1 . 你校英语报社打算举办一次主题为“保护藏羚羊(antelope)”的海报设计大赛，请你为其写一篇征稿启事。内容包括：
1. 活动的目的；
2. 海报的设计及投稿要求；
3. 动员大家参加。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为80个左右；
2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Contributions Wanted
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1.水污染的原因
2.水污染的后果
3.如何控制水污染
注意：写作词数不少于80。开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Water pollution
There are various causes of water pollution.
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3 . According to a new study released Wednesday, human activity has now gone past six of nine planetary boundaries, which are ways to measure the stability and livability of Earth for humans. The study published in the journal Science Advances represents the third update of the planetary boundary framework carried out by 29 scientists from eight different countries.
The planetary boundaries concept identifies nine global priorities relating to human—caused changes to the environment. The concept sets boundaries on how much we can allow ourselves to impact not only the climate but also other global processes that can support modern civilization. Respecting these safety boundaries would minimize the risk of human activities setting off a dramatic and potentially irrecoverable change in global environmental conditions.
Crossing six boundaries does not necessarily mean a disaster to follow, but it is a clear warning signal. “We can regard it as we do our own blood pressure,” said the study lead author Katherine Richardson of the University of Copenhagen in Denmark. “A blood pressure over 120 is not a guarantee of a heart attack but it increases the risk of one. For our own and our children’s sakes we need to reduce the pressure on these six planetary boundaries.”
As pressure on the planet increases and vital boundaries are being violated, we don’t know how long we can keep turning against these key boundaries before combined pressures lead to irrecoverable change and harm.
Richardson likens the framework to a bank statement—“it tells us how much of various resources of the Earth system we can allow ourselves to use without greatly increasing the risk in the overall environmental conditions we experience on Earth.”
According to Richardson, the study shows that focusing on climate alone will not solve the climate crisis; it must be seen together with the biodiversity crisis. Life is what makes this planet unique and it is the interactions between land, ocean, atmosphere and life that together provide conditions upon which our societies depend.
There is still time to prevent disasters, but we must take action, not next year or next month but now.
1. What can be inferred from the first paragraph?| A．Our planet is safe enough to live on. |
| B．Man puts our environment in great danger. |
| C．The environmental stability can be ensured. |
| D．The earth we live on is in a healthy condition. |
| A．Reduce. | B．Increase. | C．Reconsider. | D．Challenge. |
| A．Blood pressure is an important indicator in measuring physical health. |
| B．Breaking six boundaries is certain to result in environmental disasters. |
| C．Crossing boundaries is a clear warning against damaging environment. |
| D．Paying attention to the behavior towards environment is very important. |
| A．The nine planetary boundaries we should never go past |
| B．How much of various resources of the Earth system we can use |
| C．The ideal conditions upon which our humans depend to survive |
| D．Immediate actions should be taken to protect the environment |
Human activity is
All activities changed the behavior of animals , but the study found
As well as having a profound influence on the animals — like reducing their ability to feed and breed — the changes point to a global restructuring of animal movement
Dr Tim Doherty, a wildlife ecologist at the University of Sydney, said it was already well known that humans
When human
Shennongjia is
Between 1976 and 1981, the Chinese Academy of Sciences organized three large-scale
Nowadays, Shennongjia’s attraction is not
The “wild man” legend has been passed on for generations by word-of-mouth. In 2016, the legend of “wild man” in Shennongjia
6 . For the past two months, Mandy Chen, a second-year student at Beijing University of Technology, has been posting photos of herself to Taobao, posing with a reusable cup, climbing stairs and switching off lights.
After seven days of posting her photos, Chen exchanged the points for a dozen of biodegradable rubbish bags from Taobao. Everyone can get an endless supply of free trash bags if they keep going, according to Chen.
Chen uses Carbon88, a platform launched last August by Alibaba Group Holding, to help the more than 800 million users on Taobao adopt a sustainable lifestyle. The platform rewards users for over 70 low-carbon behaviours.
| A．It encourages them to reduce their carbon footprint. |
| B．And her efforts to save electricity prevented 65.50 grams. |
| C．It’s a valuable addition to current carbon-reduction policies. |
| D．Carbon reduction has helped increase Chen’s environmental awareness. |
| E．Within minutes, she receives a dozen points from the app as a reward. |
| F．They range from taking public transport to shopping of second-hand items. |
| G．She is now saving points for something better, like snacks and water bottles. |
1. 你的看法；
2. 你的理由。
注意:
1. 写作词数应为100左右；
2. 题目已经给出。
Should we explore the sea?
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8 . People have different ways of dealing with waste paper, specifically used newspapers. Some put them in the recycling area, while others keep them as wrappers. While these are both good measures, a Japanese publishing company had a better idea for their end use.
The Mainichi Newspapers Co., Ltd. invented the “Green Newspaper”, which allows people to grow plants with it. This unique newspaper was published on Greenery Day, which is an edition devoted to environmental news and made of green paper with seeds placed into it. What makes it even more sustainable is the ink (油墨) used to print words and photos, which is made from plants. The publisher advised readers to tear the used newspaper into small pieces and plant them in a container with soil. They should water them, like they would do for any plant. Within a few weeks, the seeds will grow into plants.
This brilliant concept was invented by Dentsu Inc., one of Japan’s most distinguished advertising agencies, which works with the publishing company on the initiative. The publisher’s core belief is environmental sustainability. As its mission statement says, “The Mainichi doesn’t take action only through information, but also by solving global issues.” With joint efforts, this initiative has reached the corners of Japan and sold around millions of copies daily. Other such initiatives producing plantable paper are also seen in India and the US.
Approximately 95 million trees are lost for producing newspapers every year. The Internet, the number of whose users represents 62.5 percent of the population worldwide, has impacted how people look at the news and the print readership has declined dramatically. Likewise, the reinvention and reimagination of this newspaper can bring about a revolution in the publishing industry as well as having an environmental impact.
1. What do we know about the “Green Newspaper”?| A．It uses water-resistant materials. |
| B．It’s printed with plant-based ink. |
| C．It functions as nutrients for seeds. |
| D．It’s published to celebrate Greenery Day. |
| A．It’s easier said than done. |
| B．Everything comes to him who waits. |
| C．Many hands make light work. |
| D．Actions speak louder than words. |
| A．By listing statistics. |
| B．By making a comparison. |
| C．By conducting surveys. |
| D．By analyzing results. |
| A．A living newspaper gives back to Earth. |
| B．The publishing industry sees a green milestone. |
| C．Used newspapers become home to plants. |
| D．Many companies support plantable newspapers. |
9 . Recent research confirms what our farming ancestors have known for centuries about hedges (树篱). They conserve precious soil by acting as windbreaks and absorbing rainwater that would otherwise wash it from the fields. And hedges store carbon, putting them in the front line of our bi d to tackle the climate crisis.
However, hedges have had a tough time in the poor countryside, with farmers encouraged to tear them down in pursuit of maximum production and larger field s to accommodate ever-larger machinery. What’s more, some hedges have been ignored. If left to their own devices, they’ll eventually become a line of trees. Some hedges each year lose their structures and fail to fulfil the primary duty as a barrier. Around a half of the nation’s hedges have disappeared in the past century.
There are signs that “the tide is turning”. The search for net zero has aroused many organizations’ interest in the humble hedge’s role as a carbon sink. The Climate Change Committee is recommending a 40 percent increase in hedges: an additional 200,000 km. Such recommendations are starting to drive policy. Cash-pressed farmers will be encouraged to create new hedges and improve their management of existing ones under the new Environmental Land Management Schemes, which will replace many of the existing agricultural support payments in coming years. Meanwhile, initiatives such as Close the Gap, led by the Tree Council, is providing funding and support to plug the gaps in existing hedges with new planting. There’s even an app to help time-pressed farmers do a quick survey to spot where their hedges need some help.
This is a good time for hedges. Take some of the most pressing challenges facing the countryside, and indeed, the world as a whole — the climate crisis, soil erosion (侵蚀), insect attack and wider biodiversity loss — and hedges are part of the solution.
1. What does recent research show about hedges?| A．They are unique landscapes in the rain. |
| B．They act as dividing lines between fields. |
| C．They have long been helpful to agriculture. |
| D．They are frequently washed away from the fields. |
| A．Their suffering. | B．Their production. |
| C．Their duties. | D．Their structures. |
| A．Puzzled. | B．Concerned. | C．Humble. | D．Indifferent. |
| A．Hedges: Ancient Resources |
| B．Hedges: Official Recommendations |
| C．Restoring Hedges: Bringing Benefits to the Environment |
| D．Researching Hedges: Originating from Farmers’ Request |
10 . A British architecture company has shown that it plans to build a luxury (奢华的) floating island resort made of recycled ocean plastic at a remote location in the Indian Ocean.
Margot Krasojević, the founder of Margot Krasojević Architecture, said that the 75-room hotel concept has funding to be built, but she did not say the source of funding. The hotel will be built on top of a “floating island” situated in Australia’s Cocos archipelago—a chain of islands situated 2,750 kilometers northwest of Perth, Western Australia.
Inspired by the Great Pacific Garbage Patch, the “Trash Island” under the resort will be woven (编织) from large plastic-filled bags and then fixed on the ocean floor. The bags will be weighed down with silt (淤泥) and sand to ensure the structural stability. Artificial “roots” designed to copy a tree with roots above the ground, will be placed around the structure to collect sediment (沉淀物) and act as a flood defense by water absorption and expansion when needed. The special structures will act like the island’s “life jacket” in an emergency, as they expand the trapped sediment and create artificial engineering land almost like an inflatable (充气的) runway. Guests of the hotel will shower in sea water that was specially treated. Krasojević said the plans were at an early stage and could take several years to build.
“The inspiration came to me when’ I saw the Pacific Ocean’s-fleet of plastic. This area is twice the size of France, because of the influence of ocean currents,” she said. “Plastic is malleable (有延展性的) and flexible, so it can be reprinted, reformed or broken down and rebuilt. I think it is a better choice than dumping garbage in’ landfills. It helps to raise the awareness of marine -waste, so it’s a good thing to do.”
1. Where will the 75-room hotel will be built?| A．the Pacific Ocean | B．On Australia’s Cocos archipelago |
| C．In Perth | D．On the Great Pacific Garbage Patch |
| A．Funding has been introduced to build the resort. |
| B．People will use large bags full of silt and sand to ensure the structural stability. |
| C．Trees will be placed around the structure to act as a flood defense. |
| D．Guests of the hotel will shower in sea water. |
| A．The reasons for building a floating ocean resort. |
| B．Suggestions on where to build a floating ocean resort. |
| C．The future of a floating ocean resort. |
| D．The time to build a floating ocean resort. |
| A．A health magazine | B．A history book | C．A travel guide of a city | D．A newspaper |
