2 . How to Protect Wildlife

Wildlife faces threats from habitat destruction, pollution, and other human actions. Although protecting wildlife may seem too hard at times, even small actions can help protect many different animals.     1    

● Create wildlife friendly areas. When trying to make your garden more beautiful, choose plants that can provide food and shelter to native wildlife. This will also help cut down on pollution.     2    

●     3     By using less water and fewer fuels, you will be helping to protect the wildlife around you. Take buses or the subway when you can and turn off electric devices when you’re not using them.

● Buy products that are wildlife-friendly.     4     Keep in mind that some endangered animals are killed by traps, catches or hunters who are after other wildlife within the same habitat.

● Limit family size. Population growth is one of the major factors in habitat destruction. With the rapidly growing population, more and more habitats for wildlife are occupied by humans.     5     In this way, the Earth’s population will stabilize and native habitats can be protected.

A．Live a greener life.

B．Donate money to organizations.

C．Each family should be limited to one or two children.

D．Avoid products that are made from endangered animals.

E．Protecting wildlife from being endangered is every family’s duty.

F．Here are some tips on how to protect wildlife through small actions.

G．Build bird houses to your garden or yard to attract and shelter these species.

3 . New Lives for Old Phones

When a new mobile phone starts to be sold in stores, many people rush out to buy one. We all want the newest, latest thing.     1    .

Mike Townsend works at Total Recall, a mobile phone recycling company. “Don’t throw your old phone away.     2     if you throw it away, it goes with other rubbish to become landfill. In other words, it is put in a big hole in the ground and it becomes a big problem,” he says.

Mobile phones contain some poisonous materials. If your phone goes to a landfill, these poisonous materials can get out and get into the water under the ground. That’s the water we need to drink or water goes into rivers or the ocean.     3     That’s a lot of landfill and a lot of poisonous materials.

“At Total Recall, we separate the old phones into pieces. Most of the materials in the mobile phones can be recycled and used again.     4     For example, phone batteries contain nickel and cadmium. The nickel is used to make steel and the cadmium can be used to make new batteries.” explains Mike.

“    5     You can usually just take it into a mobile phone shop and they wilt send it to us,” says Mike.

So before you throw that old mobile phone away, use it the last time: search for a recycler near you and give them a call.

A．Recycling your old phone is easy.

B．Send it to us and we’ll recycle it.

C．How much is your old mobile phone worth?

D．But what should we do with our old mobile phones?

E．Millions of mobile phones are thrown away every year.

F．Recycling materials helps keep the environment greener and cleaner.

G．We take apart the old phones and they are used to make new products.

4 . I fell in love with Yosemite National Park the first time I saw it, when I was 13. My parents took us there for camping. On the way out, I asked them to wait while I ran up to E1 Capitan,a ________ rock of 3,300 feet straight up. I touched that giant rock and knew________ I wanted to climb it. That has been my life’s passion ever since -________ the rocks and mountains of Yosemite. I’ve long made Yosemite my________

About 15 years ago I started seeing a lot of________ like toilet paper, beer cans, and empty boxes,around the area. It’s________ me why visitors started respecting the place________ and treated such a beautiful home-like place this way.

I tried________ trash myself, but the job was too big. I would________ an hour or two on the job, only to find the area trashed all over again weeks later. Finally, I got so________ it that I decided something had to change.

As a rock-climbing guide, I knew________ about organizing any big event. But in 2004, together with some climbers, I set a date for a________. On that day, more than 300 people________. Over three days we collected about 6,000 pounds of trash. It was amazing how much we were able to________ I couldn’t believe the________ we made — the park looked clean!

Each year volunteers come for the cleanup from everywhere. In 2007 alone, 2,945 people picked up 42,330 pounds of trash and ________ 132 miles of roadway.

I often hear people________ about their surroundings. If you are one of them, I would say the only way to change things is by________ rather than complaining. We need to teach by________. You can’t blame others ________ you start with yourself.

1.

A．distant

B．huge

C．narrow

D．loose

2.

A．recently

B．finally

C．gradually

D．immediately

3.

A．climbing

B．painting

C．describing

D．imagining

4.

A．garden

B．lab

C．home

D．palace

5.

A．material

B．waste

C．resources

D．goods

6.

A．over.

B．against

C．beyond

D．within

7.

A．less

B．most

C．more

D．least

8.

A．throwing away

B．picking up

C．breaking down

D．digging out

9.

A．kill

B．save

C．spend

D．wait

10.

A．satisfied with

B．delighted in

C．used to

D．tired of

11.

A．something

B．anything

C．everything

D．nothing

12.

A．cleanup

B．party

C．picnic

D．concert

13.

A．dropped out

B．looked around

C．showed up

D．called back

14.

A．demand

B．accomplish

C．receive

D．overcome

15.

A．plan

B．visit

C．contact

D．difference

16.

A．crossed

B．covered

C．measured

D．designed

17.

A．talk

B．argue

C．complain

D．quarrel

18.

A．watching

B．thinking

C．questioning

D．doing

19.

A．example

B．explanation

C．method

D．research

20.

A．unless

B．if

C．although

D．when

5 . Will you stop using plastic?

If you take a look around your kitchen or office right now, chances are that you’ll notice you’re surrounded by plastic—water bottles, to-go coffee cups, straws (吸管), plastic grocery bags, food wrappers, take-out containers, single-serve coffee pods and produce bags.     1    

It’s certainly not realistic to remove all plastic from your life, but let’s examine some statistics that may encourage you to reduce your single-use plastic footprint by throwing away straws, switching to reusable water bottles, bringing cloth bags to the grocery store and more.

According to a study published in the journal Science Advances, the popularity of plastic, which began rising in the 1950s, is growing out of control.     2     And there’s no sign of slowing down, considering scientists say that another 12 trillion kilograms will be produced worldwide by 2050.

“Every piece of plastic that has ever been created will remain in the environment in some form, but once we conveniently throw out our rubbish at home, wind and runoff carry our waste from landfills and streets to the ocean,” says Mystic Aquarium’s chief clinical veterinarian Jennifer Flower, DVM, MS. “Given that we are globally producing over 320 million tons of plastic annually, the marine environment is taking a big hit from our daily disposal of plastic.

    3     For example, newborn fish are mistaking tiny bits of plastic waste for food. If they die, there will be fewer big fish—and that could damage the food chain. Often our society is so focused on making our lives more convenient in the short term, but in the long run, our health and the health of marine life are at the expense of those everyday conveniences.”

    4     A recent report suggests that when heated, certain food additives (添加剂) can damage hormones, growth and development, as well as increase chances for children of being fat.     5     It is found in plastic containers and metal cans. Parents are urged to avoid using microwaves to warm food and drinks or placing plastics in the dishwasher.

A．Our plastic consumption is directly affecting the life in the ocean.

B．People are concerned about the results of overusing plastic containers.

C．8.2 trillion kilograms of plastic have been produced around the world.

D．Using plastic containers in microwaves is also harmful to children’s health.

E．Let’s stop using plastic for the benefit of the environment and human beings.

F．These are all examples of single-use plastic products, which is a hot topic nowadays.

G．The most concerning artificial additive BPA is a chemical used in the production of plastics.

6 . Why Is Sorting Important When Recycling?

We all agree that we should recycle more at home, in the office or when out and about.     1    Consequently, they can be collected and taken to the right place for recycling. This is what the process of sorting allows us to do.

    2    And the effective sorting needs to happen first, in our own home and second, in sorting plants to which waste is collected. When you put a plastic bottle in the right recycling bag or bin,   you are helping sort recyclables so that the right material can be fed into the right recycling process. If sorting does not happen，a lot of recyclable materials can end up in landfills. It will lead to valuable resources lost from our economy.

    3    For instance, in Brussels consumers put plastic packaging, cans and beverage cartons in blue bags designed for recyclable packaging; paper in yellow bags for recycling; and glass needs to be taken to specific collection bins. Somewhat differently, in Vienna (Austria), citizens can expect their paper, metal, glass and plastic to be separately collected in different weeks of the year.    4    ．

Once recyclable materials are collected from your home, they are further sorted in specialized facilities which ensure the quality of the recycling process.     5    Traditionally, sorting has been done either manually with workers sorting what can be recycled and picking out the materials to be discarded or mechanically. Today, however, new sorting technologies are being developed in order to speed up the process of sorting but to also cause better results. Exciting technologies using magnets or optical systems are being used to effectively sort materials so more of it can be recycled.

A．For effective recycling we need effective sorting.

B．Packaging at work is the first step towards recycling.

C．This is where different sorting techniques come into play.

D．So citizens need to be aware of their local collection system.

E．Collection systems can be very different from country to country.

F．The rest was landfilled or burned even though they could have been recycled or reused.

G．But for materials to be recycled, they first need to find their way to the right waste stream.

7 . 假定你是李华。为配合我县正在实施的垃圾分类工作，请你代表学生会写一篇呼吁“Garbage sorting”的倡议书。内容包括：
(1) 垃圾问题的现状；
(2) 垃圾分类的好处(至少2点)；
(3) 呼吁全体同学积极参加垃圾分类。
注意：词数：100 左右；
参考词汇：垃圾分类 rubbish classification 可回收物 recyclable waste
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

8 . The endangered pandas in the Qinling Mountains might face a new threat: the loss of their food — bamboo, which makes up 99% of their meals.

Adult pandas spend most of the day eating bamboo and have to take in at least 40 pounds a day to stay healthy. However, a new study published in Nature Climate Change warned that they may soon find their food gone because most of the bamboo in the Qinling Mountains might disappear by the end of the century as a result of the rising temperature worldwide.

A team made up of researchers from Michigan State University and the Chinese Academy of Sciences has studied the effects of climate change on the bamboo in the Qinling Mountains. They have found that bamboo is very sensitive to climate change. “80% to 100% of the bamboo would be gone if the average temperature increases 3.5 degrees worldwide by the end of the century,” said Liu Jianguo, one of the report's authors.

He added, “This is how much the temperature would rise by 2100 even if all countries will keep their promises in The Paris Agreement. But you know what is happening around the world.”

In recent years, China has been trying its best to protect the endangered pandas by setting up more and bigger nature reserves.

“But it is far from being enough and the endangered pandas need cooperation from the rest of the world, because their future is not just in the hands of the Chinese,”said Shirley Martin from the WWF but not a member of the team.

There are 345 wild pandas in the Qinling Mountains. That is about 18.5% of the population of China's wild pandas. In addition, about 375 pandas are living in research centers and zoos in China.

1. What can we learn from the first paragraph?

A．The Qinling Mountains can provide enough bamboo for the pandas.

B．Pandas in the Qinling Mountains are only threatened by the loss of food.

C．Lots of the bamboo in the Qinling Mountains will probably disappear.

D．Pandas have already eaten 99% of the bamboo in the Qinling Mountains.

2. What does Liu Jianguo mean?

A．China needs more help from the WWF.

B．It is difficult to control the temperature rise within 3.5 degrees.

C．Bamboo is sensitive to changes in temperature.

D．China is making great efforts to protect the pandas.

3. How many wild pandas are there in China?

A．About 345.

B．About 408.

C．About 2,272.

D．About 1,864.

4. Which can be the best title for the text?

A．The Disappearance of Bamboo

B．Necessity to Change Pandas' Food

C．A New Threat Faced by the Pandas

D．Efforts Made to Save Pandas

9 . A tree planting initiative in Kenya has seen over 30,000 trees being planted. The Green Generation Initiative is a Kenyan charity that has been planting trees to counter climate change and the reduction in forest in the East African nation since 2016.

Founded by climate activist Elizabeth Wathuti, the initiative's primary focus is on developing young climate activists through environmental education in schools and addressing food insecurity in the region through planting fruit trees. Since its foundation, over 30,000 trees have been planted in Kenya, while thousands of school children have not just planted trees but adopted them to ensure that young people learn the importance of acting as a guardian of the health of the environment. The trees have recorded a survival rate of over 98 percent, as they continue growing from young trees to maturity.

Speaking to world leaders at the recent UN Climate Change Conference in Glasgow (COP26)，Elizabeth issued a serious warning about the threat of climate change: “Over two million of Kenyans are facing climate­related starvation. In 2025, half of the world's population will be facing water shortage. By the time I'm 50, the climate crisis will displace over 80 million people in sub­Saharan Africa alone.”

Elizabeth said, “I have been doing what I can.Inspired by the great Wangari Maathai, I founded a tree growing initiative that enhances food security for young Kenyans. So far, we have grown 30，000 fruit trees, providing desperately needed nutrition for thousands of children.” “Every day we see that when we look after the trees, they look after us. We are the adults on this Earth right now, and it is our responsibility to ensure that the children have food and water, ”she added.

1. What is the initiative intended for?

A．Making policies.

B．Raising money.

C．Educating adults.

D．Fighting climate change.

2. What crisis are Kenyans encountering at present?

A．Hunger.	B．Sickness.
C．Water shortage.	D．Economic risks.

3. What has been achieved since 2016 in Kenya?

A．Over 3,000 trees have been planted.

B．Green awareness has been raised.

C．Over 80 million people have been saved.

D．School education has been guaranteed.

4. Which of the following can best describe Elizabeth Wathuti?

A．Friendly and talented.

B．Caring and responsible.

C．Honest and determined.

D．Ambitious and humorous.

10 . Cigarette ends are everywhere--littering our streets and beaches--and for decades they've been thought of as “unrecyclable”. But a New Jersey-based company, called Terracycle, has taken on the challenge, and has come up with a way to recycle millions of cigarette ends and turn them into industrial plastic products. Its aim is to recycle things that people normally consider impossible to reuse.

Obviously it would be even better for the environment if everyone just stopped smoking but the statistics show that although there has been an increase in anti-smoking ads and posters, between 2000 and 2014.global sales of cigarettes increased by 8 percent, and a whole lot of those cigarette ends ended up as trash: Since most of our litter eventually ends up in waterways, cigarette ends can surely pollute the surrounding environment. “It only takes a single cigarette end to pollute a liter of water,” Temacycle’s founder, Tom Swak, said. “Animals can also mistake cigarette ends littered for food.”

So how do you go about turning all those poisonous ends into something useful? Terracycle does this by first breaking them down into separate parts. They mix the remaining materials, such as the tobacco and the paper, with other kinds of rubbish, and use it on non-agricultural land, such as golf courses. The filters (过滤嘴) are a little harder. To recycle these. Terracycle first makes them clean and cuts them into small pieces, and then combines them with other recycled materials, making them into liquid for industrial plastic products.

They’re now also expanding their recycling offerings to the rest of the 80 percent of household waste that currently can’t be recycled, such as chocolate packaging, pens, and mobile phones. The goal is to use the latest research to find a way to stop so much waste ending up in landfills, and then get companies to provide money for the process. And now, it works well.

“We haven't found anything that we can’t recycle,” communications director of Terracycle, Albe Zakes, said. “But with the amount and varieties of packaging and litter in the world, we are always looking for new waste streams to address.”

1. What does Terracycle intend to do?

A．Search for recyclable materials for use.

B．Deal with as many cigarette ends as possible.

C．Produce new kinds of industrial plastic products.

D．Recycle what used to be considered unrecyclable.

2. What does the underlined word “trash” in Paragraph 2 probably mean?

A．Rubbish.

B．Poison.

C．Disaster.

D．Ruin.

3. What does Paragraph 3 mainly talk about?

A．The effective use of cigarette ends.

B．The process of recycling cigarette ends.

C．The difficulty in recycling cigarette ends.

D．The reason for breaking down cigarette ends.

4. What do Albe’s words in the last paragraph imply?

A．There is more and more waste to be recycled.

B．It is difficult for Terracycle to recycle everything.

C．Terracycle is trying to meet the challenge of new waste.

D．Terracycle has successfully recycled a large amount of waste.