Green buildings’ effects on the environment

D．The benefits and features of green buildings.

2. According to the text, green buildings refer to the buildings that       .

A．use energy and resources more efficiently	B．only use clean energy
C．are made of recycled materials	D．produce no waste

3. Which of the following statements is TRUE about green buildings?

A．They rely on fossil fuels and solar power for heat and electricity.

B．Small buildings are less efficient in energy use than larger ones.

C．The ecosystem has to be considered when building a green building.

D．They are difficult to maintain and thus need more operating costs.

4. Green roofs are used because        .

A．they fit the surrounding environment well

B．they can help to control the temperature in the building well

C．they can keep natural water for use in everyday life

D．they are cheaper than other kinds of roofs

3 . 随着人们环保意识的提高，越来越多的人选择低碳生活（low-carbon lifestyle）。假设你是校英语协会主席李华，请写一篇英语倡议书，从出行、购物、用水、用电四个方面倡议同学们选择低碳生活。   
注意：
1．词数；l20左右；     
2．开头和结尾已经给出，但不计入总词数：
3．参考词汇：排放emission

Dear fellow students,

______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Dear fellow students, let's take action right now!

4 . A company in San Francisco, California, has found a way to turn used plastic bottles into women's shoes.

Every day, millions of Americans drink water and other liquids from plastic bottles. More than 60 million of them are thrown away each day. Many of the plastic bottles end up in landfills or are burned with other waste products.

A San Francisco start-up company called Rothy's, however, turns this plastic waste into environmentally friendly shoes. Roth Martin is the company's co-founder. He explains how they turn plastic into soft material for women's feet. They take the plastic, clean it, and break it down into small pieces. Then they press them through a device that makes soft fibers. Those fibers are then combined together. This is done by a 3D machine. It is designed to reduce waste while making the shoes. The knitted stuff and the inner part of the shoe are then attached to the shoe's outer part, called the sole. This outer sole is also made from environmentally friendly material: responsibly sourced no-carbon rubber.

Rothy's shoes are sold online. They are flat shoes, with either a rounded or pointed toe. They come in different colors and designs. They cost either $ 125 or $ 145 per pair, depending on the design. After American actress Gwyneth Paltrow discovered them last year, the demand for the shoes grew. Martin says there is no shortage of material to fill that demand. “We're not going to run out of water bottles any time soon. So we have a limitless supply of material, and I think that is a good sign for our future.” When the environmentally friendly shoes wear out, customers can return them at no cost to a company that uses the recycled material to make other products.

For now, the shoes are only available to be shipped in the United States. However, the company says it will add international shipping in the near future.

1. How are used plastic bottles usually dealt with?

A．They are used to make shoes.	B．They are buried or burned.
C．They are changed into soft materials.	D．They are returned to factories for reuse.

2. What does the underlined word “knitted” in the third paragraph mean?

A．Combined.	B．Fixed.
C．Spotted.	D．Repaired.

3. Which of the following directly helped to increase the sales of Rothy's shoes?

A．The design and color.	B．The reasonable price.
C．The company's advertisement.	D．The star power of Gwyneth Paltrow.

4. What is the purpose of the text?

A．To advertise a new kind of shoes.

B．To introduce a new way of recycling plastic waste.

C．To describe the process of making shoes.

D．To stress the importance of environmental protection.

5 . 假如你是李华，你的朋友 Peter上次来访后惊叹你们家乡的巨大变化，回去后写信询问你们是如何在实践中将“绿水青山就是金山银山”化为生动的现实的。
要点：1.简要介绍之前存在的问题；2.具体整改措施及带来的好处。
注意：1.词数100左右；
2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Peter,
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Yours sincerely,

Li Hua

6 . 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Chinese net users have found a new way to battle desertification by playing virtual planting games Ant Forest. which is under Ant Financial of the Alibaba Group, told the Global Times that they had planted over 50 million trees     1     （cover）about 507 square kilometers across China from 2016 to 2019.

Ant Forest is the first such game in China. In the Ant Forest plan, any activity     2     （consider） low carbon , including walking , taking public transport and online payments, will be converted into virtual “green energy ” The energy will be used to grow a virtual tree in the “ forest ” of the     3     （user）. They exchange     4     for a real tree by paying the corresponding energy. Ant Forest will plant the real trees in spring and autumn each year     5     the help of local authorities in the desert areas. This way of planting trees     6     （recognize） on October 23,2018 by the National Afforestation Committee as     7     means for citizens to fulfill their obligation of planting trees.

The Chinese government attaches great     8     （important）to the protection of ecosystems. China aims     9     （increase）the forest cover to 23 percent by 2020, and to 26 percent by 2035. A new study using data from NASA satellite shows that the Earth becomes     10     （green）as a result of ambitious tree-planting programs in China.

7 . The Lifecycle of a T-shirt

We all probably have a lot of T-shirts, but do you ever stop and think about the influence of a T-shirt on the planet? You’d probably be surprised to learn what's involved in the lifecycle of just one T-shirt.

There are 5 major stages: material, production, shipping, use and disposal.The material stage involves farming, irrigating, fertilizing, harvesting and ginning. While cotton is a natural fiber and not as harmful to the environment as manmade fibers, it still takes a toll in the material and production stages. Commercial cotton farming uses a large amount of water, and the use of pesticides (杀虫剂）is widespread across the globe, especially in cotton farming. Studies have shown that farmers spend around $4.1 billion on pesticides annually, of which 25% was spent on cotton crops in the US.

Once the cotton is grown and harvested, so begins the production stage: spinning, knitting, bleaching, dyeing, cutting, sewing, etc.——these processes also use a great deal of water and energy. Commercial dyes and bleaches are harmful pollutants and can eventually pollute groundwater.

After the T-shirt is produced, it enters the transportation stage. This often involves overseas shipping. Take a look in your closet. Chances are that most of your cotton garments (衣服）are made in China or India. Garments can be shipped via plane, ship or truck…，all of which spill CO₂ into the atmosphere. Calculations show that C0₂ emissions from light trucks alone amount to 1.15 pounds per mile.

Once the T-shirt reaches the retail market, it is purchased. This stage may seem like the leastenvironmentally damaging part. But consider the number of times you’ve washed and dried your favorite T-shirt. Washing machines are certainly becoming more efficient. However, the average American household does 400 loads of laundry per year, using about 40 gallons of water per load. Such excessive water use is combined with the large amount of energy used by dryers.

The final stage of life is disposal. This releases harmful emissions, or involves a landfill where cotton takes years to break down. Current US records show that an estimated 15% of clothes and shoes are recycled, which means that consumers send a shocking 85% of these materials to landfills.

We all need new clothes every once in a while, but let’s all try to keep in mind what goes into the production of clothing... It has a real impact on the planet.

There are a lot of things you can do to help reduce your impact. Reuse and recycle clothes. If they’re too worn out to wear, cut them up and use them as cleaning rags. Donate them to charity or another organization that recycles textiles. When possible, make an effort to buy organic cotton. Turn down the thermostat on your washer, and line dry your clothes when the weather will allow it.

1. What can be inferred from this passage?

A．The production process may affect water safety.

B．The clothing cost is relatively low in China and India.

C．Cotton clothes are buried because they are hard to break down.

D．The use stage is the least environmentally harmful of the five stages.

2. We can learn from the passage that in the US .

A．pesticides in cotton farming cost over 4 billion dollars every year

B．C02 emissions of land transport amount to 1.15 pounds per mile

C．about 15% of the clothes and shoes are made of materials that are recycled

D．about 16, 000 gallons of water is used annually by an average family on laundry

3. The underlined phrase “takes a toll” probably means “”.

A．wastes water	B．has a bad effect
C．uses energy	D．takes a lot of time

4. What is the purpose of this article?

A．To encourage people to donate clothes to charity.

B．To introduce the five stages in the lifecycle of clothing.

C．To persuade people to purchase more organic cotton.

D．To promote eco-friendly actions related to clothes.

8 . EcoTreasures, a young tour company based in Sydney, have involved a new plan in their Manly Coastal Walks to remove marine debris from Penguin habitats.

The tour company specializes in Ecotourism experiences on Sydney’s Northern Beaches and within Ku-ring-gai Chase National Park, New South Wales. Ecotreasures have been lucky to host a range of international study tour students visiting Sydney this winter, who have been participating in the plan. The students arrive in Australia for short stays of generally 7—14 days, which consist of English lessons and Australia tour experiences. EcoTreasures owner, Damien McClellan, has been happy to host the students on his tours and to involve a new element in the half-day adventure, with a purpose to clean up marine debris that accumulates in the natural environment known to be the habitat for little penguins.

McClellan has been very proud to run these tours, which highlight a range of environmental awareness messages, and mentions, “when we visit the little penguin habitat at Collins Beach in Sydney Harbour National Park we conduct a beach clean-up. The students always put in 110% and we remove as much as marine debris from the catchment(积水处) as possible. We are all giving back to the location we are appreciating because of its natural beauty, and I’m proud of all these international guests caring for Australia’s environment.”

The tours offer a great display of Sydney’s natural setting right on the city’s door step. Mr. McClellan also adds, “The students and teachers really enjoy their experience on the walk around Manly. We visit the beach, Sydney Harbour National Park, Cabbage tree Aquatic reserve and Manly suburbs all in a half day adventure. We always keep the walk fun and interesting by identifying native plants & searching for Whales from land with binoculars and other wildlife along the way.”

EcoTreasures was founded in 2010 by Damien McClellan, and the business is looking forward to working with more partners in the future, developing new ecotourism plans for a range of target markets, and keeping it fun is part of the plan. EcoTreasures is Advanced Ecotourism and ROC certified.

1. What does EcoTreasures mainly specialize in?

A．protecting Little Penguins.

B．teaching students about environmental protection.

C．cleaning up penguin habitats.

D．holding ecotours in certain areas.

2. The underlined word “debris” in Paragraph 1 has a similar meaning to _________

A．water

B．animal

C．trash

D．rock.

3. What does Mr. McClellan want to express in the third paragraph?

A．His appreciation for natural beauty.

B．His purpose to run the tours.

C．His pride to run the tours.

D．The importance of raising environmental awareness.

4. We can infer from the fourth paragraph that ____________.

A．the tours are pleasant and valuable.

B．the tours make the students tired.

C．the tours are held far from Sydney.

D．the tours are held mainly for students

9 . 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Growing numbers of travelers are deciding not     1    (fly) in order to help save the planet even if it means     2    (spend) days on a train. The no-fly movement is small but many    3    have joined it think it will eventually receive       4     same attention as the no-plastic or less-meat movements because of flying’s 2%     5    (contribute) to carbon emissions, which they say could rise to 16% by 2050. Some supporters suggest that people should fly no more than once per year and any further flights should be taxed. Critics of the movement, however, argue that most flying is done by small numbers of people when     6    (compare)to other forms of transport and so flying is an easy target. Much more environmental damage is done by cars they argue. But people won’t target     7     (driver) because the majority of people drive. In addition, the no-fly movement     8     (lead) by people who don’t really need to travel very far and have plenty     9     free time to spare. Most people who fly, they say,     10    (rare) have time to spend extra days getting to destinations and employers are unlikely to give employees extra time off so they can be kind to the environment.