2 . 阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

“The goal is that every 300 metres if you open a window, you     1    (see) green,” says Chen Lan, an expert in Urban Design and Planning at Sichuan University.

With its mild weather, teahouses, quiet leafy streets and     2     (international) known food, Chengdu in Southwest China has been known as one of the country’s     3     (good) cities to live in. Over the last two decades it has grown rapidly,     4     (drive) by China’s Western Development Strategy. In 1998 the city was home to 4. 2 million people. People     5     (come) from other parts of Sichuan Province since then, and that figure is now 8. 8 million.

To deal with that     6     (grow), the city planners of Chengdu are focused     7     environmental protection. Rather than building parks in a city, the idea is to build a city within a park. By 2050, Chengdu will be home of     8     local officials say will be the world’s largest network of paths for people to walk or bike. The goal of these projects is     9     (help) Chengdu compete with major Chinese cities like Beijing and Shanghai while protecting     10     from the kind of urbanisation and development that has robbed some Chinese cities of their characters.

4 . 阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Litter is everywhere, doing great harm to the environment and life on our planet. Jeff Kirschner, who wants to build a litter-free world, started a global community named Litterati     1     (settle) this problem.

The story began with his 6-year-old daughter. One day they were going on a hike     2     the girl noticed a broken plastic tub in a river. She said, “Daddy, that doesn’t go there.” That took Kirschner by surprise. He, like many adults, bad become so used to the rubbish around them that he hadn’t given it     3     second look.     4     his daughter said reminded him of the serious problem our planet faces.

Jeff started to take action. He created Litterati, an app that makes it fun to pick up litter. The idea is     5     (fair) simple: Spot a piece of trash, take a photo, post the photo online and then put the litter into dustbins.

    6     that Jeff was keeping a record of the positive impact he was having     7     the environment, people worldwide started participating in it. Up to now, over 2,500,000 photos posted by 3,500 people from over 40 countries     8     their way to Litterati’s digital landfill.

Litterati is more than an app,     9     is a highly effective solution to a pressing issue. Wherever you live, whatever you do and whoever you are, join Litterati to make the world a cleaner and     10     (health) place to live in!

5 . As a new mother in 2016, Tash Gorst was scrolling (滚动) through her phone when she fell down the rabbit hole of reading about plastic pollution. Fast-forward to 2019 and she had opened Gather, an organic zero-waste shop.

Customers come to Gather to refill their own containers with everything from rice to beauty products. And it’s not only the produce that is sustainable — the shop is powered by renewable energy and financed by a more sustainable bank, while all the units inside have been made from waste materials, mostly by Gorst herself.

Zero-waste shops have become an increasingly common feature on the streets in recent years. Wherever they have gone, supermarkets now look set to follow, with Morrisons, Marks & Spencer and Waitrose & Partners all recently agreeing to add “refill stations” in shops by the end of 2022. Meanwhile, Asda has introduced refill aisles (通道)to more of its supermarkets following successful trials.

As small startup businesses aiming to make responsible decisions without cutting ethical(道德上的) corners, refill shops tend to be more expensive than supermarkets and chains. Gorst admits that not everyone can afford to buy from them.

“But if you can, you should. You’ll feel good about the small decision that you’ve made on contributing to your local economy and doing something that’s better for the planet,” she says.

Emily Drabble is a regular Gather customer. She buys everything that would “normally be encased in plastic”, from cleaning products to food like pasta, which she puts into glass containers. “When I get home, I love unpacking my shopping, throwing nothing in the bin,” Drabble says.

And customers at refill shops get more than just physical goods, notes Gorst. Besides employing four local people, Gather, for example, holds free events, including a monthly book club for reading about sustainability, workshops for kids and so on. “I also see the refill shop as a place to bring people together,” she says.

1. Why does the author mention Gorst’s reading in paragraph 1?

A．To share a parenting experience.	B．To offer background information.
C．To attach importance to the motivation.	D．To show advantages of digital reading.

2. Which of the following is a significant feature of Gather?

A．It is run in an ecologically friendly way.

B．It sells sustainable goods at bargain prices.

C．It is only favored by customers with a green concept.

D．It differs from supermarkets in low-carbon awareness.

3. What is Drabble’s attitude towards refill shops?

A．Indifferent.

B．Critical.

C．Objective.

D．Enthusiastic.

4. What does the example in the last paragraph imply?

A．People may regard refill shops as fitness clubs.

B．Refill shops ought to share some social responsibilities.

C．People can benefit more from refill shops than expected.

D．Refill shops need to hold various events to increase sales.

6 . Due to climate change and changes in land use, wildfires are predicted to rise by up to 14 percent by 2030, 30 percent by 2050 and 50 percent by the end of the 21st century, and even areas previously unaffected by wildfires such as the Arctic face increased risk, according to a report by the UN Environment Programme (UNEP) and GRID-Arendal.

The report, “Spreading like Wildfire: The Rising Threat of Extraordinary Landscape Fires”, says that wildfires and climate change are “mutually worsening”. Wildfires are made more serious by climate change through increased drought, high air temperatures, low humidity, lightning and strong winds. Meanwhile, climate change is made worse by wildfires, mostly by damaging sensitive and carbon-rich ecosystems like rainforests.

Wildfires can threaten people’s health and lives, pollute water, destroy crops and reduce land available to grow food. Wildlife, as well as natural habitats, is also rarely spared (幸免). Costs of rebuilding the areas after they are struck by wildfires can be beyond the means of low-income countries. In developing countries, an increase in damaging wildfires may delay progress towards the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals.

The publication calls on governments to adopt a new “Fire Ready Formula”, with two-thirds of spending devoted to planning, prevention, preparedness and recovery and with one-third left for response. Currently, direct response to wildfires typically receives over half of related expenditures (花费), while planning receives less than one percent. “We have to minimize the risk of extreme wildfires by being better prepared: invest more in fire risk reduction, work with local communities, and strengthen global commitment to fighting climate change,” said Inger Andersen, UNEP Executive Director.

The restoration of ecosystems is an important means to reduce the risk of wildfires before they occur. Wetland restoration and the reintroduction of species, building at a distance from plants, and preserving open space buffers (缓冲物) are some examples of the essential investments in prevention, preparedness and recovery.

1. Why does the author speak of the Arctic?

A．To introduce the climate change of it.	B．To warn people of the wildfire damage.
C．To stress the importance of protecting it.	D．To show the rising tendency of wildfires.

2. What can we learn from the report by the UNEP and GRID-Arendal?

A．Wildfires and climate change have bad effects on each other.

B．The researchers are pessimistic about wildfire control.

C．Prevention receives half of related spending currently.

D．Many governments have adopted the new “Fire Ready Formula”.

3. What does paragraph 3 mainly talk about?

A．Wildfire control	B．Reconstruction costs
C．The wildfire damage.	D．The slowing progress.

4. Which might be an example of investments in prevention and preparedness?

A．Calling on more people to donate money.

B．Surrounding busy towns with thick forests.

C．Investing more money in putting out wildfires.

D．Restoring wetlands as well as wildlife species.

7 . 下列文段直接来自所学的课文，请根据英文首字母提示，填入符合课文含义的词，使到文段意思完整，通顺，符合课文原意。

I wake up to the sound of the wind b    1     the cloth of my tent. Even though the sun is brightly s    2    , telling whether it is morning or night is impossible. I’m above the Arctic Circle where in summer the sun never sets. Checking my watch, I see that it is 7:30 a.m. I leave my tent and walk over to the mountain e    3    . Spreading out before me, branches of the Rapa River flow through the v    4     below. I’m in the remote far north of Sweden in Sarek National Park, a place with no roads or towns.

Sarek’s mountains used to be covered by v    5     sheets of ice. Around 9,000 years ago, this ice m    6    , leaving behind about 100 g    7    . Soon after, reindeer began to arrive. Following the reindeer were the Sami people, who made this territory their home. Getting here is quite difficult, so apart from the Sami very few people have ever seen Sarek. In 1909, Sarek was made a national park in order to keep the land in its n    8     state. Though the Sami are allowed to continue their traditional way to life in the park, no one else can live here, and all development is b    9     within park boundaries. At the side of the valley, an ancient Sami c    10     is visible. Close by, there are a few reindeer feeding on grass.

9 . 阅读下面小短文，根据上下文语境，从所给的A—K十一个选项中，选出最佳选项填入空白处，每个单词只使用一次，每个方框里有一个是多余的单词。

A. extinction     B. reminded     C. observe     D. effective       E. illegally F. harmony       G. dropped       H. safe          I. threats       J. attractive       K. Luckily

We went to Tibet to     1     Tibetan antelopes with Zhaxi as our guide.     2    , on the plain in front of us, we saw a herd of antelopes move slowly across the green grass. These beautiful animals     3     me of their danger because they are being hunted     4     for their valuable fur. Especially in the 1980s and 1990s, their population     5     by more than 50 percent. To save this species from     6    , the Chinese government placed it under national protection. Zhaxi and other volunteers watched over the antelopes day and night and bridges and gates were added to keep them     7    . These measures were     8     and the antelope population has recovered. However, the government doesn’t intend to stop the protection programmes, since the     9     to the Tibetan antelope haven’t disappeared. Only when we learn to exist in     10     with nature can we stop being a threat to wildlife and to our planet.

10 . Is “plogging” the most fitness trend yet? They brought us hygge, lagom and fika, but now a new Scandinavian trend is coming, and it couldn’t be more fitness.

Hailing from Sweden, “plogging” is a fitness craze that sees participants pick up plastic litter while jogging — adding a virtuous, environmentally driven element to the sport.

Plogging appears to have started around 2016, but is now going global, due to increasing awareness and fear over plastic levels in the ocean.

The appeal of plogging is its simplicity, and the feeling of getting fit while supporting a good cause. By adding regular squats and carrying weight to jogging, we can assume the health benefits are increased.

Running and good causes have always gone hand in hand — just think of all the fundraising marathon runners do. But there couldn’t be a more on-trend way of keeping fit than plogging.

“Anything that’s getting people out in nature and connecting positively with their environment is a good thing,” says Lizzie Carr, an environmentalist who helped set up Plastic Patrol, a nationwide campaign to rid our inland waterways of plastic pollution. “There’s been a real shift in the public mindset around plastics, helped by things like Blue Planet high lighting how catastrophic the crisis is,” she says. “We need to keep momentum high and the pressure up, and empower people through initiatives like plogging and Plastic Patrol.”

The Plastic Patrol app allows users to map plastic anywhere in the world by collecting discarded items, photographing them and uploading to the app, giving us a better knowledge of what sorts of plastic and which brands are being thrown out. “I’d urge all ploggers to get involved,” adds Carr. As we can see, plogging has become a new fashion in 2018. However, plogging isn’t the first fitness trend to combine running with a good cause.

1. What does the underlined word “discarded” mean?

A．Useless.	B．Abandoned.
C．Exposed.	D．Distinct.

2. Carr helped set up Plastic Patrol, a nationwide campaign, in order to ________.

A．raise public awareness of pollution

B．shift the public mindset around plastics

C．connect positively with their environment

D．make our inland waterways free of plastic pollution

3. What is the passage mainly about?

A．Plogging is the best way to keep fit.

B．Plogging is an environmentally friendly way of fitness.

C．Running with good causes can make a great difference.

D．The Plastic Patrol app is an effective way to help you run.

4. What will the author continue to write?

A．Other new fashions in 2018.

B．The first healthy trends in sports.

C．Other fitness ways of running with a good cause.

D．The first healthy running trend with a good cause.