1 . 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Rainforests are thick forests in the hot parts of the world. They have a great effect     1    the world environment. For example, they play     2    part in controlling the climate. Without     3    (they), climate would change a lot. What’s more, many plant are of     4     (important) in medical value.

However, in the past hundred years,humans     5    (begin) destroying rainforests to search for land and wood. The     6    (hard) we harvest from them, the more carbon dioxide is released into the air,    7    affects the climate, environment and ourselves as a whole. Meanwhile, we are losing the opportunity     8    (explore) the medical use of the plants. With the population growing     9    (rapid), we indeed have an increasing need for     10    (resource),but we will suffer more in the end if we keep on doing so.

2 . In the far corner of the front yard of a large house in Florida rests an RV—Recreational Vehicle (活动房屋式旅游车), shaded by trees as clothing on a nearby line sways (摇动) in the breeze. In this RV, the National Geographic explorer Thomas Culhane lives with his wife, Enas, almost entirely off the grid—a lifestyle without depending on electricity supply.

Culhane began living off the grid in the late 1990s, when he went into the basement of his apartment building in Los Angeles and pulled out the plug that delivered electricity. Even earlier though, he was first inspired by sustainable living during a trip in 1970 to visit his relatives. He was eight years old and worried that his stay in their small village was going to be miserable because his relatives told him they had no air conditioning or electricity — but they had plenty of fresh fruits from orchards (果园) and lots of cold drinks chilled by the icy stream from the ice caps of the nearby mountain. “That was amazing,” says Culhane.

He met Enas when she was living in an ecovillage in Portugal. Enas said she liked the feeling of being low impact, and being harmless to the earth. Culhane was attracted and fell in love with her. The couple got married, living on the same property that they currently have. They moved into their first home together—an RV which they immediately took completely off-grid.

Inside their RV, Culhane and Enas have hot showers, a working gas stove, a refrigerator, a washing machine and a big screen TV. They use gas created by their on-site biodigesters (生物煮解器) to cook on a gas-powered stove. They also use energy created by the biodigesters to heat their bath water. They feed the biodigesters using their own food waste—at no additional cost to the earth.

Sometimes on weekends, the RV is turned into a classroom. The couple host workshops to let the community members and students know living an off-grid life is getting easier and teach them how to respect and coexist (共存) peacefully with the environment.

1. What does the author intend to do in paragraph 2?

A．Add some background information.

B．Summarize the previous paragraph.

C．Provide some advice for the readers.

D．Introduce a new topic for discussion.

2. What attracted Culhane most when he first met Enas?

A．Her marriage property.

B．Their common life belief.

C．The beauty of her ecovillage.

D．Her experience of exploration.

3. What do the biodigesters produce?

A．Food waste.

B．The additional cost.

C．Greenhouse gases.

D．Alternative (可供替代的) energy.

4. What can be a suitable title for the text?

A．An RV Classroom

B．Living off the Grid

C．Getting Close to Nature

D．Protecting the Environment

3 . The endangered pandas in the Qinling Mountains might face a new threat: the loss of their food—bamboo, which makes up 99% of their meals.

Adult pandas spend most part of the day eating bamboo and have to take in at least 40 pounds a day to stay healthy. However, a new study published in Nature Climate Change warned that they may soon find their food gone because most of the bamboo in the Qinling Mountains might disappear by the end of the century as a result of the rising temperature worldwide.

A team made up of researchers from Michigan State University and the Chinese Academy of Sciences has studied the effects of climate change on the bamboo in the Qinling Mountains. They have found that bamboo is very sensitive to climate change. “80% to 100% of the bamboo would be gone if the average temperature increases 3.5 degrees worldwide by the end of the century,” said Liu Jianguo, one of the report’s authors.

He added, “This is how much the temperature would rise by 2100 even if all countries will keep their promises in The Paris Agreement. But you know what is happening around the world.”

In recent years, China has been trying its best to protect the endangered pandas by setting up more and bigger nature reserves.

“But it is far from being enough and the endangered pandas need cooperation from the rest of the world, because their future is not just in the hands of the Chinese,” said Shirley Martin from the World Wildlife Fund but not a member of the team.

There are about 260 pandas in the Qinling Mountains. That is about 13% of the China’s wild panda population. In addition, about 375 are living in research centers and zoos in China.

1. What can we learn from the first paragraph?

A．The Qinling Mountains can provide enough bamboo for the pandas.

B．Pandas in the Qinling Mountains are only threatened by the loss of food.

C．Lots of the bamboo in the Qinling Mountains will probably disappear.

D．Pandas have already eaten 99% of the bamboo in the Qinling Mountains.

2. What does Liu Jianguo mean?

A．China needs more help from the World Wildlife Fund.

B．It is difficult to control the temperature rise within 3.5℃.

C．Bamboo is sensitive to changes in temperature.

D．China is making great efforts to protect the pandas.

3. How many wild pandas are there in China?

A．About 260.	B．About 635.
C．About 2, 635.	D．About 2, 000.

4. Which can be the best title for the text?

A．The Disappearance of Bamboo

B．Necessity to Change Pandas’ Food

C．A New Threat Faced by the Pandas

D．Efforts Made to Save Pandas

4 . 语法填空

There comes a time when the old must give way to the new. Finding and     1     (keep) the right balance between progress and the protection of cultural sites can be     2     big challenge.

In the 1950s, the Egyptian government wanted to build a new dam across the Nile     3     (control) floods, produce electricity and supply water to more farmers, but the proposal led to     4     (protest).

After listening to the experts’ opinion, the government turned to the United Nations for help. Then a committee     5     (establish) to limit damage to the Egyptian buildings and prevent the loss of cultural relics.     6     (final), a document was signed, and the work     7     (begin) in 1960.

    8     the project ended in 1980, it was considered a great success. Not only had the countries found a path     9     the future that did not run over the relics of the past, but they had also learnt that it was possible for countries to work together to build a better tomorrow. The spirit of the Aswan Dam project is still alive today.   If a problem seems too difficult for a single nation, the     10     (globe) community can sometimes provide a solution.

5 . 根据课文内容，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Here     1     (be) some common “green truths” that have been shown to be only half true, or even     2     (complete) false.

First, paper shopping bags are better than plastic ones. In fact, both kinds of bags are bad     3     the environment. Plastic bags cause litter and are a danger to wild animals,     4     mistake them for food. It takes hundreds of years for plastic     5     (break) down.

However, making a paper bag uses four     6     (time) as much energy as making a plastic bag and up to three times the amount of water.

Second, when you turn off a device, it stops using power. Electricity continues to leak from the device, even when it     7     (turn) “off”. So we should remove the plug from its power supply.

Third, eating local food is good for the environment. In fact,     8     is the production of food that uses most of the energy. In some cases, local produce might have used     9     (much) energy than produce grown a long way away — even taking into account its transport.

Fourth, it’s better to take a shower than a bath. Actually, if you spend more than eight minutes in a shower, you’ll use as much water as in a bath—about 50 litres of water.

Environmental awareness is now part of daily life. But it’s worth     10     (check) common ideas and opinions to see what’s really green.

7 . Las Vegas city in Nevada is built in a desert. The city may be known to the outside world for its partying. But officials have found that there are 21 square kilometers of useless grass. The grass is never laid on, played on or even stepped on. The grass is only there to look nice.

Now, the city is asking the Nevada state legislature (立法机构) to ban useless grass. It is trying to become the first place in America to ban that kind of grass often seen between streets, in housing developments and in office parks.

It is estimated (估计) that useless grass makes up 40% of all the grass in Las Vegas and it needs a lot of water to survive. Grass needs four times more water than dry climate plants like cactus. By tearing out the grass, the city could reduce yearly water usage by 15%.

In 2003, the Southern Nevada Water Authority banned developers from planting grass in front of new homes. It also offered homeowners $30 for each square meter of grass they tear out. But fewer people are now using the program. Water usage has increased in southern Nevada by 9% since 2019. And last year, Las Vegas set a record of 240 days without major rainfall. The Colorado River provides much of Nevada’s drinking water. The river could lose more water as climate change affects it.

Water officials (官员) in other dry cities said water usage needs to be reduced. But they fear the reaction to reforms like the ones in Las Vegas if their communities do not accept them. Cynthia Campbell is the water resources adviser for the city of Phoenix in Arizona. “There might come a point whencity restrictions(限制) get too severe (苛刻的) for some residents (居民). They’ll say that is the point of no return for them,” Campbell said. “For some people, it’s a pool. For some people, it’s grass.”

1. Why does Las Vegas city try to ban useless grass?

A．To protect the local people.	B．To beautify the city.
C．To reduce water usage.	D．To reduce waste.

2. What program was carried out in Las Vegas in 2003?

A．Allowing planting grass before new houses.

B．Encouraging the residents to tear out grass.

C．Praising those who don’t sign on the program.

D．Awarding those who reduced water usage.

3. What is implied (暗示) in Campbell’s words in the last paragraph?

A．Many residents won’t follow the ban.

B．Reaction to the reform will vary personally.

C．Other measures should be taken to protect water.

D．Water officials should consider many factors (因素).

4. Which of the following could be the best title for the text?

A．Las Vegas Plans to Ban Useless Grass

B．A Method Is Adopted to Save Las Vegas

C．Choices between Beauty and Practice

D．Grass Is Important but Useless in Las Vegas

9 . As a result of pollution, Lake Erie, on the borders of the USA and Canada, is now without any living things.

Pollution in water is not simply a matter of “poisons” killing large numbers of fish overnight. Very often the effects of pollution are not noticed for many months or years because the first organisms (生物体) to be affected are either plants or plankton. But these organisms are the food of fish and birds and other creatures. When this food disappears, the fish and birds die too. In this way a whole food chain can be wiped out, and it’s not until dead fish and water birds are seen at the river’s edge or on the seashore that people realize what is happening.

Where do the substances which pollute the water come from? There are two main sources—sewage (污水) and industrial waste. As more detergent (洗涤剂) is used in the home, so more of it is finally put into our rivers, lakes and seas. Detergents harm water birds, dissolving the natural substances which keep their feathers water­proof. Sewage itself, if not properly treated, makes the water dirty and prevents all forms of life in rivers and the sea from receiving the oxygen they need. Industrial waste is even more harmful as there are many highly poisonous things in it, such as copper and lead (铅).

So, if we want to stop this pollution, the answer is simple: sewage and industrial waste must be made clear before flowing into the water. It may already be too late to save some rivers and lakes, but others can still be saved if the correct action is taken at once.

1. When do the people notice the pollution of water according to Paragraph 2?

A．The first organisms are affected.	B．A good many fish and birds die.
C．Poisonous things are poured into water.	D．The balance of nature is destroyed.

2. Why do the living things die in the river according to Paragraph 3?

A．There is no water.	B．There is no fish.
C．There is no poison.	D．There is no oxygen.

3. Which of the following is harmful according to the text?

A．Organisms.

B．Plants and plankton in the water.

C．Waste water from cities.

D．Industrial waste made clear before flowing into the water.

4. Which of the following is the best way to stop water pollution?

A．To realize the serious situation clearly.

B．To put oxygen into the river.

C．To make the waste material harmless before flowing into the water.

D．To make special room in the sea for our rubbish.

10 . 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式，并填在答题卡的相应位置。

There are thousands of endangered species in the world. If the rate    1    which they are dying out continues to rise, millions of plants and animals will become extinct    2    (immediate) in the next decade. The Giant Panda,    3    (know) as a symbol of conservation, might be one of them. Apart from the few pandas    4    (live) in zoos and conservation centres around the world, pandas     5    (find) only in the bamboo forest in southwest China. They are endangered as their habitats are being destroyed due to human    6    (activity). Because of conservation efforts,    7    number of pandas is increasing according to a recent survey. The news is exciting, but much still has to be done to save it from    8    (extinct). The Yangtze Dolphin is another species    9    habitat is being threatened. We must take measures to protect the Yangtze River. We should learn to exist in harmony with    10    (vary) types of wildlife.