3 . 语法填空

Many of us were raised with the saying “Waste not, want not.” None of us, however, can    1     (complete) avoid waste in our lives.

Any kind of waste is thoughtless. Whether we waste our potential talents, our own time, our limited     2     (nature) resources, our money,     3     other people’s time, each of us should become more aware and careful. A small good habit can make a big    4     (differ). It’s a good feeling to know in our heart we are doing our best in a world     5     is in trouble. By being devoted to     6     (save) oil, water, paper, food, and clothing, we are playing     7     part in cutting down on waste.

We must keep reminding ourselves that it is easier     8     (get) into something than to get out of it. Actually, severe damage    9     (do) to our land is fairly recent in the history of our evolution. It’s time for us to say no to waste so that our future generations    10     (be) able to develop well. We can’t solve all the waste problems, but we can encourage mindfulness.

4 . [课文原文]

CLIMATE CHANGE REQUIRES THE WORLD'S ATTENTION

We have known about climate change for decades. There is little doubt that Earth is getting warmer and warmer (see the graph). A warming ocean and atmosphere along with melting ice and rising sea levels provide evidence of a dramatic change in the global climate.

In 2013, a lot of people were shocked by a news photo of a dead polar bear that was found on Norway's Arctic island of Svalbard. According to the scientists who found its dead body, all that remained of the polar bear was “skin and bones”. An expert who has studied polar bears for many years said that from the position of its dead body, the bear appeared to have starved and died. Experts claimed that low sea­ice levels caused by climate change meant the bear could not hunt seals as before, so it had to travel greater distances in order to find food. This alarming case showed how the increase in temperature had an impact on Earth's ecology.

Then what is causing the increase in the global average surface temperature? Climate scientists often mention a key climate process called the “greenhouse effect”, which has two common meanings: the “natural” greenhouse effect   and the “man­made” greenhouse effect. The “natural” greenhouse effect refers to the fact that heat from the sun enters the atmosphere and warms Earth's surface as short­wave radiation. The heat is released back into space at longer wave lengths. Greenhouse gases in the atmosphere, such as methane and carbon dioxide, trap some of the heat, keeping Earth's climate warm and habitable. Without this process, Earth could not sustain life. However, the “man­made” greenhouse effect has now become a big problem. When people produce huge amounts of extra greenhouse gases by burning fossil fuels, more heat energy is trapped in the atmosphere and causes Earth's surface temperature to rise quickly.

There is strong and comprehensive evidence that the rise in temperature has led to an increase in extreme weather and natural disasters worldwide, not only causing serious damage, but also costing human lives. Climate scientists have warned that if we do not take appropriate actions, this warming trend will probably continue and there will be a higher price to pay. In fact, news reports are frequently broadcast about extreme rainstorms and heatwaves causing deaths and economic losses.

Continued greenhouse gas emissions will result in further warming and long­lasting changes to the global climate. This requires the attention of people all over the world. Governments need to consider making policies and taking appropriate actions and measures to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. We as individuals can also reduce our “carbon footprint” by restricting the amount of carbon dioxide our lifestyles produce. It is our responsibility to seize every opportunity to educate everyone about global warming, along with its causes and impacts, because this is the most serious issue affecting all of us on this planet. So what will you do to help?

1. What's the main idea of the text?

A．Some polar bears died of starvation.

B．What the greenhouse effect is.

C．Global warming has caused some disasters and we must pay attention to it.

D．How polar bears find food.

2. Match the main idea with each part.

A. The effects of the rise in temperature. B. The causes of global warming. C. The solutions to reducing greenhouse gas emissions. D. The evidence of dramatic climate change.

①Part 1(Paras.1－2) ________　②Part 2(Para.3) ________　
③Part 3(Para.4) ________　       ④Part 4(Para.5) ________
3. What has caused the climate change of the Earth?

A．The greenhouse effect.	B．The natural greenhouse effect.
C．The man­made greenhouse effect.	D．The melting ice and rising sea levels.

4. A news photo of a dead polar bear mentioned in the text is to show ________．

A．Bears can not hunt seals as before so they will die

B．Bears had to travel greater distances in order to find food

C．The impact caused by the increase in temperature on Earth's ecology

D．The impact caused by the increase in temperature on bears

5. According to the text, what can we do to stop the increase of the temperature on the Earth?

A．We must get rid of the “greenhouse effect”．	B．We individuals can not change the situation.
C．Only governments need to take measures.	D．All people should take appropriate actions.

6. Complete the form according to the text.

Climate change requires the world’s attention	The problem: Earth is getting________
	A case: A polar bear starved to ________because of hunting no seals.
	The reason: The“ ________”
	The evidence: More extreme weather and natural ________worldwide
	The conclusion: The global climate change requires the ________of people all over the world

7. Analyse and translate the sentences.
①．An expert who has studied polar bears for many years said that from the position of its dead body，the bear appeared to have starved and died.
[句式分析]　该句为复合句。who引导________从句，在从句中作________，指人；that引导________从句。
[翻译]_________
②．Climate scientists often mention a key climate process called the “greenhouse effect”，which has two common meanings: the “natural” greenhouse effect and the “man­made” greenhouse effect.
[句式分析]　该句为复合句。called the “greenhouse effect”为过去分词短语作________；which引导________从句，在从句中作________。
[翻译] ________
③．There is strong and comprehensive evidence that the rise in temperature has led to an increase in extreme weather and natural disasters worldwide，not only causing serious damage，but also costing human lives.
[句式分析]　该句为复合句。that引导的是________从句，解释说明evidence的具体内容；not only...but also...意思是“不但……而且……”，连接两个并列成分，为________状语。
[翻译]_________

6 . 【课本原文】

REDUCING WATER POLLUTION IN THE LI RIVER

The beautiful Li River and its amazing surrounding scenery is one of the most well­known tourist destinations in China’s Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region. It attracts millions of domestic and foreign visitors each year. However, its reputation as a top destination has had negative effects on the river’s water quality. This report looks at the problem of water pollution and some actions that have been taken to deal with it．

Previously, water quality in the Li River had suffered greatly from an increasing volume of tourists, many of whom frequently threw garbage into the river. Many tour boats contributed to the problem too.

Kitchens on board were using lots of oil, which was often thrown into the water. The growth in tourism also meant the local population rose rapidly,as well as the number of commercial and industrial enterprises. Water pollution levels increased, with more household and commercial waste ending up in the river. In order to feed more people,more chemicals were used to increase crop production. These chemicals led to severe water quality issues,causing a decrease in the number of fish species. Local officials were concerned that the pollution was damaging the natural environment and felt that urgent steps should be taken to restore the river's original beauty.

A comprehensive initiative was started, with a number of measures that addressed the issues. The construction of waste water treatment facilities improved the water quality and water conservation.The collection and transport of household waste was also improved.Dozens of polluting enterprises were closed or moved. The local government set up strict regulations regarding further industrial development. New rules were also introduced regarding tour boat routes and garbage disposal methods. Furthermore, the local authorities began to use the media to spread environmental awareness and encourage greater use of clean energy. At the same time, they started to carry out inspections regularly and fine tourist organisations for abuse. With these measures,it is believed that the beauty of the Li River will be preserved for generations to come．

In addition,the ambitious “Water Ten Plan” is also now tackling water pollution across the country. Other initiatives,such as the “River Chief System”, hold senior officials responsible for reducing water pollution. With such campaigns in effect, China’s waterways are heading towards a clean and sustainable future.
1. What’s the passage mainly about?

A．The beauty of the Li River.

B．What some tourists did led to the water pollution.

C．Some measures to reduce water pollution in the Li River.

D．The ways to increase crop production.

2. What is the main idea of the second paragraph?

A．Some tourists didn’t care about the Li River.

B．What have caused water pollution in the Li River?

C．Some tourists threw garbage into the Li River.

D．The local population rose rapidly.

3. Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the passage?

A．The chemicals have caused a decrease in the number of fish species.

B．The reputation of the Li River has a negative effect on the river’s water quality.

C．The media has a good effect on encouraging greater use of clean energy.

D．The local government did nothing to protect the water quality in Li River.

4. We can learn from the last two paragraphs that ________ ．

A．people can do nothing to reduce water pollution in Li River

B．tourists are not allowed to visit the Li River

C．the local authorities never inspect the Li River

D．some measures have been taken to reduce water pollution in the Li River

7 . 假设你是李华，从媒体上了解到有很多野生动植物正在逐渐减少。请你根据以下要点提示就此问题写一篇报告。
要点：1.野生动植物的现状；
2．分析濒临灭绝的原因；
3．提出几条具体的保护措施。
注意：1.词数80左右；
2．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

8 . 语法填空

My aim in life is     1    (protect) the environment for future generations. My wish is     2     (become) an environmental consultant after graduation. Many people think that pollution cannot     3    　(stop) if we want the country     4     (develop). But that is not true. What I suggest is     5    　(cut) back on dangerous and dirty waste from factories. Many times, factories which produce a large quantity of goods are     6     (blame) for much pollution in the environment. Besides, what people should pay attention to is     7     (purchase) products which can be recycled.

There is no doubt that we have a problem with population as well. The number of people in the world     8     (keep) growing, and we     9     (produce) more rubbish and using up more raw materials. What if they run out? I am confident that if we are all willing     10    　(work) together, we can overcome these challenges and keep the Earth clean and healthy.